The Panglong Agreement ( my, ပင်လုံစာချုပ် ) was reached in
Panglong, Southern Shan State
Panglong ( shn, ပၢင်လူင်, ''Paang⁰long⁰'', ; , ) is a town in Loilem Township of Loilem District, southern Shan State, Myanmar. The town is also home to Panglong University.
History
Since 1957, Panglong has served as the he ...
, between the
Burmese government
Myanmar ( also known as Burma) operates ''de jure'' as a unitary assembly-independent republic under its 2008 constitution. On 1 February 2021, Myanmar's military took over the government in a coup, causing ongoing anti-coup protests.
...
under
Aung San
Aung San (, ; 13 February 191519 July 1947) was a Burmese politician, independence activist and revolutionary. He was instrumental in Myanmar's struggle for independence from British rule, but he was assassinated just six months before his go ...
and the
Shan,
Kachin, and
Chin
The chin is the forward pointed part of the anterior mandible (List_of_human_anatomical_regions#Regions, mental region) below the lower lip. A fully developed human skull has a chin of between 0.7 cm and 1.1 cm.
Evolution
The presence of a we ...
peoples on 12 February 1947.
Aung Zan Wai
Aung Zan Wai ( my, အောင်ဇံဝေ; 19 November 1893 – 29 December 1984) was an Arakanese politician and one of the most important negotiators and leaders of the historical Panglong Conference in 1947. The signing of Panglong Agreeme ...
,
Pe Khin,
Bo Hmu Aung
Bo Hmu Aung ( my, ဗိုလ်မှူးအောင်, 30 August 1910 – 9 November 2004) was a Burmese military officer and a member of the legendary ''Thirty Comrades'' who trained in Japan in the struggle for independence from Britain a ...
,
Sir Maung Gyi, Dr.
Sein Mya Maung,
Myoma U Than Kywe
Myoma Than Kywe ( my, မြို့မ သန်းကြွယ်, ; 26 December 1924 – 22 September 1983) was a Burmese politician. He was one of the negotiators of the historical Panglong Conference. The signing of Panglong Agreement ...
were among the negotiators of the historical
Panglong Conference
The Panglong Conference ( my, ပင်လုံညီလာခံ), held in February 1947, was a historic meeting that took place at Panglong in the Shan States in Burma between the Shan, Kachin and Chin ethnic minority leaders and Aung San, ...
negotiated with Bamar leader General
Aung San
Aung San (, ; 13 February 191519 July 1947) was a Burmese politician, independence activist and revolutionary. He was instrumental in Myanmar's struggle for independence from British rule, but he was assassinated just six months before his go ...
and other ethnic leaders in 1947. The agreement accepted "full
autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy, from , ''autonomos'', from αὐτο- ''auto-'' "self" and νόμος ''nomos'', "law", hence when combined understood to mean "one who gives oneself one's ...
in internal administration for the Frontier Areas" in principle and envisioned the creation of a
Kachin State
Kachin State ( my, ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: ), also known by the endonym Kachinland, is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, specifically and respectively); Sh ...
by the Constituent Assembly. It continued the financial relations established between the
Shan states
The Shan States (1885–1948) were a collection of minor Shan kingdoms called ''muang'' whose rulers bore the title ''saopha'' in British Burma. They were analogous to the princely states of British India.
The term "Shan States" was firs ...
and the
Burmese federal government, and envisioned similar arrangements for the
Kachin Hills Kachin or Kakhyen may refer to:
* Kachin State, in northern Myanmar/Burma
* Kachin Hills, northeastern Myanmar
* Kachin peoples, a generalised term for six non-Burman ethno-linguistic groups in Kachin State.
**Kachin people, including the main sub-b ...
and the
Chin Hills
The Chin Hills are a range of mountains in Chin State, northwestern Burma, Burma (Myanmar), that extends northward into India's Manipur state.
Geography
The highest peak in the Chin Hills is Khonu Msung, or Mount Victoria, in southern Chin State ...
.
The anniversary of this agreement is celebrated annually as
Union Day.
See also
*
Panglong Conference
The Panglong Conference ( my, ပင်လုံညီလာခံ), held in February 1947, was a historic meeting that took place at Panglong in the Shan States in Burma between the Shan, Kachin and Chin ethnic minority leaders and Aung San, ...
*
Chin State
Chin State (, ) is a state in western Myanmar. The Chin State is bordered by Sagaing Division and Magway Division to the east, Rakhine State to the south, Bangladesh to the south-west, and the Indian states of Mizoram to the west and Manipur t ...
*
Kachin State
Kachin State ( my, ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: ), also known by the endonym Kachinland, is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, specifically and respectively); Sh ...
References
External links
* {{wikisource-inline
Text of the Panglong AgreementEthnic Peace Plan 2014Celebration of Panglong Agreement Day
History of Myanmar
Treaties of Myanmar
1947 in Burma
1947 documents