Paksat-1, (Other former designation as Palapa-C1, HGS-3 and Anatolia-1), was a

geosynchronous A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an Earth-centered orbit with an orbital period that matches Earth's rotation on its axis, 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds (one sidereal day). The synchronization of rotation and orbital ...

and

communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth. C ...

built and owned by the

Boeing Company The Boeing Company () is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and sells airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites, telecommunications equipment, and missiles worldwide. The company also provides leasing and product ...

, leased to the

Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission The Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) ( ur, ) is the executive and national space agency of Pakistan. It is headquartered at the capital city of Islamabad in the northern part of Pakistan with additional facilities at th ...

(SUPARCO) and renamed Paksat-1. It was successfully put on orbit on 1 February 1996 as Palapa-C1 for

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

as its original customer. But, after the technical problems, the satellite was leased to SUPARCO at an orbital location of 38° East

longitude Longitude (, ) is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the surface of the Earth, or another celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter l ...

in December 2002. Paksat-1 offers the C-band and

Ku-band The Ku band () is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies from 12 to 18 gigahertz (GHz). The symbol is short for "K-under" (originally german: Kurz-unten), because it is the lower part of the ori ...

coverage in over 75 countries across Europe, Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia. Its customers included government organizations, television broadcasters,

telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that fe ...

s companies, data and

broadband In telecommunications, broadband is wide bandwidth data transmission which transports multiple signals at a wide range of frequencies and Internet traffic types, that enables messages to be sent simultaneously, used in fast internet connections. ...

internet service provider An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet. ISPs can be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise private ...

History

Palapa-C1

PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia (SATELINDO) chose Hughes in April 1993. It was built by

Hughes Space and Communications Company Hughes may refer to: People * Hughes (surname) * Hughes (given name) Places Antarctica * Hughes Range (Antarctica), Ross Dependency * Mount Hughes, Oates Land * Hughes Basin, Oates Land * Hughes Bay, Graham Land * Hughes Bluff, Victoria La ...

for Indonesian telecommunications provider PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia (SATELINDO). It was based on the

HS-601 The Boeing 601 (sometimes referred to as the BSS-601, and previously as the HS-601) is a communications satellite bus designed in 1985 and introduced in 1987 by Hughes Space and Communications Company. The series was extremely popular in the 199 ...

satellite bus A satellite bus (or spacecraft bus) is the main body and structural component of a satellite or spacecraft, in which the payload and all scientific instruments are held. Bus-derived satellites are opposed to specially produced satellites. Bus-d ...

. Construction was done at

El Segundo, California El Segundo ( , ; ) is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located on Santa Monica Bay, it was incorporated on January 18, 1917, and is part of the South Bay Cities Council of Governments. The population was 16,731 as of th ...

. Hughes also augmented the new master control station at Daan Mogot City near

Jakarta Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta ...

. It had 30 C-band

transponders In telecommunications, a transponder is a device that, upon receiving a signal, emits a different signal in response. The term is a blend of ''transmitter'' and ''responder''. In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a flight trans ...

and 4

transponders. It was due to be located in

geosynchronous orbit A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an Earth-centered orbit with an orbital period that matches Earth's rotation on its axis, 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds (one sidereal day). The synchronization of rotation and orbital ...

at 113° East above the

equator The equator is a circle of latitude, about in circumference, that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres. It is an imaginary line located at 0 degrees latitude, halfway between the North and South poles. The term can als ...

Launch

Palapa-C1 was launched by a Atlas IIAS

launch vehicle A launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket designed to carry a payload (spacecraft or satellites) from the Earth's surface to outer space. Most launch vehicles operate from a launch pad, launch pads, supported by a missile launch contro ...

on 1 February 1996 at 01:15:01 UTC. The satellites were launched from

Cape Canaveral , image = cape canaveral.jpg , image_size = 300 , caption = View of Cape Canaveral from space in 1991 , map = Florida#USA , map_width = 300 , type =Cape , map_caption = Location in Florida , location ...

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

. The liquid apogee engine of the satellite then raises it to

geostationary orbit A geostationary orbit, also referred to as a geosynchronous equatorial orbit''Geostationary orbit'' and ''Geosynchronous (equatorial) orbit'' are used somewhat interchangeably in sources. (GEO), is a circular geosynchronous orbit in altitud ...

. Later Indonesia declared the satellite unusable after an electric power anomaly. The insurance claims were paid and the title was transferred to Hughes Space and Communications Company, and renamed HGS-3, and was then acquired by

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...

from Hughes Global Services on "Full Time Leasing" and relocated to Pakistan's reserved orbital position at 38° East.

HGS-3

Hughes Global Services purchased the satellite and renamed HGS-3.

Anatolia-1

The satellite was renamed Anatolia-1.

Paksat-1

Pakistan's government approved the acquisition on 3 July 2002 and the leasing with Hughes Global Services was agreed on 6 August 2002. The satellite started moving to its new orbital position on 5 December 2002 and it went through a name change from Anatolia-1 to Paksat-1 on 18 December 2002. After a series of orbital maneuvers, the satellite was stabilized at its final location on 20 December 2002 with 0° inclination. The satellite is in position at the Pakistani-licensed orbital location, 38° East longitude. The satellite was acquired for a cost of around five million dollars.

Mission

The services include satellite communications in both C-band and Ku-band to customers in Pakistan, Africa and the Middle East. Paksat-1's 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band

provide total range of satellite communication capabilities.

Payload characteristics

30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band transponders provide the total range of satellite communications capabilities. The satellite is in a geostationary orbit at 38° East Longitude, and carries high power payloads in both bands. Payload characteristics of PAKSAT-1 are as below:

Applications

* Internet backbone extension * Point-to-point data services * Remote Internet access * Broadcast services (video and data) * Business VSAT networks * Direct-to-home * Thin route telephony support * Shipboard communications

Channels

* Geo Tv Network *

ARY Zauq ARY may stand for: * Abdul Razzak Yaqoob, a Pakistani expatriate businessman * Andre Romelle Young, real name of Dr. Dre * Ary and the Secret of Seasons, an action adventure video game * ARY Digital, a Pakistani television network * ARY Digital N ...

* ZINDAGI News * Business Plus * Channel 5 *

City 42 City 42 is a Lahore-based news channel which broadcasts news and information about latest happenings and events in the city of Lahore in Punjab, Pakistan. The channel was founded in 2009 and is owned by Mohsin Naqvi who is the founder of City News ...

Dharti TV ''Dharti TV'' ( sd, ڌرتي ٺي وي, ur, ) Television Network (Dharti TV) is the first private TV channel. This Channel is general entertainment Channel which covers Dramas, News, Music and Current Affairs. Fazul Samejo, is the chief repor ...

* GNN *

Dhoom TV Dhoom TV was a Pakistan-based Entertainment Satellite TV channel which uses PakSat-1 Paksat-1, (Other former designation as Palapa-C1, HGS-3 and Anatolia-1), was a geosynchronous and communications satellite built and owned by the Boein ...

Din News Din News HD is a Pakistani 24-hour news channel. Din News Broadcasts news and infotaiment programs in the Urdu language. Din News is privately owned and its headqaurters is located at Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Din News started broadcasting on 1st ...

* filmWORLD *

G Kaboom G, or g, is the seventh letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''gee'' (pronounced ), plural ''gees''. History The ...

Hadi TV Hadi TV is an International television channel with a Muslim religious focus, producing programs mainly focusing on the Twelver school of thought. It has been named after the name of 10th Imam Ali al-Hadi and duly called Hadi TV. It is first mult ...

Haq TV Haq TV is a Pakistani television channel with a non-sectarian religious focus. Its mission is to keep viewers in touch with the modern dynamics of Islam, without bias or sectarianism. It sheds light on modern-day Islam to provide a fair assessment ...

Indus News Indus News was an English language Pakistani international news channel launched in November 2018. It was part of Aap Media Network and was broadcast on Paksat. The channel was based in Islamabad. History The channel was owned by Pakistani bu ...

Indus Vision Indus Media Group (also abbreviated as, IMG) is a Pakistani company broadcasting a mix of free-to-air news and entertainment channels via satellite. IMG owns and operates the Indus brand of television channels in various global markets. It o ...

* Kook TV *

Labbaik TV Labbaik TV is a Pakistani channel, It is an Islamic channel, the first channel of Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most popul ...

Madani Channel Dawat-e-Islami ( ur, دعوتِ اسلامی) is a Sunni Islamic organization based in Pakistan. It has several Islamic educational institutions around the world. In addition to local charity efforts, Dawat-e-Islami offers online courses in ...

* Mashal TV *

Mehran TV Mehran ( fa, مهران, link=no) is derived from the term ''mehr'' (English: ''sun''), relating to Mithra, an ancient Zoroastrian Persian deity. Mehran may refer to: Places Iran * Mehran (district), a neighborhood of northern Tehran, capital of ...

Metro One Metro, short for metropolitan, may refer to: Geography * Metro (city), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urba ...

MTV Pakistan MTV Pakistan was the Pakistani subsidiary of MTV, a cable television network owned by Viacom. The Pakistan franchise was set up in collaboration with Pakistan's first satellite channel media group known as Indus Media Group (Indus TV). ''Indu ...

* N-Vibe * Nick Pakistan *

Oxygen Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as wel ...

* Oye *

Play Play most commonly refers to: * Play (activity), an activity done for enjoyment * Play (theatre), a work of drama Play may refer also to: Computers and technology * Google Play, a digital content service * Play Framework, a Java framework * Pla ...

PTV Bolan PTV Bolan ( bal, , brh, , ps, پي ټي وي بولان) is a television channel launched by PTV that broadcasts regional programmes in Brahui, Balochi and Pashto. PTV Bolan was launched in 2005 by then Prime Minister. It is primarily targ ...

Punjab TV Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...

* Ravi TV * Sabzbaat Balochistan TV * Sahar 2 *

Sindh TV Sindh TV (trademarked Sindh TV) or Sindh Television is a Sindhi-based satellite television channel. The channel promotes "culture, sufism and affection for the Sindhi language" airing a wide variety of programs, such as a morning show, infotainm ...

* Sindh TV News * Sohni Dharti * Star Asia * Value TV * VSH News * VTV 1 (

Virtual University A virtual university (or online university) provides higher education programs through electronic media, typically the Internet. Some are bricks-and-mortar institutions that provide online learning as part of their extended university courses while ...

) * VTV 2 (Virtual University) * VTV 3 (Virtual University) * VTV 4 (Virtual University) * Zaiqa * ptv sports * Feed1 * Ptv Global * Ptv World

Paksat footprints

Paksat-1 has two beams each in both C-band and Ku-bands, i.e. C1, C2 and K1, K2, respectively. In C-band, C1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly African Continent and Middle East. The C2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East, African Continent, Central Asian States and Southern Europe. In Ku-band, K1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly Middle East and Eastern Africa. K2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East and Central Asian States.

Future projects

Telesat Telesat, formerly Telesat Canada, is a Canadian satellite communications company founded on May 2, 1969. The company is headquartered in Ottawa. History Telesat began as Telesat Canada, a Canadian Crown corporation created by an Act of Parli ...

, one of the world's leading satellite operators, announced on 13 March 2007, that it had signed a consulting contract with the

Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission The Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) ( ur, ) is the executive and national space agency of Pakistan. It is headquartered at the capital city of Islamabad in the northern part of Pakistan with additional facilities at th ...

(SUPARCO), Pakistan's national space agency. Under the agreement, Telesat will assist SUPARCO in the procurement and launch of the

Paksat-1R Paksat-1R (or Paksat-1 Replacement) is a geosynchronous, communications satellite that was manufactured by China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC) and operated by the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), an executive ...

satellite, which will replace the existing Paksat-1 in 2010.Paksat-1R
/ref>

References

External links

Paksat Project

SUPARCO: Paksat-1

History of Paksat-1 before it was acquired by Pakistan {{Orbital launches in 1996 Spacecraft launched in 1996 Communications satellites in geostationary orbit SUPARCO satellites History of science and technology in Pakistan Communications satellites of Pakistan