Paderne is a village and
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...
in the municipality (''
concelho
Concelho () is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word ''município'' () refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal a ...
'') of
Albufeira
Albufeira () is a city and seat of its own municipality in the district of Faro, in the southernmost Portuguese region of Algarve. The municipality population in 2021 was 44,158, in an area of . The city proper had a population of 28,645 in 2021 ...
, in the
Portuguese
Portuguese may refer to:
* anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal
** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods
** Portuguese language, a Romance language
*** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language
** Portu ...
region of
Algarve
The Algarve (, , ; from ) is the southernmost NUTS II region of continental Portugal. It has an area of with 467,495 permanent inhabitants and incorporates 16 municipalities ( ''concelhos'' or ''municípios'' in Portuguese).
The region has it ...
.
The population in 2011 was 3,304,
in an area of 52.56 km².
History
The name ''Paderne'' derives from the lower
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
word ''Paterni'', which means ''estate of Paterno'', used when the area was part of the
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterr ...
. But Paderne, or as it was formerly called, Paderna, was also an old toponymy whose origins were in the
Lusitanian culture, signifying ''rough, tough, hard and intractable''. The Veiga archaeological crews discovered underground galleries in the settlement that they attributed to prehistoric peoples, although local storytellers indicated that these caverns were used by
Moorish
The term Moor, derived from the ancient Mauri, is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages.
Moors are not a distinct or se ...
peoples as barns or granaries. These galleries were once used as copper mines, but later reused by the peoples that dominated the Algarve: the Phoenicians, Romans, Goths and Arabs. Around from these structures is the
Castle of Paderne
The Castle of Paderne ( pt, Castelo de Paderne) is an ancient fortification located in the freguesia, civil parish of Paderne (Albufeira), Paderne, concelho, municipality of Albufeira Municipality, Albufeira, in the Portugal, Portuguese Algarve. I ...
, constructed in the 13th century during the
Almohad
The Almohad Caliphate (; ar, خِلَافَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِينَ or or from ar, ٱلْمُوَحِّدُونَ, translit=al-Muwaḥḥidūn, lit=those who profess the Tawhid, unity of God) was a North African Berbers, Berber M ...
caliphate, a
Moorish
The term Moor, derived from the ancient Mauri, is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages.
Moors are not a distinct or se ...
group from North Africa that dominated the area at the end of the 12th century. The fortification not only defended the settlement of Paderne, but also controlled passage into the Barrocal and coastal Algarve. Constructed from
taipa
Taipa ( zh, t=氹仔, ; pt, Taipa, ) was a former island in Macau, presently united with the island of Coloane by reclaimed land known as Cotai. Administratively, the boundaries of the traditional civil parish Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Ca ...
, its entrance is defended by a tower and
barbican
A barbican (from fro, barbacane) is a fortified outpost or fortified gateway, such as at an outer fortifications, defense perimeter of a city or castle, or any tower situated over a gate or bridge which was used for defensive purposes.
Europe ...
. The castle was taken by Christian forces of King
Sancho I of Portugal
Sancho I of Portugal (), nicknamed "the Populator" ( pt, "o Povoador"), King of Portugal (Coimbra, 11 November 115426 March 1211) was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fifth child of Afonso I of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy. ...
, but retaken by the Moors again, who kept it until 1248, when knights of the
Order of St. James, under
Paio Peres Correia
D. Paio Peres Correia was a Portuguese warrior who played an important role in the thirteenth-century Reconquista. He was born c. 1205, in Monte de Fralães, a civil parish in the municipality of Barcelos.
He went to Uclés, then the seat of t ...
, defeated the Islamic garrison. By regal charter, on 1 January 1305, King
Denis donated the castle and clergy to the Master of Avis,
Lourenço Anes; this
Order of Avis
The Military Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz ( pt, Ordem Militar de São Bento de Avis, ), previously to 1910 ''Royal Military Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz'' ( pt, Real Ordem Militar de São Bento de Avis), previously to 1789 ''Knights'' (of ...
also occupied Albufeira at the time. In 1575, the first reference to a parish seat in Paderne occurred, and records from the local authority show that the change from ecclesiastical seat to parish occurred around 1500. The new church continued to be a priory of the Order of Avis, even as the settlement declined in importance, a decline accelerated after the
1755 Lisbon earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time. In combination with ...
when the fortress of Paderne was heavily damaged. The castle of Paderne was purchased in 1997 by the ''Instituto Português do Património Aqruitectónico'', or IPPA, the forerunner of the National Registry
IGESPAR.
Geography
The centre, and main settlement, of Paderne is located north of Albufeira, west of
Faro and is from
Lisbon
Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...
.
The parish is accessible through the national roadway/highway network, along the junctions of the
A2 motorway (from Lisbon) and the IP1 coastal motorway. Flights to the region are handled through the gateway at
Faro, while rail services run through the
CP byway of
Albufeira
Albufeira () is a city and seat of its own municipality in the district of Faro, in the southernmost Portuguese region of Algarve. The municipality population in 2021 was 44,158, in an area of . The city proper had a population of 28,645 in 2021 ...
. The railway station of Albufeira / Ferreiras is 5.5 miles / 8.8 km from Paderne. Local buses operate from Albufeira town to Paderne.
Architecture
Civic
![The Bridge at Paderne 26 nov 2007](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/The_Bridge_at_Paderne_26_nov_2007.jpg)
* Bridge of Paderne (), built in the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
and restored in 1771. The rectangular bridge is built over three arches, the central arch is a pyramidal apex.
* Fountain of Paderne (), an 18th-century fountain included as part of the
Natura 2000
Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union. It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, respectively ...
sectoral plan, for the ''
Riberia do Quarteira'';
* Residence of Mem Moniz (), designed by Manuel Maria Cristóvão Laginha (1919-1985), the private home was classified as national patrimony for its
Estado Novo-era design;
* Watermill of Paderne (), under study by the beginning of the 21st century, the watermill included the millers' home, serving the early community of Paderne;
* Sports Pavilion (Pavilhão Desportivo de Paderne)the village has an imposing indoor sports hall, home to the successful Paderne Ladies Futsal indoor soccer team.
* Paderne FC stadium (Estádio João Campos) is a surface football (soccer) stadium used by the
Padernense Clube. Regrettably, the senior (adult) team folded at the end of the 2010/2011 season. Prior to that, they competed in the Algarve Football League.
Military
![Paderne Morrish Castle 26 Nov 2007 (3)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Paderne_Moorish_Castle_26_Nov_2007_%283%29.jpg)
*
Castle of Paderne
The Castle of Paderne ( pt, Castelo de Paderne) is an ancient fortification located in the freguesia, civil parish of Paderne (Albufeira), Paderne, concelho, municipality of Albufeira Municipality, Albufeira, in the Portugal, Portuguese Algarve. I ...
(), believed to be one of the original castles that occupies the shield of the Portuguese national flag, Paderne was a Moorish castle built on the remains of a Roman fortified outpost that was taken during the
Reconquista
The ' (Spanish, Portuguese and Galician for "reconquest") is a historiographical construction describing the 781-year period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid ...
period of Portuguese nationhood;
Religious
* Hermitage of Nossa Senhora da Pé da Cruz (), a 17th-century chapel, constructed in the Baroque-style, serving Paderne Castle, notable for its elaborate
retable
A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church. At the minimum it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structur ...
;
* Church of Nossa Senhora da Esperança (), the parochial Church of Nossa Senhora da Esperança, dedicated to ''Our Lady of Hope'', was built in the mid 16th century to replace the older Chapel of Nossa Senhora do Pé da Cruz, in the precinct of the nearby castle of Paderne.
The building underwent significant alterations in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The church includes several
Manueline
The Manueline ( pt, estilo manuelino, ), occasionally known as Portuguese late Gothic, is the sumptuous, composite Portuguese architectural style originating in the 16th century, during the Portuguese Renaissance and Age of Discoveries. Manuel ...
features and combines several aspects of the
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas ...
-style architecture, especially its capitals and triumphal arch.
[ Within the church are wooden sculptures dating from the 17th and 18th centuries, including an image of the archangel São Miguel from the 18th century. The church's altars in the ]chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may terminate in an apse.
Ove ...
and the retable
A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church. At the minimum it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structur ...
of the ''Capela do Santíssimo'' (''Chapel of the Most Holy''), both constructed during the Baroque
The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
, are just a few of the features of the three-nave interior.
References
{{authority control
Freguesias of Albufeira
Towns in Portugal
Villages in the Algarve