Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)
or Prostaglandin E synthase is an
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''PTGES''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by
proinflammatory cytokine An inflammatory cytokine or proinflammatory cytokine is a type of signaling molecule (a cytokine) that is secreted from immune cells like helper T cells (Th) and macrophages, and certain other cell types that promote inflammation. They include inte ...
interleukin 1 beta
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) also known as leukocytic pyrogen, leukocytic endogenous mediator, mononuclear cell factor, lymphocyte activating factor and other names, is a cytokine protein that in humans is encoded by the ''IL1B'' gene."Catabolin" ...
(IL1B). Its expression can also be induced by
tumor suppressor protein TP53
p53, also known as Tumor protein P53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53) is a regulatory protein that is often mutated in human cancers. The p53 proteins (originally thought to be, and often ...
, and may be involved in TP53-induced
apoptosis
Apoptosis (from grc, ἀπόπτωσις, apóptōsis, 'falling off') is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes (morphology) and death. These changes incl ...
.
Knockout studies in mice suggest that this gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of
collagen-induced arthritis
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a condition induced in mice (or rats) to study rheumatoid arthritis.
CIA is induced in mice by injecting them with an emulsion of complete Freund's adjuvant and type II collagen
Type II collagen is the basis ...
and mediate acute pain during inflammatory responses.
See also
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Prostaglandin E synthase
Prostaglandin E synthase (, or PGE synthase) is an enzyme involved in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism, a member of MAPEG family. It generates prostaglandin E (PGE) from prostaglandin H2.
The synthase generating PGE2 is a membrane-associat ...
References
Further reading
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