The "Pegmantit 8" or P-8 (also referred to by the
NATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are code names for military equipment from Russia, China, and historically, the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and other nations of the Warsaw Pact). They provide unambiguous and easily understood English words in a uniform manne ...
"Knife Rest A" in the west) was an early 2D
VHF radar
Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (''ranging''), angle, and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, w ...
developed and operated by the former
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
.
Development
The "Pegmantit 8" which is abbreviated to P-8 was a development of one of the first early warning and ground control radars to be developed by the former
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, the
P-3 radar. The radar was developed and successfully tested between 1949 and 1950, demonstrating a detection range of 150 km against a target aircraft at 8 km altitude
and was accepted into operational service. The P-8 was developed by the SKB Design Bureau, a division of State Plant No.197 named after
V.I.Lenin who developed the previous P-3, the predecessor of the current
Nizhniy Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT).
The development of the P-8 radar won the team responsible for its introduction the state prize.
In 1951 the P-8 radar underwent a significant modification which boosted the detection range to 250 km against a target flying at an altitude of 10 km, the target detection range of low altitude targets was also improved by a factor of 60-70%.
Between 1956 and 1957 the P-10 and legacy P-8 radar were equipped with improved clutter suppression equipment allowing for cancellation of clutter moving up to 30 m/s, cancellation was improved by a factor of 5 compared with no cancellation.
Description
The P-8 being a development of the earlier P-3 shares many similarities with the earlier system, like the P-3M (mobile variant) the P-8 was mounted in two
ZiL
OJSC AMO ZiL, known fully as the Public Joint-Stock Company – Likhachov Plant () and more commonly called ZiL (, was a major Russian automobile, truck, military vehicle, and heavy equipment manufacturer that was based in Moscow, Russia.
The la ...
trucks. The P-8 used a single
antenna
Antenna ( antennas or antennae) may refer to:
Science and engineering
* Antenna (radio), also known as an aerial, a transducer designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic (e.g., TV or radio) waves
* Antennae Galaxies, the name of two collid ...
accomplishing both
transmission
Transmission may refer to:
Medicine, science and technology
* Power transmission
** Electric power transmission
** Propulsion transmission, technology allowing controlled application of power
*** Automatic transmission
*** Manual transmission
*** ...
and reception which rotated at a speed of 2 r.p.m. The antenna was composed of four
Yagi antenna Yagi may refer to:
Places
*Yagi, Kyoto, in Japan
*Yagi (Kashihara), in Nara Prefecture, Japan
*Yagi-nishiguchi Station, in Kashihara, Nara, Japan
*Kami-Yagi Station, a JR-West Kabe Line station located in 3-chōme, Yagi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Hi ...
s mounted in sets of two with one set above the other atop a 30-meter mast.
Azimuth was scanned mechanically by the antenna with elevation determined using a
goniometer in similar fashion to the P-3.
The P-8 was one of the first Russian radars to incorporate a means of
clutter
Clutter and its derivations may refer to any of the following:
Excessive physical disorder
* Clutter, a confusing, or disorderly, state or collection, and possible symptom of compulsive hoarding
* Clutter (marketing), numerous advertisements, a ...
suppression,
a coherent oscillator in the receiver circuit acted as a simple
moving target indicator
Moving target indication (MTI) is a mode of operation of a radar to discriminate a target against the clutter. It describes a variety of techniques used for finding moving objects, like an aircraft, and filter out unmoving ones, like hills or trees ...
to eliminate passive interference like ground clutter. The P-8 was also the first Russian radar to use a plan position indicator
in addition to an A-scope to indicate height, the radar had a maximum power output of up to 75 kW and a receiver sensitivity of 7 mV.
Operators
The P-8 was operated by the Soviet Union from 1950
but has long since become obsolete and retired from service, replaced by more advanced models entering into service after the P-8 such as the
P-10 radar.
See also
*
P-3 radar
*
P-10 radar
*
List of radars
A radar is an electronic system used to determine and detect the range of target and maps various types of targets.This is a list of radars.
Argentina
Australia
Brazil
Egypt
Europe
India Military
Airborne
*LCA MMR - 3D advanced, ligh ...
External links
NNIIRT
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:P-08 Radar
Russian and Soviet military radars
Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering products
Military vehicles introduced in the 1950s