![Ortigia dall'alto](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Ortigia_dall%27alto.jpg)
Ortygia (; it, Ortigia; grc-gre, Ὀρτυγία) is a small
island
An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...
which is the historical centre of the city of
Syracuse
Syracuse may refer to:
Places Italy
*Syracuse, Sicily, or spelled as ''Siracusa''
*Province of Syracuse
United States
*Syracuse, New York
**East Syracuse, New York
**North Syracuse, New York
*Syracuse, Indiana
* Syracuse, Kansas
*Syracuse, Miss ...
,
Sicily
(man) it, Siciliana (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 = Ethnicity
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographi ...
. The island, also known as the ''Città Vecchia'' (Old City), contains many historical landmarks. The name originates from the
ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...
''ortyx'' (ὄρτυξ), which means "Quail".
Overview
![Moneta d'argento di siracusa, 415-400 ac](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Moneta_d%27argento_di_siracusa%2C_415-400_ac._circa%2C_testa_di_aretusa.JPG)
The
Homeric Hymn
The ''Homeric Hymns'' () are a collection of thirty-three anonymous ancient Greek hymns celebrating individual gods. The hymns are "Homeric" in the sense that they employ the same epic meter—dactylic hexameter—as the ''Iliad'' and ''Odyssey'', ...
to
Delian Apollo
Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label=Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label= ...
has it that the goddess
Leto
In ancient Greek mythology and Ancient Greek religion, religion, Leto (; grc-gre, Λητώ , ''Lētṓ'', or , ''Lātṓ'' in Ancient Greek dialects#Provenance, Doric Greek) is a goddess and the mother of Apollo, the god of music, and Artemis ...
stopped at Ortygia to give birth to
Artemis
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Artemis (; grc-gre, Ἄρτεμις) is the goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, wild animals, nature, vegetation, childbirth, care of children, and chastity. She was heavily identified wit ...
, the firstborn of her twins. Artemis then helped Leto across the sea to the island of
Delos
The island of Delos (; el, Δήλος ; Attic: , Doric: ), near Mykonos, near the centre of the Cyclades archipelago, is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece. The excavations in the island are ...
, where Leto gave birth to
Apollo
Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label=Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label= ...
. Other ancient sources state that the twins were born in the same place – which was either
Delos
The island of Delos (; el, Δήλος ; Attic: , Doric: ), near Mykonos, near the centre of the Cyclades archipelago, is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece. The excavations in the island are ...
or Ortygia – but Ortygia, according to Strabo was an old name of Delos. Further, there were perhaps a half-dozen other places called Ortygia, so that the identification is uncertain.
[Hammond and Scullard (editors). ''The Oxford Classical Dictionary'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970), 760.]
It was also said that
Asteria, the sister of Leto, metamorphosed into a quail (Ortyx), threw herself into the sea, and was metamorphosed into the island of Ortygia. Another myth suggested that it was Delos, rather than Ortygia.
Eos
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Eos (; Ionic and Homeric Greek ''Ēṓs'', Attic ''Héōs'', "dawn", or ; Aeolic ''Aúōs'', Doric ''Āṓs'') is the goddess and personification of the dawn, who rose each morning from her home ...
, the
goddess of the dawn, fell in love with the mortal hunter
Orion and abducted him to Ortygia, where he met Artemis and joined her retinue.
He was slain by the goddess either for because the gods did not approve of goddesses taking mortal men to lovers,
Homer
Homer (; grc, Ὅμηρος , ''Hómēros'') (born ) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the ...
, ''Odyssey
The ''Odyssey'' (; grc, Ὀδύσσεια, Odýsseia, ) is one of two major Ancient Greek literature, ancient Greek Epic poetry, epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by moder ...
'
5.121–124
/ref> or for challenging her in an archery contest, or trying to force himself upon one of her maids.[Pseudo-Apollodorus, '' Bibliotheca']
1.4.4
/ref>
Ortygia was the mythological home of Arethusa, a chaste nymph
A nymph ( grc, νύμφη, nýmphē, el, script=Latn, nímfi, label=Modern Greek; , ) in ancient Greek folklore is a minor female nature deity. Different from Greek goddesses, nymphs are generally regarded as personifications of nature, are ty ...
who, while fleeing a river god, was transformed by Artemis
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Artemis (; grc-gre, Ἄρτεμις) is the goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, wild animals, nature, vegetation, childbirth, care of children, and chastity. She was heavily identified wit ...
into a spring, traversed underground and appeared here, thus providing water for the city. Arethusa and her pursuer, the river god Alpheus, came from Arcadia
Arcadia may refer to:
Places Australia
* Arcadia, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney
* Arcadia, Queensland
* Arcadia, Victoria
Greece
* Arcadia (region), a region in the central Peloponnese
* Arcadia (regional unit), a modern administrative un ...
in Greece.
History
Ortygia, being an island just off the coast, was easily transformed into a natural fortress with harbors and was big enough that it could hold a significant population in ancient times. Therefore, the history of Ortygia is synonymous with the early history of Syracuse.
Location
Ortygia is located at the eastern end of Syracuse and is separated from it by a narrow channel. Two bridges connect the island to mainland Sicily. The island is a popular location for tourists, shopping, entertainment and is also a residential area.
Subdistricts
*Graziella ( scn, Razziedda)
*Bottari ( scn, 'Uttari)
*Mastrarua ( scn, Masciarrò)
*Spirduta ( scn, Spidduta)
*Maestranza ( scn, Mascianza)
*Duomo ( scn, Domu)
*Giudecca ( scn, Jureca)
*Turba ( scn, Tubba)
*Castello Maniace ( scn, Casteddu)
Landmarks
*Cathedral of Syracuse
The Cathedral of Syracuse (''Duomo di Siracusa''), formally the ''Cattedrale metropolitana della Natività di Maria Santissima'', is an ancient Catholic church in Syracuse, Sicily, the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Siracusa. Its structure ...
*Piazza
A town square (or square, plaza, public square, city square, urban square, or ''piazza'') is an open public space, commonly found in the heart of a traditional town but not necessarily a true geometric square, used for community gatherings. ...
del Duomo, Syracuse
*Piazza Archimede
*Fountain of Arethusa
The Fountain of Arethusa ( it, Fonte Aretusa, grc, Ἀρέθουσα) is a natural fountain on the island of Ortygia in the historical centre of the city of Syracuse in Sicily. According to Greek mythology, the fresh water fountain is the place ...
See also
*Two Brothers Rocks
The Two Brothers Rocks (Italian language, Italian: ''Scoglio Due Fratelli''; Sicilian language, Sicilian ''I Ru' Frati'') are a rock formation in the Ionian sea to the north-east of Syracuse, Sicily, Syracuse in Sicily. Mimmo Martinucci: ''Dreami ...
References
External links
Levinson Travel Guides
Google Satellite Imagery
Ortigia Island Website
Ortigia Island Photos
Official Fan Page
{{authority control
Locations in Greek mythology
Ancient Syracuse
Islands of Sicily
Syracuse, Sicily
Leto
he:סירקוזה#אורטיג'יה