''Onomastus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of Asian

jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all sp ...

s (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae.

Description

''Onomastus'' species are delicate, translucent spiders, with long legs compared to most other members of the family Salticidae. Males have highly complex

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

s. Two clades have been distinguished: in species from Southeast Asia, the palpal bulb has a broad conductor; in those from South Asia it has a medial branch on the median apophysis. Like species of the subfamilies

Lyssomaninae Lyssomaninae is a subfamily of jumping spiders. It includes four genera, three from the New World. Description Members of the subfamily Lyssomaninae are mostly green or yellow, and have long legs compared to other salticids. The anterior later ...

and

Asemoneinae Asemoneinae is a subfamily of jumping spiders (family Salticidae). It was created in 2015 by Wayne Maddison. Most species are found in Africa or Asia. The subfamily initially had five genera, but '' Hindumanes'' was later transferred to the subf ...

, the anterior lateral eyes form a separate row from the anterior median eyes. The genus was originally diagnosed on the basis of the arrangement of the eyes.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Onomastus'' was first described by

Eugène Simon Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4, ...

in 1900. He placed it in the "Attidae", the name he then used for the family

Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spi ...

. It was later placed in a broadly defined subfamily

, although by the 1980s it was agreed that this subfamily consisted of three groups. When

Wayne Maddison Wayne Paul Maddison , is a professor and Canada Research Chair at the departments of zoology and botany at the University of British Columbia, and the Director of the Spencer Entomological Collection at the Beaty Biodiversity Museum. His research ...

divided the subfamily into three in 2015, the genus was placed in its own subfamily, Onomastinae.

Species

, it contains seventeen species, found only in Asia: *'' Onomastus chenae'' Lin & Li, 2020 –

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

*'' Onomastus complexipalpis'' Wanless, 1980 –

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...

*'' Onomastus corbetensis'' Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 –

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

*'' Onomastus danum'' Prószyński &

Deeleman-Reinhold Christa Laetitia Deeleman-Reinhold (born 23 November 1930) is a Dutch arachnologist. She specializes in spiders from Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, particularly cave-dwelling and tropical spiders. She donated a collection of about 25,000 Sou ...

, 2013 – Borneo *'' Onomastus indra'' Benjamin, 2010 –

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

*'' Onomastus jamestaylori'' Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 – Sri Lanka *'' Onomastus kaharian'' Benjamin, 2010 –

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

(Borneo) *''

Onomastus kanoi ''Onomastus'' is a genus of Asian jumping spiders (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae. Description ''Onomastus'' species are delicate, translucent spiders ...

'' Ono, 1995 –

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

(

Okinawa is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi). Naha is the capital and largest city ...

) *''

Onomastus maskeliya ''Onomastus maskeliya'', is a species of spider of the genus ''Onomastus''. It is endemic to Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-s ...

'' Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 – Sri Lanka *'' Onomastus nigricaudus'' Simon, 1900 ( type) – Sri Lanka *''

Onomastus nigrimaculatus ''Onomastus'' is a genus of Asian jumping spiders (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae. Description ''Onomastus'' species are delicate, translucent spiders ...

'' Zhang & Li, 2005 – China, Thailand *''

Onomastus patellaris ''Onomastus'' is a genus of Asian jumping spiders (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae. Description ''Onomastus'' species are delicate, translucent spiders ...

'' Simon, 1900 – India *'' Onomastus pethiyagodai'' Benjamin, 2010 – Sri Lanka *'' Onomastus quinquenotatus'' Simon, 1900 – Sri Lanka *''

Onomastus rattotensis ''Onomastus rattotensis'' is a species of spider of the genus '' Onomastus''. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. The species was first discovered from Rattota area of Matale District Matale District ( si, මාතලේ දිස්ත්‍රි� ...

'' Benjamin, 2010 – Sri Lanka *'' Onomastus simoni'' Zabka, 1985 –

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

*'' Onomastus subchenae'' C. Wang, W. H. Wang & Peng, 2021 – China

References

External links

Photograph of ''Onomastus'' sp.
Salticidae genera Salticidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Jumping-spider-stub