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Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University ( uk, Одеський національний університет Iмені І. І. Мечникова, translit=Odeskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni I. I. Mechnykova), located in
Odesa Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. The city is also the administrative ...
,
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
, is one of the country's major universities, named after the scientist
Élie Metchnikoff Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (russian: Илья Ильич Мечников; – 15 July 1916), also spelled Élie Metchnikoff, was a Russian zoologist best known for his pioneering research in immunology. Belkin, a Russian science historian, explains ...
(who studied immunology, microbiology, and evolutionary embryology), a Nobel prizewinner in 1908. The university was founded in 1865 by an edict of Tsar
Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Gra ...
, which reorganized the Richelieu Lyceum of Odesa into the new Imperial Novorossiya University. In the
Soviet era The history of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (USSR) reflects a period of change for both Russia and the world. Though the terms "Soviet Russia" and "Soviet Union" often are synonymous in everyday speech (either acknowledging the dominance ...
, the university was renamed Odesa I. I. Mechnykov State University (literally, "Odesa State University named after I. I. Mechnykov"). Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University comprises four institutes, ten faculties, and seven specialized councils. The university is famous for its
scientific library An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education institution and serves two complementary purposes: to support the curriculum and the research of the university faculty and students. It is unknown how many academic librar ...
, the largest and oldest of any university in Ukraine (3,600,000 million volumes, ranging from the 15th century to the present day).


Background

Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University is one of the oldest in Ukraine. It was founded in 1865, when by edict of the Russian Tsar Alexander II the Richelieu Lyceum ( uk, Рішельєвський ліцей, which had existed in Odesa since 1817) was reorganized into the Imperial Novorossiya (New Russia) University. All academic and scientific life of the university—from the day of its foundation—was directed by the statute of 1863 that formed the liberal-democratic tradition of the higher institution which has been preserved in spite of all the disturbances in the social and political life of the country. From the very first years of its existence, the Imperial Novorossiya University became an important center of science and for training the scientific and educational cadres of the northern Black Sea coastal region. World-famous teachers and scientists have worked at Imperial Novorossiya University during different times of its existence, including the Nobel Prize winner I. I. Mechnykov (after whom the university was later renamed), Professors
Ivan Sechenov Doctor Ivan Mikhaylovich Sechenov (russian: Ива́н Миха́йлович Се́ченов; , Tyoply Stan (now Sechenovo) near Simbirsk, Russia – , Moscow), was a Russian psychologist, physiologist, and medical scientist. The very fa ...
, A. A. Kovalevskiy, Mykola Hamaliya, N. D. Zelinskiy,
Dmitri Mendeleev Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (sometimes transliterated as Mendeleyev or Mendeleef) ( ; russian: links=no, Дмитрий Иванович Менделеев, tr. , ; 8 February Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._27_January.html" ;"title="O ...
, physicist G. A. Gamov, mathematician
Aleksandr Lyapunov Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov (russian: Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Ляпуно́в, ; – 3 November 1918) was a Russian mathematician, mechanician and physicist. His surname is variously romanized as Ljapunov, Liapunov, Liapo ...
, and others. Through their activities, the Imperial Novorossiya University quickly became one of the centers of the culture of the Ukrainian, Russian, and other peoples dwelling along the northern coast of the Black Sea, and the university began to play an important role in the development of science. The first Rector of the university was Professor I. Y. Sokolov. At different periods of time, the university was headed by Professors P. N. Lebedyev, A. I. Yurzhenko, A. V. Bogatskiy, V. V. Serdyuk, and I. P. Zelinskiy—all prominent specialists in different branches of knowledge. In 2013, ''
The Ukrainian Week ''The Ukrainian Week'' ( uk, Український Тиждень, translit=Ukrainskyi Tyzhden) is an illustrated weekly magazine covering politics, economics and the arts and aimed at the socially engaged Ukrainian-language reader. It provides ...
'' stated that members of the university staff were openly
Ukrainophobic Anti-Ukrainian sentiment, Ukrainophobia or anti-Ukrainianism is animosity towards Ukrainians, Ukrainian culture, the Ukrainian language, Ukraine as a nation, or all of the above.Andriy Okara. Ukrainophobia is a gnostic problem.n18texts Okara. Ret ...
.


Organization

The university is situated in two parts of the city and occupies about 70 hectares. It is divided into a number of faculties that are directly administered by the university. The university consists of ten faculties, four institutes, one college, two "preparatory departments" for citizens of Ukraine and foreign countries, 15 scientific-research laboratories, five scientific institutes, administration departments, experimental training shops, and nine dormitories for students, post-graduates, and trainees. The university has a sports and health rehabilitation complex with its own stadium and rest-base for the students, personnel, and university guests in the village of Chernomorka. In all university locations there are cafeterias, cafes, bars, and medical sections.


Departments

*Faculty of Biology; *Faculty of International Relationships, Politology and Sociology; *Faculty of Economics and Law; *Faculty of Geology and Geography; *Faculty of History and Philosophy; *Faculty of Journalism, Advertising, and Publishing; *Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Information Technologies; *Faculty of Psychology and Social Work; *Faculty of Romance and Germanic Philology; *Faculty of Chemistry.


Other

*College of Economics and Social Work; *University Preparatory Department; *Preparatory Department for International Students.


Science

*11 Scientific research laboratories; *Botanic garden of ONU; *Scientific-Research Institute of Physics; *Astronomic Observatory.


International cooperation

Odesa University has engaged in international cooperation at the regional and global levels for the past 150 years. The university is currently a member of the
European University Association The European University Association (EUA) represents more than 800 institutions of higher education in 48 countries, providing them with a forum for cooperation and exchange of information on higher education and research policies. Members of th ...
, the World Association of Universities, the Supervisory Board of Magna Charta, the Eurasian Association of Universities, the
Black Sea Universities Network The Black Sea Universities Network (BSUN) began in 1998 as part of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. The goal of this merger is the mutual exchange of experience in research and teaching and mutual recognition of qualifications ...
and the Danube Rectors Conference.


Ranking

*7th in Ukraine and 1844th in World, Ranking Web of Universities


Notable alumni

*
Ivan Sechenov Doctor Ivan Mikhaylovich Sechenov (russian: Ива́н Миха́йлович Се́ченов; , Tyoply Stan (now Sechenovo) near Simbirsk, Russia – , Moscow), was a Russian psychologist, physiologist, and medical scientist. The very fa ...
(1829–1905) – Russian
physiologist Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical a ...
*
Nikodim Kondakov Nikodim (or Nikodeme) Pavlovich Kondakov (russian: Никоди́м Па́влович Кондако́в; 1 (13) November 1844, Olshanka, Kursk Governorate, Russian Empire– 17 February 1925, Prague, Czechoslovakia), was an art ...
(1844–1925) – Russian historian, he founded modern method in
Byzantine art Byzantine art comprises the body of Christian Greek artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from the empire. Though the empire itself emerged from the decline of Rome and lasted ...
history *
Sergei Witte Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte (; ), also known as Sergius Witte, was a Russian statesman who served as the first prime minister of the Russian Empire, replacing the tsar as head of the government. Neither a liberal nor a conservative, he attract ...
(1849–1915) – first
prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...
of the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
*
Aleko Konstantinov Aleko Konstantinov ( bg, Алеко Константинов) (1 January 1863 – 11 May 1897) ( NS: 13 January 1863 – 23 May 1897) was a Bulgarian writer, best known for his character Bay Ganyo, one of the most popular characters in Bulgarian ...
(1863–1897) – prominent
Bulgarian Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bul ...
intellectual who founded the tourist movement in
Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...
* Volodymyr Lypsky (1863–1937) – Ukrainian botanist; member of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (in 1922—1928 — its president) and corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and the Director of the Botanical Gardens of Odesa University *
Mariusz Zaruski Mariusz Zaruski (18 January 1867 – 8 April 1941) was a brigadier-general in the Polish Army, a pioneer of Polish sports yachting, an outstanding climber of the winter and caves of Tatra Mountains. He was a photographer, painter, poet and writer ...
(1867–1941) – brigadier-general in the
Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stret ...
, a pioneer of Polish sports yachting *
Krste Misirkov Krste Petkov Misirkov ( bg, Кръсте (Кръстьо) Петков Мисирков; mk, Крсте Петков Мисирков, ; 18 November 1874 – 26 July 1926) was a philologist, journalist, historian and ethnographer from the regio ...
(1874–1926) – philologist, journalist, historian and ethnographer *
Ion Nistor Ion I. Nistor (August 16, 1876 – November 11, 1962) was a Romanian historian and politician. He was a titular member of the Romanian Academy from 1915 and a professor at the universities of Cernăuți and Bucharest, while also serving as Mini ...
(1876–1962) – prominent Romanian historian and politician *
Moses Schönfinkel Moses Ilyich Schönfinkel (russian: Моисей Исаевич Шейнфинкель, translit=Moisei Isai'evich Sheinfinkel; 29 September 1888 – 1942) was a logician and mathematician, known for the invention of combinatory logic. Life Mose ...
(1888–1942) – Russian
logic Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the science of deductively valid inferences or of logical truths. It is a formal science investigating how conclusions follow from premises ...
ian and mathematician *
Volodymyr Kedrowsky Volodymyr Kedrowsky ( uk, Володимир Кедровський; August 13, 1890Kedrowsky and Kuzych, 2003 – March 13, 1970) was a political activist, diplomat, writer, and a colonel in the army of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR). His ...
(1890–1970) – Ukrainian military leader, diplomat, author, and activist *
Lev Kritzman Lev Natanovich Kritzman (Russian: Лев Натанович Крицман; 16 June 1890 – 17 June 1938) was a Soviet Marxian economist who became a prominent advocate of state planning in the 1920s Soviet economy. However after 1929, his views ...
(1890–1938) – expelled 1910, later a Soviet agrarian economist * Nykolai Chebotaryov (1894–1947) – Ukrainian and Russian mathematician, best known for the
Chebotaryov density theorem Chebotarev's density theorem in algebraic number theory describes statistically the splitting of prime number, primes in a given Galois extension ''K'' of the field \mathbb of rational numbers. Generally speaking, a prime integer will factor into s ...
*
Gherman Pântea Gherman Vasile Pântea (; surname also spelled Pîntea; russian: Герман Васильевич Пынтя, translit=German Vasilyevich Pyntya; uk, Герман Васильович Пинтя, translit=Herman Vasylyovich Pyntia; May 13, 1894 ...
(1894–1968) –
Bessarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Be ...
n-born soldier who served as Military Director of the
Moldavian Democratic Republic The Moldavian Democratic Republic (MDR; ro, Republica Democratică Moldovenească, ), also known as the Moldavian Republic, was a state proclaimed on by the ''Sfatul Țării'' (National Council) of Bessarabia, elected in October–Novembe ...
*
Kadish Luz Kadish Luz ( he, קַדִּישׁ לוּז, born Kadish Luzinski; 10 January 1895 – 4 December 1972) was an Israeli politician who served as Minister of Agriculture between 1955 and 1959 and Speaker of the Knesset from 1959 and 1969.
(1895–1972) – Israeli politician who served as
Minister of Agriculture An agriculture ministry (also called an) agriculture department, agriculture board, agriculture council, or agriculture agency, or ministry of rural development) is a ministry charged with agriculture. The ministry is often headed by a minister f ...
between 1955 and 1959 and
Speaker of the Knesset The Speaker of the Knesset ( he, יוֹשֵׁב רֹאשׁ הכנסת, Yoshev Rosh HaKnesset, Chairman of the Knesset) is the presiding officer of the Knesset, the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of Israel. The Speaker also acts as Presiden ...
from 1959 and 1969 * Joshua L. Goldberg (1896–1994) – Belarusian-born American rabbi, who was the first rabbi to be commissioned as a
U.S. Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage o ...
chaplain in World War II (and only the third to serve in the Navy in its history), the first to reach the rank of Navy Captain (the equivalent of Army Colonel), and the first to retire after a full active-duty career *
Mordechai Namir Mordechai Namir ( he, מרדכי נמיר, born Mordechai Nemirovsky; 23 February 1897 – 22 February 1975) was an Israeli politician, who served as the mayor of Tel Aviv (1959–1969), a Knesset member and government minister, as well as b ...
(1897–1975) – Israeli minister *
George Gamow George Gamow (March 4, 1904 – August 19, 1968), born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov ( uk, Георгій Антонович Гамов, russian: Георгий Антонович Гамов), was a Russian-born Soviet and American polymath, theoreti ...
(1904–1968) –
theoretical physicist Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experimen ...
and
cosmologist Cosmology () is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe. The term ''cosmology'' was first used in English in 1656 in Thomas Blount's ''Glossographia'', and in 1731 taken up in Latin by German philosopher ...
– notably an early advocate and developer of Lemaître's
Big Bang theory The Big Bang event is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. Various cosmological models of the Big Bang explain the evolution of the observable universe from the ...
. * Petro Karyshkovsky (1921–1968)– Ukrainian historian, numismatist, a scholar and lexicographer. *
Ali Mohamed Shein Ali Mohamed Shein (born 13 March 1948) was the 7th President of Zanzibar, from 2010 to 2020. He was previously Vice President of Tanzania from 2001 to 2010. Shein is originally from the island of Pemba, and he is a member of the ruling Chama ...
(born 1948) – 7th
President of Zanzibar The President of Zanzibar ( sw, Rais wa Zanzibar) is the head of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, which is a semi-autonomous government within Tanzania. The current president is Hussein Mwinyi. The president is also the chairman of th ...
*
Alla Dzhioyeva Alla Aleksandrovna Dzhioyeva ( os, Джиоты Алыксандыры чызг Аллæ / Džioty Alyksandyry čyzg Allæ; russian: Алла Александровна Джиоева; born August 23, 1949) is a South Ossetian teacher turned polit ...
(born 1949) –
South Ossetia South Ossetia, ka, სამხრეთი ოსეთი, ( , ), officially the Republic of South Ossetia – the State of Alania, is a partially recognised landlocked state in the South Caucasus. It has an officially stated populat ...
n teacher turned politician, who served as the Education Minister in 2002–2008 * Yevhen Streltsov (born 1949) – Ukrainian professor *Emmanuil Galitskiy – original staff member and head physics professor at the Bergen County Academies,
New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...
*
Oksana Mas Oksana Mas is a Ukrainian contemporary artist and the organizer of "ArtTogether", a global interactive art project aimed at visualizing the new cultural code of the modern generation and uniting people at a time of political and social turmoil. ...
(born 1969) – Ukrainian artist


See also

*
List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945) The list of modern universities in Europe (1801–1940) contains all universities that were founded in Europe after the French Revolution and before the end of World War II. Universities are regarded as comprising all institutions of higher ed ...


References


External links

* {{coord, 46.4875, N, 30.7312, E, source:wikidata, display=title 1865 establishments in the Russian Empire Educational institutions established in 1865 National universities in Ukraine 1865 establishments in Ukraine