Origin recognition complex subunit 6 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that in humans is encoded by the ORC6 (ORC6L)
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Background
The
origin recognition complex
In molecular biology, origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multi-subunit DNA binding complex (6 subunits) that binds in all eukaryotes and archaea in an ATP-dependent manner to origins of replication. The subunits of this complex are encoded ...
(ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the
DNA replication
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part for biological inheritanc ...
in
eukaryotic
Eukaryotes () are organisms whose cells have a nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the three domains of life. Bacte ...
cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to
origins of replication
The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated. Propagation of the genetic material between generations requires timely and accurate duplication of DNA by semi ...
and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional
initiation factors Initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein biosynthesis.
Initiation factors can interact with repressors to slow down or prevent translation. They have the ...
such as
Cdc6
Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC6'' gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6, a protein essential for the initiation of DNA replication. ...
and
Mcm proteins.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. It has been shown that this protein and
ORC1
Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea.
Function
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subu ...
are loosely associated with the core complex consisting of
ORC2
Origin recognition complex subunit 2 is a protein that is encoded by the ORC2 (ORC2L) gene in humans.
Function
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA repl ...
,
-3,
-4 and
-5. Gene silencing studies with
small interfering RNA
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded RNA at first non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20-24 (normally 21) base pairs in length, similar to miRNA, and operating wi ...
demonstrated that this protein plays an essential role in coordinating chromosome replication and
segregation Segregation may refer to:
Separation of people
* Geographical segregation, rates of two or more populations which are not homogenous throughout a defined space
* School segregation
* Housing segregation
* Racial segregation, separation of humans ...
with
cytokinesis
Cytokinesis () is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells. Cytoplasmic division begins during or after the late stages of nuclear division in mitosis and meios ...
.
Interactions
ORC6 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with
MCM5
DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM5'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is structurally very similar to the CDC46 protein from S. cerevisiae, a protein involved in the initiat ...
,
ORC2
Origin recognition complex subunit 2 is a protein that is encoded by the ORC2 (ORC2L) gene in humans.
Function
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA repl ...
,
Replication protein A1
Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RPA1'' gene.
Interactions
Replication protein A1 has been shown to interact with:
* BRCA2,
* BLM,
* MCM2,
* MCM4,
* MCM6,
* MCM7,
* MUTYH,
* ...
,[ ]ORC4
Origin recognition complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC4 (ORC4L) gene.
Function
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replic ...
,[ ]DBF4
Protein DBF4 homolog A is a protein that is encoded by the ''DBF4'' gene in humans.
Interactions
DBF4 has been shown to interact with:
* Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase,
* MCM3,
* MCM7,
* ORC2L, and
* ORC6L
Origin recogniti ...
,[ ]ORC3
Origin recognition complex subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC3 (ORC3L) gene.
Function
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA repl ...
,[ ]CDC45-related protein
CDC45 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC45L'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA r ...
,[ ]MCM4
DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM4'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the i ...
[ and ]Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase
Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC7'' gene. The Cdc7 kinase is involved in regulation of the cell cycle at the point of chromosomal DNA replication. The gene CDC7 appears to be conserv ...
.[
]
References
Further reading
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External links
PDBe-KB
provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Origin recognition complex (ORC6)
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