Nguyễn Hữu Chỉnh ( vi-hantu, 阮有整, 1741–1788) was an official during the

Revival Lê dynasty The Revival Lê dynasty ( vi, Nhà Lê trung hưng 茹黎中興; Hán-Việt: 黎中興朝 ''Lê trung hưng triều''), also called the Later Lê Restoration, was a Vietnamese dynasty that existed between 1533 and 1789. The Primal Lê dynasty ( ...

in Vietnam. Chỉnh was a disciple of Hoàng Ngũ Phúc. He had been sent to Tây Sơn as a diplomat.

Nguyễn Nhạc Nguyễn Nhạc ( vi-hantu, 阮岳, died 1793) was the founder of the Tây Sơn dynasty, reigning from 1778 to 1788. From 1778 to 1788, Nguyễn Nhạc proclaimed himself Emperor Thái Đức ( vi-hantu, 泰德). In 1788 after his younger bro ...

admired him for his eloquence. Later, Chỉnh became Hoàng Đình Bảo's right hand. In 1782, Bảo was killed by Trịnh Khải, and Chỉnh fled to Tây Sơn. In 1786, he encouraged

Nguyễn Huệ Emperor Quang Trung ( vi-hantu, 光中, 1753 – 16 September 1792) or Nguyễn Huệ ( vi-hantu, 阮惠), also known as Nguyễn Quang Bình ( vi-hantu, 阮光平), was the second emperor of the Tây Sơn dynasty, reigning from 1788 until 17 ...

to march north. Trịnh lord was overthrown by Huệ. Lê Hiển Tông, the emperor of Lê dynasty, met Huệ in the palace. Chỉnh suggest that Huệ should recognized the dominance of Lê dynasty in northern Vietnam (

Đàng Ngoài Đàng Ngoài ( vi-hantu, 唐外, lit. "Outer Land"), also known as Tonkin, Bắc Hà (北河, "North of the River") or '' Kingdom of Annam'' (安南國) by foreigners, was an area in northern Đại Việt (now Vietnam) during the 17th and 18th ...

), and married with Princess Lê Ngọc Hân. It was accepted by Huệ, and Tây Sơn retreated from northern Vietnam. But Huệ regarded Chỉnh as a traitor to Trịnh lord, and left him in northern Vietnam.''

Việt Nam sử lược ( vi-hantu, 越南史略, french: Précis d'Histoire du Việt-Nam, lit. "Outline History of Vietnam"), was the first history text published in the Vietnamese and the Vietnamese alphabet. It was compiled by Vietnamese historian Trần Trọng Ki ...

'', Quyển 2, Chương 9 Chỉnh had to stay in his birthland, Nghệ An Province.'' Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện'', vol. 30''

Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư The ''Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư'' ( vi-hantu, 大越史記全書; ; ''Complete Annals of Đại Việt'') is the official national chronicle of the Vietnamese state, that was originally compiled by the royal historian Ngô Sĩ Liên under ...

'' Basic Records, continued compilation 5 Trịnh Lords members took advantage of Nguyễn Huệ's absence. Two Trinh heirs, Trịnh Bồng and Trịnh Lệ (鄭棣), appeared and made their claims to the lord throne. Northern Vietnam felt into chaos.

Lê Chiêu Thống Lê Chiêu Thống (1765–1793), born Lê Duy Khiêm and later Lê Duy Kỳ, was the last emperor of the Vietnamese Later Lê dynasty. He was overthrown by the Tây Sơn dynasty. He appealed to the Qing dynasty of China to help regain the thro ...

, the successor of Lê Hiển Tông, asked for assistance from Chỉnh. Chỉnh led an army marched north, easily defeated Trinh army, forced Trịnh Bồng to flee and captured

Thăng Long Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi i ...

(mordern

Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...

). Chỉnh was elevated to '' Đại Tư Đồ'' (大司徒 "Minister over the Masses") and granted the title Bằng Trung công (鵬忠公 "Duke of Bằng Trung"), and became the ''de facto'' ruler of northern Vietnam just like

Trịnh lords The Trịnh lords ( vi, Chúa Trịnh; Chữ Nôm: 主鄭; 1545–1787), formal title Trịnh Viceroy (; ), also known as Trịnh clan (鄭氏, ''Trịnh thị'') or the House of Trịnh, were a noble feudal clan who de facto ruled Northern Viet ...

before.''

'', Quyển 2, Chương 10 After learning about actions of Chỉnh, Nguyễn Huệ sent north a general named Vũ Văn Nhậm with an army to attack Thăng Long. Chỉnh was swiftly defeated and fled together with Lê Chiêu Thống. He was captured by Nhậm, and executed in Thăng Long.

References

1741 births 1788 deaths Mandarins of the Trịnh lords Generals of the Trịnh lords Lê dynasty generals Lê dynasty officials People of Revival Lê dynasty Tây Sơn dynasty generals Tây Sơn dynasty officials People from Nghệ An province People executed by Vietnam Executed Vietnamese people {{Vietnam-stub