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Nantou County (;
Hokkien The Hokkien () variety of Chinese is a Southern Min language native to and originating from the Minnan region, where it is widely spoken in the south-eastern part of Fujian in southeastern mainland China. It is one of the national languages in ...
POJ: ''Lâm-tâu-koān'';
Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...
PFS: ''Nàm-thèu-yen'') is the second largest
county A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
of
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
by area, located in the central part of the country. It is also the only non-coastal county in Taiwan. Its name derives from the
Hoanya The Hoanya () are a Taiwanese Aboriginal people who live primarily in Changhua County, Chiayi City, Nantou County, and near Tainan City. Their language, Hoanya, is now extinct. The Lloa people and Arikun people are generally considered to be a ...
Taiwanese aboriginal Taiwanese indigenous peoples (formerly Taiwanese aborigines), also known as Formosan people, Austronesian Taiwanese, Yuanzhumin or Gaoshan people, are the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, with the nationally recognized subgroups numbering about ...
word ''Ramtau''. Its mountainous area makes it a tourist destination;
Sun Moon Lake Sun Moon Lake (; Thao: ''Zintun'') is a lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the largest body of water in Taiwan. The area around the lake is home to the Thao tribe, one of aboriginal tribes of Taiwan. Sun Moon Lake surrou ...
is located in this county. Other well-known sightseeing of the county including Aowanda,
Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village The Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village () is an amusement park in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan which has been in operation since 1986.Hehuanshan, Paper Dome, Qingjing Farm, Shanlinxi, Shuiyuan Suspension Bridge and Xitou. Notable cities in Nantou are
Nantou City Nantou City (Mandarin Pīnyīn: ''Nántóu Shì''; Hokkien POJ: ''Lâm-tâu-chhī'') is a county-administered city located in the northwest of Nantou County, Taiwan. It lies between the Bagua Mountains and the Maoluo River and is the cou ...
and Puli Town. The official butterfly of Nantou County is the broad-tailed swallowtail butterfly (''Agehana maraho''). Nantou's tung-ting tea is one of the most famous and high-quality
oolong Oolong (, ; (''wūlóngchá'', "dark dragon" tea)) is a traditional semi-oxidized Chinese tea ('' Camellia sinensis)'' produced through a process including withering the plant under strong sun and oxidation before curling and twisting.Zhonggu ...
teas grown in Taiwan.


History


Early history

Before the arrival of
Han Chinese The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive va ...
to Nantou, the Atayal, Bunun and Tsou tribes were distributed throughout the northern and central Nantou. These groups pioneered the early development of mountain regions in Nantou.


Kingdom of Tungning

In 1677, Lin Yi (), a general under the command of
Koxinga Zheng Chenggong, Prince of Yanping (; 27 August 1624 – 23 June 1662), better known internationally as Koxinga (), was a Ming loyalist general who resisted the Qing conquest of China in the 17th century, fighting them on China's southeastern ...
, led soldiers to establish residence in ' (modern-day Zhushan). The
Han Chinese The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive va ...
began to enter Nantou via two main routes, the
Zhuoshui River The Zhuoshui River, also spelled Choshui or Jhuoshuei River, () is the longest river in Taiwan. It flows from its source in Nantou County up to the western border of the county, subsequently forming the border between Yunlin County and Changhua ...
and
Maoluo River The Maoluo River () is a tributary of the Wu River (Dadu River) in Taiwan. It is the main tributary on the left bank of the Wu River. Originating from the Jialishan Range, it flows east of the Bagua Plateau through Nantou County, Changhua County, ...
.


Japanese rule

In 1901, during Japanese rule, was one of twenty local administrative offices established. In 1909, part of was merged into Nanto Cho. A major reorganization occurred in 1920, in which the area was administered under
Taichū Prefecture was one of the administrative divisions of Japanese Taiwan. The prefecture consisted of modern-day Taichung City, Changhua County and Nantou County. It is also the origin of the name of modern-day Taichung. The Taichū Prefecture was the scene ...
together with modern-day
Changhua County Changhua County (Mandarin Pinyin: ''Zhānghuà Xiàn''; Wade-Giles: ''Chang¹-hua⁴ Hsien⁴''; Hokkien POJ: ''Chiang-hòa-koān'' or ''Chiong-hòa-koān'') is the smallest county on the main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest ...
and
Taichung City Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Tai ...
.


Republic of China

After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
on 25 October 1945, the present day area of Nantou County was administered under
Taichung County Taichung County was a county in central Taiwan between 1945 and 2010. The county seat was in Yuanlin Township before 1950 and Fongyuan City after 1950. History Taichung County was established on 26 November 1945 on the territory of Taichū P ...
of
Taiwan Province Taiwan Province (; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ, PFS: ''Thòi-vàn-sén'' or ''Thòi-vân-sén'') is a nominal Administrative divisions of Taiwan, administrative division of the Taiwan, Republic of China (ROC). Its definition has remained part of the Constit ...
. On 16 August 1950, Nantou County was established by its separation from Taichung County, and Nantou Township was designed as the
county seat A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is in use in Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, Taiwan, and the United States. The equivalent term shire town is used in the US st ...
. On 1 July 1957, the
Zhongxing New Village Zhongxing New Village, sometimes rendered as Chunghsing New Village is an urban village located in Nantou City, Nantou County, Taiwan (ROC) and was until 2018, when the Taiwan Provincial Government was abolished, was the seat of government of ...
in Nantou Township was designed to be the capital of
Taiwan Province Taiwan Province (; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ, PFS: ''Thòi-vàn-sén'' or ''Thòi-vân-sén'') is a nominal Administrative divisions of Taiwan, administrative division of the Taiwan, Republic of China (ROC). Its definition has remained part of the Constit ...
from the former
Taipei City Taipei (), officially Taipei City, is the Capital city, capital and a Special municipality (Taiwan), special municipality of the Taiwan, Republic of China (Taiwan). Located in Regions of Taiwan, Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of t ...
. In 1981, the county seat was upgraded from Nantou
Township A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...
to Nantou
City A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
. The
Chi-Chi earthquake The Chi-Chi earthquake (later also known as the Jiji earthquake) (), also known as the great earthquake of September 21 (), was a 7.3  ML or 7.7  Mw earthquake which occurred in Jiji (Chi-Chi), Nantou County, Taiwan on Tuesday, 21 S ...
occurred in 1999.


Geography

Nantou County has an area of with a width of and length of . It is the second largest county in Taiwan after
Hualien County Hualien County ( Mandarin Wade–Giles: Hua¹-lien² Hsien⁴; Pīnyīn: ''Huālián Xiàn''; Hokkien POJ: ''Hoa-lian-koān'' or ''Hoa-liân-koān''; Hakka PFS: ''Fâ-lièn-yen''; Amis: ''Kalingko'') is a county on the east coast of Taiwan. I ...
. There are 41 mountains with peaks over 3,000 meters high, with Mount Yu in Xinyi Township is the highest peak in Nantou County and in Taiwan with a height of 3,952 meters. Around 83% of Nantou County area is covered by hills and mountains. Rain that falls into the mountains area converge into the
Dadu River The Dadu River (), known in Tibetan as the Gyelmo Ngul Chu, is a major river located primarily in Sichuan province, southwestern China. The Dadu flows from the eastern Tibetan Plateau into the Sichuan Basin where it joins with the Min River, a t ...
and
Zhuoshui River The Zhuoshui River, also spelled Choshui or Jhuoshuei River, () is the longest river in Taiwan. It flows from its source in Nantou County up to the western border of the county, subsequently forming the border between Yunlin County and Changhua ...
. There are inland ponds and lakes throughout the mountains in the county, such as the
Sun Moon Lake Sun Moon Lake (; Thao: ''Zintun'') is a lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the largest body of water in Taiwan. The area around the lake is home to the Thao tribe, one of aboriginal tribes of Taiwan. Sun Moon Lake surrou ...
, Bi Pond, Liyu Pond and Cilin Pond.


Climate

The annual average temperature in Nantou County is on level ground and on mountains. The annual average rainfall is less than on level ground and on mountains. The rainy season lasts from April to September and the dry season lasts from October to March.


Government

Nantou County consists of 1
city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
, 4 urban
townships A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...
, 6 rural townships, 2 mountain indigenous townships, 128 villages and 133 neighborhoods.
Nantou City Nantou City (Mandarin Pīnyīn: ''Nántóu Shì''; Hokkien POJ: ''Lâm-tâu-chhī'') is a county-administered city located in the northwest of Nantou County, Taiwan. It lies between the Bagua Mountains and the Maoluo River and is the cou ...
is the seat of the county which houses the
Nantou County Government The Nantou County Government () is the local government of Nantou County, Taiwan. History The county government was established on 21 October 1950. Administrative divisions * Police Bureau * Fire Bureau * Environmental Protection Bureau * Ta ...
and
Nantou County Council The Nantou County Council (NTCC; ) is the elected county council of Nantou County, Republic of China. The council composes of 37 councilors lastly elected through the 2018 Republic of China local election on 24 November 2018. Organization Comm ...
. The incumbent
Magistrate The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome, a '' magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judici ...
of Nantou County is
Lin Ming-chen Lin Ming-chen () is a politician in the Republic of China. He has been the Magistrate of Nantou County since 25 December 2014. Education Lin earned his bachelor's degree in architecture from China Junior College of Technology and master's degr ...
of the
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...
.


Administrative divisions

Colors indicate statutory language status of
Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...
and
Formosan languages The Formosan languages are a geographic grouping comprising the languages of the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, all of which are Austronesian. They do not form a single subfamily of Austronesian but rather nine separate subfamilies. The Taiwa ...
in the respective subdivisions.


Politics

南投縣 Nantou County voted two
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...
legislators out of two seats to be in the
Legislative Yuan The Legislative Yuan is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan) located in Taipei. The Legislative Yuan is composed of 113 members, who are directly elected for 4-year terms by people of the Taiwan Area through a parallel v ...
during the 2016 Republic of China legislative election.


Demographics and culture


Population

Nantou County has a population of 492,733 people as of January 2020. * The following information is as of June 202
資料
* The population growth and decline is calculated by subtracting the population of the previous month from the current month’s population. Negative values are represented by red letters, positive values are represented by blue letters, and no growth is represented by green letters. * The population density of each district is calculated by rounding 4 to 5 to 1 decimal place * Population growth： ** 高度成長 High growth （年成長率高於1%） ：NA（updated 2020） ** 穩定成長 Steady growth （年成長率0.1%~1%） ：草屯 Caotun ** 成長停滯 Stagnant growth（年成長率±0.1%） ：NA（updated 2020） ** 輕度流失 Mild loss （年成長率-0.5%~-0.1%）：南投、仁愛 ** 中度流失 Moderate Churn （年成長率-1%~-0.5%） ：埔里Puli、名間、魚池 ** 高度流失 High churn （年成長率-2%~-1%） ：鹿谷、竹山、中寮、信義、水里、集集 ** 嚴重流失 Severe drain （年成長率低於-2%） ：國姓


Language

The official language of the county is
Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...
.
Taiwanese Hokkien Taiwanese Hokkien () (; Tâi-lô: ''Tâi-uân-uē''), also known as Taigi/Taigu (; Pe̍h-ōe-jī/Tâi-lô: ''Tâi-gí / Tâi-gú''), Taiwanese, Taiwanese Minnan, Hoklo and Holo, is a variety of the Hokkien language spoken natively by about 70% ...
,
Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...
, English and
aboriginal languages Aboriginal language may refer to: * Indigenous language * Australian Aboriginal languages * Taiwanese aboriginal languages * Indigenous languages of the Americas * Aboriginal Malay languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-P ...
are also spoken.


Education

There are 2 colleges, 13 senior high and vocational schools, 30 junior high schools, 149 elementary schools, 106 kindergartens and 84 day care centers in the county. Notable universities in the county are
National Chi Nan University National Chi Nan University (NCNU; )The name of the university is translated using Chinese word order. By English grammar rules, it is Chi Nan National University. is a university located in Puli Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. History Fou ...
,
National Chung Hsing University National Chung Hsing University (NCHU; ) is a research-led comprehensive university in South District, Taichung, Republic of China. Currently, NCHU is among the four universities of the Taiwan Comprehensive University System, a research-led ...
and Nan Kai University of Technology.


Energy

Nantou County houses Taiwan's first pumped-storage hydroelectric power plant, the Takuan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant commissioned in 1985 with an installed capacity of 1,008 MW. It also houses Taiwan's largest pumped-storage hydroelectric power plant, the
Mingtan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant The Mingtan Dam () is a dam that spans the Shuili River about downstream from the outlet of Sun Moon Lake in central Taiwan with a height of about . It forms Mingtan Reservoir which is the lower reservoir for the Mingtan Pumped Storage Hydro ...
with an installed capacity of 1,602 MW. Both power plants are located in Shuili Township along the Shuili River.


Sports

Notable sporting events held by Nantou County include: * 2003 Asian Canoe Slalom Championships * 2011 Asian Women's Softball Championship * 2013 Asian Canoe Slalom Championships


Tourist attractions

*
Chung Tai Chan Monastery Chung Tai Chan Monastery () is a Buddhist monastery located in Puli Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the headquarters of Chung Tai Shan, an international Chan Buddhist order. It is the tallest and one of the largest monasteries in both ...
* Ci En Pagoda * Paper Dome * Fonghuanggu Bird and Ecology Park *
Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village The Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village () is an amusement park in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan which has been in operation since 1986.Geographic center of Taiwan Geographic center of Taiwan is the geographical center, center point of Taiwan Island. It is located at ''Hutoushan'', "Tiger Head Mountain") in the township of Puli, Nantou, Puli in Nantou County, Taiwan. History The first Geographic Center ...
*
Jufang Hall The Jufang Hall () is a historical building in Nantou City, Nantou County, Taiwan. History The building was originally built in 1922 as Nantou District Produce Exhibition. In 1945 after World War II, the building was used to station troops and i ...
*
Lalu Island Lalu Island (Thao language: Lalu; ) is a small island in Sun Moon Lake, Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. The island used to be much bigger, separating the lake into a part shaped like crescent moon and another part shaped like a round sun ...
* Ming Shan Resort * Nantou County Culture Park * Qingjing Farm * Shanlinxi Forest Recreation Area * Shuiyuan Suspension Bridge *
Sun Moon Lake Sun Moon Lake (; Thao: ''Zintun'') is a lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the largest body of water in Taiwan. The area around the lake is home to the Thao tribe, one of aboriginal tribes of Taiwan. Sun Moon Lake surrou ...
*
Sun Moon Lake Wen Wu Temple The Sun Moon Lake Wen Wu Temple () is a Wen Wu temple located on the perimeter of Sun Moon Lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. History Previously, two temples were located on the coast of Sun Moon Lake. In 1919, the Japanese colon ...
*
Taroko National Park Taroko National Park () is one of the nine national parks in Taiwan and was named after the Taroko Gorge, the landmark gorge of the park carved by the Liwu River. The park spans Taichung Municipality, Nantou County, and Hualien County and is lo ...
*
Wushe Incident Memorial Park The Wushe Incident Memorial Park () is a memorial park in Ren'ai Township, Nantou County, Taiwan commemorating the Musha Incident in 1930. History The park was set up by the government to commemorate the Seediq people who perished during the ...
* Xitou Nature Education Area * Xuanzang Temple *
Yushan National Park Yushan National Park () is one of the nine national parks in Taiwan and was named after the summit Yushan, the highest peak of the park.Zhushan Zinan Temple


Transportation


Rail


Taiwan Railways Administration

Nantou County is served by the
Jiji Line The Jiji Line () is a branch line of the Taiwan Railways Administration, located in Changhua and Nantou Counties in Taiwan. The length of the line is 29.7 km. History The line was originally built by Taipower in 1922 to facilitate the c ...
of Taiwan Railways which consists of Zhuoshui,
Longquan Longquan () is a county-level city and former county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Lishui in southwestern Zhejiang Province, China, located on the upper reaches of the Ou River and bordering Fujian province to the sout ...
, Jiji,
Shuili Shuili TownshipChecheng railway stations.


Taiwan High Speed Rail

Although Nantou County does not have a high speed rail station, high speed rail can be accessed by bus to
Taichung HSR station Taichung HSR () is a railway and metro station in Wuri District, Taichung, Taiwan. It is served by Taiwan High Speed Rail and the Green Line of the Taichung Metro. The station is adjacent to Xinwuri Station of Taiwan Railway Administration. ...
.


See also

*
Administrative divisions of the Republic of China The Republic of China (Taiwan) is divided into multi-layered statutory subdivisions. Due to the complex political status of Taiwan, there is a significant difference in the ''de jure'' system set out in the original constitution and the ''de ...


References


External links


Nantou County Government
* {{Taiwan Nantou divisions