''Notropis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, especially the difference in levels of s ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest verte ...

. They are known commonly as eastern shiners.''Notropis''
Système canadien d’information sur la biodiversité (SCIB) They are native to North America, and are the continent's second largest genus.McAllister, C.T., Layher, W.G., Robison, H.W. & Buchanan, T.M. (2009)
New Distribution Records for Three Species of ''Notropis'' (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Large Rivers of Arkansas.
''Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, 63: 192-194.'' A 1997

phylogenetic analysis In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

placed the genus in a

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

with ''

Campostoma ''Campostoma'', the stonerollers, is a genus of cyprinid fish found in North America. There are currently six species recognized for this genus. Species * '' Campostoma anomalum'' (Rafinesque, 1820) (Central stoneroller) * '' Campostoma oligole ...

'', ''

Cyprinella ''Cyprinella'' is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. They are known as the satinfin shiners. They are native to North America, and some are among the most common freshwater fish species on the eastern side of the con ...

'', ''

Phenacobius ''Phenacobius'', the suckermouth minnows, is a genus of cyprinid fishes endemic to the United States. Historically the suckermouth minnow was not found as far eastward as Ohio, now they seem to be a stable species living throughout the Midwest an ...

'', ''

Platygobio The flathead chub (''Platygobio gracilis'') is a species of fish in the carp family, Cyprinidae. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Platygobio''.Froese, R. and D. Pauly, Eds. (2011)''Platygobio''.FishBase. It is native to North Americ ...

'' and ''

Rhinichthys ''Rhinichthys'', known as the riffle daces, is a genus of freshwater fish in the carp family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes. The type species is ''Rhinichthys atratulus'', the blacknose dace. ''Rhinichthys'' species range throughout Nor ...

''.Simons, A.M. & Mayden, R. (1997)
Phylogenetic Relationships of the Creek Chubs and the Spine-Fins: an Enigmatic Group of North American Cyprinid Fishes (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae).
''Cladistics, 13 (3): 187-205.'' The

systematics Biological systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: cladograms, phylogenetic tre ...

of the genus is still unclear. It has not been confirmed to be

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

. While it has been divided into several subgenera and

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

groups, the relationships between the taxa are not yet understood.Cashner, M.F., Piller, K.R. & Bart, H.L. (2011)
Phylogenetic relationships of the North American cyprinid subgenus ''Hydrophlox''.
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59 (3): 725-735.''

Characteristics

Members of the genus ''Notropis'' have eight dorsal rays and usually have no barbel (with the exception of

Redeye chub Redeye chub (''Notropis harperi'') is a species of cyprinid Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is t ...

). Scales for most species are not usually that much taller than they are wide. Their scales are usually not diamond shaped. Their intestines are short and usually have one loop at the front.

Species

There are currently 88 recognized species in this genus: Notropis girardi

* ''

Notropis aguirrepequenoi ''Notropis aguirrepequenoi'' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. Its common name is the Soto la Marina shiner. It is endemic to Mexico, where it occurs in the lower Rio Grande The Rio Grande ( and ), kn ...

'' Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Tiellery, 1973 (Soto la Marina shiner) * '' Notropis albizonatus''

Warren A warren is a network of wild rodent or lagomorph, typically rabbit burrows. Domestic warrens are artificial, enclosed establishment of animal husbandry dedicated to the raising of rabbits for meat and fur. The term evolved from the medieval Angl ...

& Burr, 1994 (Palezone shiner) * '' Notropis alborus'' C. L. Hubbs & Raney, 1947 (Whitemouth shiner) * '' Notropis altipinnis'' (

Cope The cope (known in Latin as ''pluviale'' 'rain coat' or ''cappa'' 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colours, litu ...

, 1870) (Highfin shiner) * ''

Notropis amabilis The Texas shiner (''Notropis amabilis'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Notropis''. It is found in the Colorado River to Rio Grande River, Rio Grande drainage from Texas and northeastern Mexico and the Rio Salado (Mexico), Rio Sala ...

'' ( Girard, 1856) (Texas shiner) * '' Notropis amecae'' Chernoff &

R. R. Miller Robert Rush Miller (April 23, 1916 – February 10, 2003) "was an important figure in American ichthyology and conservation from 1940 to the 1990s." He was born in Colorado Springs, earned his bachelor's degree at University of California, Berke ...

, 1986 (Ameca shiner) * '' Notropis ammophilus'' Suttkus &

Boschung Bushong is a surname found mostly in the United States, derived from the surname Boschung found mainly in Switzerland, but also in the Palatinate and other regions in Western Europe. Surname history The American surname, ''Bushong'' and variant ' ...

, 1990 (Orangefin shiner) * '' Notropis amoenus'' ( C. C. Abbott, 1874) (Comely shiner) * '' Notropis anogenus'' S. A. Forbes, 1885 (Pugnose shiner) * '' Notropis ariommus'' (

, 1867) (Popeye shiner) * '' Notropis asperifrons'' Suttkus & Raney, 1955 (Burrhead shiner) * ''

Notropis atherinoides The emerald shiner (''Notropis atherinoides'') is one of hundreds of small, silvery, slender fish species known as shiners. The identifying characteristic of the emerald shiner is the silvery emerald color on its sides. It can grow to 3.5 ...

Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; October 22, 1783September 18, 1840) was a French 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimat ...

, 1818 (Emerald shiner) * '' Notropis atrocaudalis'' Evermann, 1892 (Blackspot shiner) * †'' Notropis aulidion'' Chernoff &

, 1986 (Durango shiner) * '' Notropis baileyi'' Suttkus & Raney, 1955 (Rough shiner) * '' Notropis bairdi'' C. L. Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 (Red River shiner) * '' Notropis bifrenatus'' (

, 1867) (Bridle shiner) * '' Notropis blennius'' ( Girard, 1856) (River shiner) * '' Notropis boops'' C. H. Gilbert, 1884 (Bigeye shiner) * '' Notropis boucardi'' ( Günther, 1868) (Balsas shiner) * ''

Notropis braytoni The Tamaulipas shiner (''Notropis braytoni'') is a small North American freshwater fish, living in the Rio Grande drainage in Texas and northern Mexico. References * Tamaulipas Tamaulipas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State ...

'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1896 (Tamaulipas shiner) * '' Notropis buccula'' F. B. Cross, 1953 (Smalleye shiner) * ''

Notropis buchanani The ghost shiner (''Notropis buchanani'') is a North American species of freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae. It is generally characterized as being a small bodied, silvery and fusiform shaped cyprinid.Holm, E. and J. Houston. 1993. "Status ...

Meek Meekness is an attribute of human nature and behavior that has been defined as an amalgam of righteousness, inner humility, and patience. Meekness has been contrasted with humility alone insomuch as humility simply refers to an attitude towards o ...

, 1896 (Ghost shiner) * '' Notropis cahabae'' Mayden & Kuhajda, 1989 (Cahaba shiner) * '' Notropis calabazas''

J. Lyons J. Lyons & Co. was a British restaurant chain, food manufacturing, and hotel conglomerate founded in 1884 by Joseph Lyons and his brothers in law, Isidore and Montague Gluckstein. Lyons’ first teashop opened in Piccadilly, London in 1894, a ...

& Mercado-Silva, 2004 (Calabazas shiner) * '' Notropis calientis'' D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1899 (Yellow shiner) * '' Notropis candidus'' Suttkus, 1980 (Silverside shiner) * '' Notropis chalybaeus'' (

, 1867) (Ironcolor shiner) * '' Notropis chihuahua'' Woolman, 1892 (Chihuahua shiner) * '' Notropis chiliticus'' (

, 1870) (Redlip shiner) * '' Notropis chlorocephalus'' (

, 1870) (Greenhead shiner) * ''

Notropis chrosomus The rainbow shiner (''Notropis chrosomus'') is a North American species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Notropis''. The rainbow shiner has a length of 5 to 8 centimeters. It has translucent color from pink to golden with a silver-black stripe a ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Rainbow shiner) * '' Notropis cumingii'' ( Günther, 1868) (Atoyac chub) * '' Notropis cummingsae'' G. S. Myers, 1925 (Dusky shiner) * '' Notropis dorsalis'' ( Agassiz, 1854) (Bigmouth shiner) * '' Notropis edwardraneyi'' Suttkus & Clemmer, 1968 (Fluvial shiner) * ''

Notropis girardi The Arkansas River shiner (''Notropis girardi'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Notropis''. It is native to part of the central United States. Historically this shiner was widespread and abundant throughout the western portions of ...

'' C. L. Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 (Arkansas River shiner) * '' Notropis grandis'' Domínguez-Domínguez, Pérez-Rodríguez, Escalera-Vázquez & Doadrio, 2009 (Zacapu shiner) * '' Notropis greenei'' C. L. Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 (Wedgespot shiner) * '' Notropis harperi'' (Fowler, 1941), (

) * ''

Notropis heterodon The blackchin shiner (''Notropis heterodon'') is an abundant North American species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae. Described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1865, it is not a well-known species. It is a close relative of the blacknose ...

'' (

, 1865) (Blackchin shiner) * ''

Notropis heterolepis The blacknose shiner (''Notropis heterolepis'') is a species of fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae. Description The blacknose shiner is a soft-rayed species up to 9.8 cm with toothless jaws, but gill arches that contain one or two ro ...

'' C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1893 (Blacknose shiner) * '' Notropis hudsonius'' ( Clinton, 1824) (Spottail shiner) * '' Notropis hypsilepis'' Suttkus & Raney, 1955 (Highscale shiner) * ''

Notropis jemezanus The Rio Grande shiner (''Notropis jemezanus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Mexico and the United States. References Rio Grande The Rio Grande ( and ), known in Mexico as the Río Bravo de ...

'' (

, 1875) (Rio Grande shiner) * ''

Notropis leuciodus The Tennessee shiner (''Notropis leuciodus'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to the southeastern United States. Description This is a slender minnow about 5 to 6.5 centimeters long. A lateral ba ...

'' (

, 1868) (Tennessee shiner) * '' Notropis longirostris'' ( O. P. Hay, 1881) (Longnose shiner) * ''

Notropis lutipinnis The yellowfin shiner (''Notropis lutipinnis'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Notropis''. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it occurs in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia Georgia most commonly refers ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1878) (Yellowfin shiner) * ''

Notropis maculatus The taillight shiner (''Notropis maculatus'') is a species of freshwater fish in the cyprinid family. It is commonly found in the south-eastern USA. Distribution and habitat The taillight shiner is found in the lower Mississippi River basin, par ...

'' ( O. P. Hay, 1881) (Taillight shiner) * '' Notropis marhabatiensis'' Domínguez-Domínguez, Pérez-Rodríguez, Escalera-Vázquez & Doadrio, 2009 (Maravatío shiner) * '' Notropis megalops'' ( Girard, 1856) Conway, K.W. & Kim, D. (2016): Redescription of the Texas Shiner ''Notropis amabilis'' from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico with the reinstatement of ''N. megalops'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (4): 305-340.'' * ''

Notropis mekistocholas The Cape Fear shiner (''Notropis mekistocholas'') is a North American species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the central part of the state of North Carolina in the southeastern United States, and is only found in t ...

'' Snelson, 1971 (Cape Fear shiner) * '' Notropis melanostomus'' Bortone, 1989 (Blackmouth shiner) * '' Notropis micropteryx'' (

, 1868) (Highland shiner) * '' Notropis moralesi'' F. de Buen, 1955 (Papaloapan chub) * ''

Notropis nazas The Nazas shiner (''Notropis nazas'') is a species of cyprinid fish. It is endemic to Mexico and known from Nazas River at Santiago Papasquiaro in the Durango Durango (), officially named Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango ( en, Free and Sove ...

, 1904 (Nazas shiner) * '' Notropis nubilus'' ( S. A. Forbes, 1878) (Ozark minnow) * †''

Notropis orca The phantom shiner (''Notropis orca'') is an extinct species of fish. It was once endemic to the Rio Grande basin and ranged from central New Mexico to southernmost Texas and adjacent Tamaulipas. It was once found in the warm water reaches of the ...

'' Woolman, 1894 (Phantom shiner) * '' Notropis ortenburgeri'' C. L. Hubbs, 1927 (Kiamichi shiner) * '' Notropis oxyrhynchus'' C. L. Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 (Sharpnose shiner) * '' Notropis ozarcanus''

, 1891 (Ozark shiner) * '' Notropis percobromus'' (

, 1871) (Carmine shiner) * '' Notropis perpallidus'' C. L. Hubbs & J. D. Black, 1940 (Peppered shiner) * '' Notropis petersoni'' Fowler, 1942 (Coastal shiner) * '' Notropis photogenis'' (

, 1865) (Silver shiner) * '' Notropis potteri'' C. L. Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 (Chub shiner) * '' Notropis procne'' (

, 1865) (Swallowtail shiner) * '' Notropis rafinesquei'' Suttkus, 1991 (Yazoo shiner) * '' Notropis rubellus'' ( Agassiz, 1850) (Rosyface shiner) * '' Notropis rubricroceus'' (

, 1868) (Saffron shiner) * '' Notropis rupestris''

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, 1987 (Bedrock shiner) * '' Notropis sabinae'' D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1886 (Sabine shiner) * †''

Notropis saladonis The Salado shiner (''Notropis saladonis'') is an extinct species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It was found only in the Rio Salado, a tributary of the Rio Grande in northern Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the ...

'' C. L. Hubbs & C. Hubbs, 1958 (Salado shiner) * '' Notropis scabriceps'' (

, 1868) (New River shiner) * '' Notropis scepticus'' ( D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1883) (Sandbar shiner) * '' Notropis semperasper'' C. R. Gilbert, 1961 (Roughhead shiner) * '' Notropis shumardi'' ( Girard, 1856) (Silverband shiner) * '' Notropis simus'' (

, 1875) (Bluntnose shiner) * '' Notropis spectrunculus'' (

, 1868) (Mirror shiner) * '' Notropis stilbius'' D. S. Jordan, 1877 (Silverstripe shiner) * '' Notropis stramineus'' (

, 1865) (Sand shiner) * '' Notropis suttkusi''

Humphries Humphries is a surname, and may refer to: * Barry Humphries (1934–2023), Australian comedian, creator of characters Dame Edna Everage and Sir Les Patterson * Carla Humphries (born 1988), American-born Filipina actress and commercial model, also ...

& Cashner, 1994 (Rocky shiner) * '' Notropis telescopus'' (

, 1868) (Telescope shiner) * '' Notropis texanus'' ( Girard, 1856) (Weed shiner) * '' Notropis topeka'' ( C. H. Gilbert, 1884) (Topeka shiner) * ''

Notropis tropicus The pygmy shiner (''Notropis tropicus'') is a species of cyprinid fish. It is endemic to the Pánuco River basin in east–central Mexico. Its type locality is Tamesí River at Llera in the Tamaulipas state. It is a small species, less than in ...

'' C. L. Hubbs &

, 1975 (Pygmy shiner) * '' Notropis uranoscopus'' Suttkus, 1959 (Skygazer shiner) * '' Notropis volucellus'' (

, 1865) (Mimic shiner) * '' Notropis wickliffi'' Trautman, 1931 (Channel shiner) * '' Notropis xaenocephalus'' ( D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Coosa shiner)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2521639 Leuciscinae Cypriniformes genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque