The North Carolina Forest Service, formerly known as the North Carolina Division of Forest Resources is a

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...

state government A state government is the government that controls a subdivision of a country in a federal form of government, which shares political power with the federal or national government. A state government may have some level of political autonomy, or ...

agency responsible for providing land management assistance to landowners. The agency's primary responsibility is wildland fire control on all state and privately owned land in North Carolina, United States. The Service was a Division of the N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources until July 2011 and is now part of the

North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services The North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (NCDA&CS) is a state agency of North Carolina headed by the Commissioner of Agriculture. It is headquartered in the Agriculture Building in Raleigh. History In 1860, North Carolina ...

History

1800s-1910s

* 1891 - The North Carolina Geographic Survey is authorized by the state

legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ...

Joseph Austin Holmes Joseph Austin Holmes (January 23, 1859 – July 15, 1915) was a geologist and occupational safety and health pioneer, best known as the first director of the U.S. Bureau of Mines. He is the namesake of the Joseph A. Holmes Safety Association cr ...

, professor of

Botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...

and

Geology Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Ear ...

at N.C. State College is appointed State Geologist. This marked the first geological survey in the nation authorized by public funds. W.W. Ashe, a student at the

University of North Carolina The University of North Carolina is the multi-campus public university system for the state of North Carolina. Overseeing the state's 16 public universities and the NC School of Science and Mathematics, it is commonly referred to as the UNC Sy ...

is appointed part-time Assistant in Forestry for the state Geologic Survey. Conducting timber investigations, he becomes the first state employee to carry out forestry work. * 1905 - The NC Geological Survey is reorganized and renamed the North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey. Joseph Hyde Pratt succeeds Joseph Holmes as State Geologist. * 1908 - The NC Geological and Economic Survey is split into three divisions. W.W. Ashe is employed as "Forestry Expert" in the new Forestry Division. * 1909 - John Simcox Holmes is appointed as the first state employed graduate forester. * 1915 - An act of the NC General Assembly provides the first forest fire wardens and gives them law enforcement powers. The act also authorizes the state to acquire and administer state forests and parks. John Simcox Holmes is given the titles of State Forester and State Forest Warden. However, no state funds are appropriated for the positions.

Mount Mitchell State Park Mount Mitchell State Park is a North Carolina state park in Yancey County, North Carolina in the United States. Established in 1915 by the state legislature, it became the first state park of North Carolina. By doing so, it also established the ...

is formed and entrusted to the state Geological and Economic Survey. * 1918 - The first state Extension Forester, Harvey B. Krausz, is appointed. The position is under the joint jurisdiction of the

US Forest Service The United States Forest Service (USFS) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands. The Forest Service manages of land. Major divisions of the agency inc ...

, States Relation Service, and the NC Geological and Economic Survey. All farm woodland is placed under the Extension Forester's authority, except for fire control activities.

1920s-1940s

* 1921 - Walter Darell Clark appointed to assist State Forester John Simcox Holmes and given title of Chief Forest Warden. The NC legislature appropriates the first funds for fire protection. Less than $3000. The first county wildfire control cooperators, Avery, Buncombe, Jackson and New Hanover, appropriate a total of $1500 for use on a 50-50 matching basis with the state. * 1922 - Over 20

counties A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...

cooperate with the state through matching funds for

wildfire suppression Wildfire suppression is a range of firefighting tactics used to suppress wildfires. Firefighting efforts in wild land areas require different techniques, equipment, and training from the more familiar structure fire fighting found in populated ...

. Each has a County Fire Warden. The first districts are formed in

Asheville Asheville ( ) is a city in, and the county seat of, Buncombe County, North Carolina. Located at the confluence of the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers, it is the largest city in Western North Carolina, and the state's 11th-most populous cit ...

and

Lenoir Lenoir may refer to: Locations: * Lenoir, North Carolina, United States * Lenoir County, North Carolina, United States * Lenoir City, Tennessee In Universities: * Lenoir-Rhyne University * Lenoir Dining Hall, a dining hall at the University of N ...

(1 and 2). A third is soon added in Fayetteville. District Warden's titles are changed to District Forester. * 1925 - The NC Geological and Economic Survey is reorganized and the NC Department of Conservation and Development is formed by the NC legislature. The Division of Forestry is placed under the new department. * 1926 - The state constructs its first fire tower, in Harnett County. * 1927 - The Game Division is formed as part of the Department of Conservation and Development. Game law enforcement is assigned to the Division of Forestry. * 1933-1938 - The

Civilian Conservation Corps The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a voluntary government work relief program that ran from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men ages 18–25 and eventually expanded to ages 17–28. The CCC was a major part of ...

makes important contributions to the state's forestry efforts. 52 fire towers were constructed. Hundreds of miles of woods trails were made. Almost 15 million trees were planted. Over 6,000 acres of timber stand improvement work was carried out. * 1937 - The first survey of NC Forest Resources is made. * 1939 - Bladen Lake State Forest, a former land utilization project site, is acquired from the US Resettlement Administration under a long-term lease. The state Division of Forestry is given responsibility for investigating and controlling forest insects and diseases. * 1945 - Combination Fire and Game Wardens are given the choice of working for either the Forestry Division or the Game Division. Forestry stops enforcement of

game law Game laws are statutes which regulate the right to pursue and take or kill certain kinds of fish and wild animal ( game). Their scope can include the following: restricting the days to harvest fish or game, restricting the number of animals per p ...

s. William K. Beichler becomes NC's second State Forester following the resignation of John Simcox Holmes. * 1948 - The state Division of Forestry receives its first forest management funds and takes charge of the Farm Forestry Program from the Extension Service. * 1949 - The State Parks Division is created, removing authority over the parks from the Division of Forestry.

1950s-1960s

* 1950 - William Beichler steps down as State Forester. The Cooperative Forest Management act is passed. It makes federal funds available to hire more state service foresters. * 1951 - Fred H. Claridge becomes State Forester. * 1953 - The state Division of Forestry purchases its first

scout plane A scout plane is type of surveillance aircraft, usually of single-engined, two or three seats, shipborne type, and used for the purpose of discovering an enemy position and directing artillery. Therefore, a scout plane is essentially a small nava ...

: a

Piper Cub The Piper J-3 Cub is an American light aircraft that was built between 1938 and 1947 by Piper Aircraft. The aircraft has a simple, lightweight design which gives it good low-speed handling properties and short-field performance. The Cub is Pi ...

. The Little River Nursery at Goldsboro is authorized. * 1954 - The US

Resettlement Administration The Resettlement Administration (RA) was a New Deal U.S. federal agency created May 1, 1935. It relocated struggling urban and rural families to communities planned by the federal government. On September 1, 1937, it was succeeded by the Farm Se ...

deeds the Bladen State Forest property to the state on condition that it be used for public purposes. * 1955 - The N.C. Legislature authorizes the state to execute a compact with other southern states for mutual aid in fighting forest fires. Over 600,000 acres burn from a single fire covering areas of Hyde,

Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...

, and Tyrrell counties. Subsequently, the first statewide master forest fire plan is developed. * 1963 - April 4, "Black Thursday": 127 fires burn 185,000 acres. First Tree Improvement Program seed orchard established at Ralph Edwards Nursery. * 1966 - Fred H. Claridge steps down as State Forester. Ralph C. Winkworth is promoted to replace him. * 1969 - N.C. becomes the first state in nation to get legislative authority & funding to provide custom forestation work for landowners

1970s-1990s

* 1970 - NCFS becomes the first state agency to send a crew to a western state to fight fire. * 1973 - The forerunner of the state Educational State Forest System, the Small State Forest System, is developed. The Griffiths State Forest Nursery is re-established as Clayton State Forest, the first of the Small State Forest System. At a dedication, State Forester Ralph Winkworth describes the forest's mission as "a supplement to the state park system with the primary mission of explaining the forest and forestry." * 1975 - Clayton State Forest is renamed Clemmons State Forest in honor of former forest supervisor Moody Clemmons. * 1977 - Implementation of Forest Development cost-share program begins. * 1980 - State Forester Ralph Winkworth passes away. * 1981 - H.J. "Boe" Green takes over as State Forester. * 1985 - H.J. Green steps down as State Forester. Harry Layman replaces him. The Allen Road Fire burns 93,000 acres. * 1986 - The Small State Forest System is changed to the Educational State Forest System. The Topsail Fires burn 73,000 acres. * 1989 - Implementation of Forest Practices Guidelines related to water quality begins. * 1991 - Stanford Adams becomes State Forester. * 1992 - For the first time, a division Incident Management Team is sent out of state. The team is deployed to Florida to assist with the recovery from

Hurricane Andrew Hurricane Andrew was a very powerful and destructive Category 5 Atlantic hurricane that struck the Bahamas, Florida, and Louisiana in August 1992. It is the most destructive hurricane to ever hit Florida in terms of structures damaged ...

. * 1994 - The Fish Day Fire burns 24,600 acres on U.S. Forest Service land. * 1997 - The division is the first state agency to acquire a CL-215 "Super Scooper" air tanker.

2000-present

* 2003 - The division adopts the national Firewise Communities USA Program * 2004 - The one millionth acre planted under the Forest Development Program is celebrated. * 2006 - State Forester Stanford Adams retires. * 2007 - Wib Owen is named State Forester. * 2008 - The 40,704 acre Evans Road Fire burns in Hyde, Tyrrell and Washington counties. * 2010 - The North Carolina State Forest Assessment is completed. * 2011 - After being known as the "North Carolina Division of Forest Resources" for several decades, the agency's name is changed back to the "North Carolina Forest Service" and it is transferred from the authority of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources to the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. * 2012 - Scott Bissette is appointed Assistant Commissioner and Greg Pate State Forester. * 2014 - Greg Pate retires and assumes the Alabama State Forester position. David Lane is appointed State Forester on April 14.

References

External links

North Carolina Forest ServiceNorth Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
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