Nikolaj Eeg Kruse Hartz (23 August 1867 – 7 May 1937) was a

Danish Danish may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark People * A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark * Culture of Denmark * Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish a ...

geologist A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, earth science, or geophysics, althoug ...

and botanist. He was an important explorer of the

flora Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous (ecology), indigenous) native plant, native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' ...

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...

during several expeditions.

Biography

Hartz was born in

Randers Randers () is a city in Randers Municipality, Central Denmark Region on the Jutland peninsula. It is Denmark's sixth-largest city, with a population of 62,802 (as of 1 January 2022).botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...

at the

University of Copenhagen The University of Copenhagen ( da, Københavns Universitet, KU) is a prestigious public research university in Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1479, the University of Copenhagen is the second-oldest university in Scandinavia after Uppsala Unive ...

. In 1891-1892 he participated in the expedition to

Scoresbysund Ittoqqortoormiit (East Greenlandic: ; West Greenlandic: ''Illoqqortoormiut'' ), formerly known as Scoresbysund, is a settlement in the Sermersooq municipality in eastern Greenland. Its population was 345 as of 2020 and has been described as one of ...

and

Tasiilaq Tasiilaq, formerly Ammassalik and Angmagssalik, is a town in the Sermersooq municipality in southeastern Greenland. With 1,985 inhabitants as of 2020, it is the most populous community on the eastern coast, and the seventh-largest town in Green ...

led by

Carl Ryder 200px, Schooner '' Fylla'' in Copenhagen harbour Carl Hartvig Ryder (12 September 1858 – 3 May 1923) was a Danish naval officer and Arctic explorer. Biography Carl Ryder was born in Copenhagen. He was the son of Frederik Valentiner Ryder (1821 ...

(1858-1923). He graduated in 1895 and obtained a

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

in 1909 with a dissertation about the late-glacial

and

fauna Fauna is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is ''flora'', and for fungi, it is ''funga''. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively referred to as ''Biota (ecology ...

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark , establish ...

. From 1896, Hartz was a researcher at the Geological Survey of Denmark. In 1900 he participated in the Carlsbergfund Expedition to East Greenland under the leadership of G. C. Amdrup (1866-1947). He investigated

plant Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclu ...

and

animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motilit ...

remains in deposits from before, during and after the last glaciation. Together with his colleague Vilhelm Milthers (1865–1962), he investigated a clay pit near Allerød in

and found that a period with milder climate and birch forest – the

Allerød oscillation The Allerød oscillation ( da, Allerødtiden) was a warm and moist global interstadial that occurred c.13,900 to 12,900 BP, nearly at the end of the Last Glacial Period. It raised temperatures in the northern Atlantic region to almost present-da ...

- had interrupted the cold and dry Dryas stadial (Hartz & Milthers 1901). In 1913, he abandoned his scientific career and became co-director of his brother's firm, Standard Mønsterforretning which had been established in Kristiania, Norway in 1900.

Personal life

In 1901, he married Anna Berg. Their son was the painter Lauritz Hartz (1903-1987).

Legacy

The grass species '' Poa hartzii'' was described by the French botanist

Michel Gandoger Abbé Jean Michel Gandoger (10 May 1850 – 4 October 1926), was a French botanist and mycologist. He was born in Arnas, the son of a wealthy vineyard owner in the Beaujolais region. Although he took holy orders at the age of 26, he devoted his li ...

(1920), who named it after Hartz because it was based on plants collected by Hartz in "Kordlunguak" at the Sullorsuaq Strait,

West Greenland Kitaa, originally Vestgrønland ("West Greenland"), is a former administrative division of Greenland. It was by far the most populated of the divisions, being home to almost 90% of the total population. The divisions were de facto replaced by st ...

References

Other sources

* Jessen, Knud (1937) Nikolaj Eeg Kruse Hartz bituary

Botanisk Tidsskrift ''Botanisk Tidsskrift'' (standard abbreviation ''Bot. Tidsskr.'') was a Danish mixed scientific and amateur journal concerning botany, issued in Copenhagen by the Danish Botanical Society. It was published from 1866 to 1980, when it fused with Bot ...

44: 242–243. * Jessen, Knud (1937) Nikolaj Eeg Kruse Hartz bituary Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 9 (2): 237–240
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartz, Nikolaj 1867 births 1937 deaths People from Randers Danish ecologists Botanists active in the Arctic University of Copenhagen alumni Danish geologists

Biography

Personal life

Legacy

See also

References

Other sources