Nikolai Konstantinovich Sudzilovsky (russian: Николай Константинович Судзиловский; be, Мікалай Канстанцінавіч Судзілоўскі, Mikalaj Kanstancinavič Sudzilowski also known as Nicholas Russel, and Kauka LukiniRonald Hayashida & David Kittelson (1977)
"The Odyssey of Nicholas Russel"
''

Hawaiian Journal of History Hawaiian may refer to: * Native Hawaiians, the current term for the indigenous people of the Hawaiian Islands or their descendants * Hawaii state residents, regardless of ancestry (only used outside of Hawaii) * Hawaiian language Historic uses * ...

'' vol. 11, 1977, pages 110-124
Archived
May 5, 2016, at the

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. December 15, 1850 – April 30, 1930) was a Russian revolutionary and scientist.

Biography

Sudzilovsky was born in

Mogilev Mogilev (russian: Могилёв, Mogilyov, ; yi, מאָלעוו, Molev, ) or Mahilyow ( be, Магілёў, Mahilioŭ, ) is a city in eastern Belarus, on the Dnieper River, about from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from the bor ...

to a

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family. He entered the St. Petersburg University law department but dropped out on the next year and entered medical department of the Kiev University where he did not finish his studies. He began to get involved in political activity being one of the organisers of the ''Kiev commune'', a left-wing student organisation in 1873–1874. Getting a job of medical assistant at the Nikolayev prison, he tried to arrange mass escape of the prisoners, but his plot failed and he had to flee from Russia escaping arrest in 1875. In 1876 under the pseudonym ''Nicholas Russel'', Sudzilovsky took part in the Bulgarian April Uprising against the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

. In 1877 he graduated from medical faculty of the University of Bucharest. Russel was one of the organisers of the socialist movement in

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

, published a socialist paper, and carried out socialist propaganda among the Russian troops during the Russo-Turkish War. He also fought in Romania's war of independence, being distinguished with the

Order of the Star of Romania The Order of the Star of Romania (Romanian: ''Ordinul Steaua României'') is Romania's highest civil Order and second highest State decoration after the defunct Order of Michael the Brave. It is awarded by the President of Romania. It has five r ...

. During his stay in Romania, Dr. Russel was one of the most energetic socialists during his stay in Romania from 1875 until 1881 when he was deported from Romania after attempting to hold a celebration of "The 10th Anniversary of the Paris Commune of 1871", at the request of the Tsarist authorities. In 1887, Sudzilovsky moved to

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...

and later

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...

, becoming an American citizen. There he became a founder of the

Home Rule Party of Hawaii The Hawaiian Independent Party (later renamed the Independent Home Rule Party), was a political party active in Hawaii from 1900 to 1912. It was established by Robert Wilcox immediately after the United States annexed the Hawaiian Islands and es ...

in 1892, which opposed Hawaii's joining the United States. In 1900 under the name ''Kauka Lukini'', Sudzilovsky was elected Hawaii Senator, in 1901 was elected as 1st Hawaii Senate President. During the

Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1 ...

of 1904–1905 Sudzilovsky actively conducted socialist propaganda among Russian prisoners of war. Following the demands of Russia's foreign minister, the US government revoked his citizenship. Sudzilovsky spent the last years of his life in the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

and China. He was author of several works on

medicine Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pract ...

and

sociology Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of Interpersonal ties, social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. It uses various methods of Empirical ...

and was member of the American Genetics Society.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sudzilovsky, Nikolai 1850 births 1930 deaths People from Mogilev University of Bucharest alumni Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States American socialists People of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) Russian untitled nobility Recipients of the Order of the Star of Romania