Nicolae Alevra (21 January 1871, Bogdănești,

Baia County Baia County is one of the historic counties of Moldavia, Romania. The county seat was Fălticeni. In 1938, the county was disestablished and incorporated into the newly formed Ținutul Prut, but it was re-established in 1940 after the fall of Caro ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

– 16 July 1936,

Palanca Palanca may refer to: People *Bernard Palanca (born 1976), Filipino actor *Massimo Palanca (born 1953), Italian footballer *Mico Palanca (1978–2019), Filipino actor *Miguel Palanca (born 1987), Spanish footballer Places * Palanca, Huíla, Ango ...

Bacău County Bacău County () is a county ( județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with its capital city at Bacău. It has one commune, Ghimeș-Făget, in Transylvania. Geography This county has a total area of . In the western part of the county the ...

, Romania) was a Romanian

brigadier general Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed ...

and politician who held was Minister of Communications in the first government of

Iuliu Maniu Iuliu Maniu (; 8 January 1873 – 5 February 1953) was an Austro-Hungarian-born lawyer and Romanian politician. He was a leader of the National Party of Transylvania and Banat before and after World War I, playing an important role in the Un ...

. Alevra's military education started at Școala Fiilor de Militari, in

Iași Iași ( , , ; also known by other alternative names), also referred to mostly historically as Jassy ( , ), is the second largest city in Romania and the seat of Iași County. Located in the historical region of Moldavia, it has traditionally ...

, and in 1890 continued in

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

, where he graduated in 1892 from ''Școala militară de Artilerie'' (Artillery Military School) with the rank of

second lieutenant Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces, comparable to NATO OF-1 rank. Australia The rank of second lieutenant existed in the military forces of the Australian colonies and Australian Army until ...

. He studied at

Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popul ...

, then at the Higher War School (1904–1906). He advanced in rank to captain (1902), major (1910), lieutenant colonel (1914), and colonel (1916). Alevra served during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

and was appointed in 1917 to brigadier general. He served as deputy chief of the General High Command, headed by General

Constantin Prezan Constantin Prezan (January 27, 1861 – August 27, 1943) was a Romanian general during World War I. In 1930 he was given the honorary title of Marshal of Romania, as a recognition of his merits during his command of the Northern Army and of the ...

. In 1922 he withdrew from the army to dedicate himself to writing, in December 1927 becoming a member of the

National Peasants' Party The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; ro, Partidul Național Țărănesc, or ''Partidul Național-Țărănist'', PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. It w ...

, which propelled him to serve as communications minister. In that capacity, he went to the site of the railway accident at Boboc, where in April 1929 a derailed train caused the deaths of 20 people and injured a few dozen others.„Mare nenorocire de cale ferată. Douăzeci morți și 60 de răniți”
''Unirea Poporului'', 14 aprilie 1929, Nr. 15, p. 5 He was a proponent of Romanian military doctrine and arts. He appreciated that the national military doctrine must be developed by affirming the principle of the "armed nation." Appreciating that after the achievement of the

Great Union In Romanian historiography, the Great Union ( ro, Marea Unire) or Great Union of 1918 () was the series of political unifications the Kingdom of Romania had with several of the so-called Romanian historical regions, starting with Bessarabia on ...

Transylvania Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...

Bessarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Be ...

, and

Bukovina Bukovinagerman: Bukowina or ; hu, Bukovina; pl, Bukowina; ro, Bucovina; uk, Буковина, ; see also other languages. is a historical region, variously described as part of either Central or Eastern Europe (or both).Klaus Peter BergerT ...

with the

Kingdom of Romania The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian ...

in 1918, Romania would continue to have enemies, Alevra considered that the only war that could be accepted or envisaged was a defensive war. Alevra was elected to the

Romanian Academy of Sciences The Romanian Academy of Sciences was an institution established in Romania by a group of 26 scientists, dissatisfied with the imperfect organization of the Scientific Section of the Romanian Academy, which was left in the background, with only 12 ...

on 21 December 1935.

Works

*''Necesitatea unei noi legi de recrutare'' – 1912 *''Armata de rezervă'' – 1913 *''Caracteristicile generale ale unora dintre instituțiile noastre militare'' – 1913 *''Noi probleme de organizare'' – 1913 *''Modificarea constituției și Armata'' – 1914 *''Câteva observațiuni asupra unora dintre regulamentele noastre'' – 1915 *''Stabilirea răspunderilor asupra pregătirii armatei pentru război'' – 1918 *''Minoritățile și serviciul militar'' – 1924 *''Opera Generalului Mărdărescu'' – 1925 *''Birocrația în armată'' – 1927 *''Legile militare'' – 1928 *''Reducerea serviciului militar'' – 1928 *''Organizarea armatei'' – 1930 *Oamenii politici și apărarea națională'' – 1931 *''Noi concepte de organizare militară'' – 1934 *''Omogenitatea armatei'' – 1936 *''Problema effectivelor armatei'' – 1934 *''Imponderabili la război. Studiu social militar'' – 1936

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Alevra, Nicolae 1871 births 1936 deaths People from Suceava County Carol I National Defence University alumni Romanian Army World War I generals National Peasants' Party politicians Romanian Ministers of Communications Members of the Romanian Academy of Sciences 20th-century Romanian male writers Romanian military historians