Alī Imādud-Dīn Nasīmī ( az, Seyid Əli İmadəddin Nəsimi سئید علی عمادالدّین نسیمی, fa, عمادالدین نسیمی), often known as Nesimi,
(1369 – 1417) was a 14th-century
Azerbaijani Ḥurūfī poet. Known mostly by his
pen name
A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name.
A pen na ...
of Nasimi, he wrote in
Azerbaijani,
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
and sometimes
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...
,
being the composer of one ''
divan
A divan or diwan ( fa, دیوان, ''dīvān''; from Sumerian ''dub'', clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see ''dewan'').
Etymology
The word, recorded in English since 1586, meanin ...
'' in
Azerbaijani, one in Persian,
and a number of poems in Turkish and Arabic. He is considered one of the greatest
Turkic mystical poets of the late 14th and early 15th centuries and one of the most prominent early
divan
A divan or diwan ( fa, دیوان, ''dīvān''; from Sumerian ''dub'', clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see ''dewan'').
Etymology
The word, recorded in English since 1586, meanin ...
masters in
Turkic literary history. According to the third edition of the ''
Encyclopedia of Islam
The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in ...
'' Nasimi "is considered to be the true founder" of Turkic classical''ʿarūḍ'' poetry.
Name and titles
The third edition of the ''
Encyclopedia of Islam
The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in ...
'' notes that according to some sources, including Sibṭ Ibn al-ʿAjamī (died 1415), Nasimi's given name was Ali.
The name "Nasimi" was the
pen name
A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name.
A pen na ...
(''makhlaṣ'') he most commonly used.
The ''Encyclopedia of Islam'' adds that although contested, the name Nasimi is "most convincingly explained" as a reflection of "Na'imi", the pen name of
Fazlallah Astarabadi
Fażlu l-Lāh Astar-Ābādī ( fa, فضلالله استرآبادی, 1339/40 in Astarābād – 1394 in Nakhchivan), also known as Fażlullāh Tabrīzī AstarābādīIrène Mélikoff. ''Hadji Bektach: un mythe et ses avatars : genèse et évo ...
(died 1394).
Nasimi also used the pen name "Huseyni".
The epithet (''
laqab
Arabic language names have historically been based on a long naming system. Many people from the Arabic-speaking and also Muslim countries have not had given/ middle/family names but rather a chain of names. This system remains in use throughout ...
'') "Imadaddin", which translates as "the pillar of the religion", or the title "
Sayyid
''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Prophets in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali ...
" (marking his claim of descent from the Islamic prophet
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...
) are often added in order to distinguish him from other figures who bore the name Nasimi.
Life
Most extant information about Nasimi's life is unconfirmed.
This includes his date of birth, which, without definite proof, is usually said to be 1369–70.
Nesîmî's birthplace is wrapped in mystery: some claim that he was born in a province called Nesîm — hence the pen name — located either near
Aleppo
)), is an adjective which means "white-colored mixed with black".
, motto =
, image_map =
, mapsize =
, map_caption =
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...
in modern-day
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
,
or near
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...
in modern-day
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
,
but no such province has been found to exist.
According to the second edition of the ''Encyclopædia of Islam'', Nasimi was an early Ottoman poet and mystic and was most probably of
Turkoman origin.
He was well versed in both Turkic and Persian, but wrote some poems in Arabic as well.
From his poetry, it's evident that Nesîmî was an adherent of the Ḥurūfī movement, which was founded by Nesîmî's teacher
Fażlullāh Astarābādī of Astarābād, who was condemned for heresy and executed in
Alinja
Alinja (also known as "Alıncak"; az, Əlincə; hy, Երնջակ, Yernjak) is a village and municipality in the Julfa District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 634. The mausoleum and shrine of the Hurufi Fazlallah are located ...
near
Nakhchivan. The center of Fażlullāh's influence was
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
and most of his followers came from
Shirvan
Shirvan (from fa, شروان, translit=Shirvān; az, Şirvan; Tat: ''Şirvan''), also spelled as Sharvān, Shirwan, Shervan, Sherwan and Šervān, is a historical Iranian region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both pre-Islam ...
(present-day Republic of
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
),
then ruled by the
Shirvanshahs
''Shirvanshah'' ( fa, شروانشاه), also spelled as ''Shīrwān Shāh'' or ''Sharwān Shāh'', was the title of the rulers of Shirvan from the mid-9th century to the early 16th century. The title remained in a single family, the Yazidids, a ...
.
Nesîmî become one of the most influential advocates of the
Ḥurūfī doctrine and the movement's ideas were spread to a large extent through his poetry. While Fażlullāh believed that he himself was the manifestation of God, for Nesîmî, at the center of Creation there was God, who bestowed His Light on man. Through sacrifice and self-perfection, man can become one with God. Around 1417, (or possibly 1404)
as a direct result of his beliefs — which were considered blasphemous by contemporary
religious authorities — Nesîmî was seized and, according to most accounts,
skinned alive in Aleppo.
A number of legends later grew up around Nesimi's execution, such as the story that he mocked his executioners with improvised verse and, after the execution, draped his flayed skin around his shoulders and departed.
A rare historical account of the event — the ''Tarih-i Heleb'' of Akhmad ibn Ibrahim al-Halabi — relates that the court, which was of the
Maliki
The ( ar, مَالِكِي) school is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas in the 8th century. The Maliki school of jurisprudence relies on the Quran and hadiths as primary ...
school of religious law, was unwilling to convict Nesîmî of
apostasy
Apostasy (; grc-gre, ἀποστασία , 'a defection or revolt') is the formal disaffiliation from, abandonment of, or renunciation of a religion by a person. It can also be defined within the broader context of embracing an opinion that i ...
, and that the order of execution intstead came from the secular power of the
emir
Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or cerem ...
of Aleppo, who was hoping to avoid open rebellion.
Nesîmî's tomb in Aleppo remains an important place of pilgrimage to this day.
Poetry
Nesîmî's collected poems, or ''
dîvân'', number about 300, and include ''
ghazal
The ''ghazal'' ( ar, غَزَل, bn, গজল, Hindi-Urdu: /, fa, غزل, az, qəzəl, tr, gazel, tm, gazal, uz, gʻazal, gu, ગઝલ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a ...
''s, ''
qasida
The qaṣīda (also spelled ''qaṣīdah''; is originally an Arabic word , plural ''qaṣā’id'', ; that was passed to some other languages such as fa, قصیده or , ''chakameh'', and tr, kaside) is an ancient Arabic word and form of writin ...
''s ("lyrics"), and ''
rubâ'î''s ("quatrains") in
Azerbaijani Turkic,
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
, and
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...
. According to
Ali-Shir Nava'i
'Ali-Shir Nava'i (9 February 1441 – 3 January 1501), also known as Nizām-al-Din ʿAli-Shir Herawī ( Chagatai: نظام الدین علی شیر نوایی, fa, نظامالدین علیشیر نوایی) was a Timurid poet, writer ...
, Nasimi wrote poetry in "Turkmeni" and "Rumi", however
Mehmet Fuat Köprülü
Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (December 5, 1890 – June 28, 1966), also known as Köprülüzade Mehmed Fuad, was a highly influential Turkish sociologist, turkologist, scholar, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister of the Republi ...
argues that Nasimi was unfamiliar with the dialect of Anatolia.
His Turkic divan, considered his most important work, contains 250–300
ghazal
The ''ghazal'' ( ar, غَزَل, bn, গজল, Hindi-Urdu: /, fa, غزل, az, qəzəl, tr, gazel, tm, gazal, uz, gʻazal, gu, ગઝલ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a ...
s and more than 150
rubâ'îs. A large body of
Bektashi
The Bektashi Order; sq, Tarikati Bektashi; tr, Bektaşi or Bektashism is an Islamic Sufi mystic movement originating in the 13th-century. It is named after the Anatolian saint Haji Bektash Wali (d. 1271). The community is currently led by ...
and
Alevi
Alevism or Anatolian Alevism (; tr, Alevilik, ''Anadolu Aleviliği'' or ''Kızılbaşlık''; ; az, Ələvilik) is a local Islamic tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical Alevi Islamic ( ''bāṭenī'') teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, w ...
poetry is also attributed to Nesîmî, largely as a result of Hurûfî ideas' influence upon those two groups.
Shah Ismail I
Ismail I ( fa, اسماعیل, Esmāʿīl, ; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail (), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty of Safavid Iran, Iran, ruling as its King of Kings (''Shahanshah'') from 1501 to 1524. His re ...
, the founder of the
Safavid dynasty
The Safavid dynasty (; fa, دودمان صفوی, Dudmâne Safavi, ) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of th ...
in
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
, who himself composed a
divan
A divan or diwan ( fa, دیوان, ''dīvān''; from Sumerian ''dub'', clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see ''dewan'').
Etymology
The word, recorded in English since 1586, meanin ...
in
Azerbaijani Turkic under the
pen name
A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name.
A pen na ...
of
Khatai
Ismail I ( fa, اسماعیل, Esmāʿīl, ; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail (), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty of Safavid Iran, Iran, ruling as its King of Kings (''Shahanshah'') from 1501 to 1524. His re ...
, praised Nesimi in his poems.
According to the second edition of the ''Encyclopedia of Islam'':
One of Nesîmî's most famous poems is the ''gazel'' beginning with the following lines:
:منده صغار ايكى جهان من بو جهانه صغمازام
:گوهر لامکان منم كون و مکانه صغمازام
:''Məndə sığar iki cahan, mən bu cahâna sığmazam''
:''Gövhər-i lâ-məkân mənəm, kövn ü məkâna sığmazam''
:
:Both worlds can fit within me, but in this world I cannot fit
:I am the placeless essence, but into existence I cannot fit
:
The poem is an example of Nesîmî's poetic brand of
Hurufism
Hurufism ( ar, حُرُوفِيَّة ''ḥurūfiyyah'', Persian: حُروفیان ''hōrufiyān'') was a Sufi movement based on the mysticism of letters (''ḥurūf''), which originated in Astrabad and spread to areas of western Iran (Persia) ...
in its
mystical
Mysticism is popularly known as becoming one with God or the Absolute, but may refer to any kind of ecstasy or altered state of consciousness which is given a religious or spiritual meaning. It may also refer to the attainment of insight in u ...
form. There is a contrast made between the physical and the spiritual worlds, which are seen to be ultimately united in the human being. As such, the human being is seen to partake of the same spiritual essence as
God
In monotheism, monotheistic thought, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator deity, creator, and principal object of Faith#Religious views, faith.Richard Swinburne, Swinburne, R.G. "God" in Ted Honderich, Honderich, Ted. (ed)''The Ox ...
: the phrase ''lâ-mekân'' (لامکان), or "the placeless", in the second line is a Sufi term used for God. The same term, however, can be taken literally as meaning "without a place", and so Nesîmî is also using the term to refer to human physicality. In his poem, Nesîmî stresses that understanding God is ultimately not possible in this world, though it is nonetheless the duty of human beings to strive for such an understanding. Moreover, as the poem's constant play with the ideas of the physical and the spiritual underlines, Nesîmî calls for this search for understanding to be carried out by people within their own selves. This couplet has been described in different pictures, movies, poems, and other pieces of arts.
Some of Nesîmî's work is also more specifically Hurûfî in nature, as can be seen in the following
quatrain
A quatrain is a type of stanza, or a complete poem, consisting of four lines.
Existing in a variety of forms, the quatrain appears in poems from the poetic traditions of various ancient civilizations including Persia, Ancient India, Ancient Greec ...
from a long poem:
:''Gördüm ol ayı vü bayram eyledim''
:''Şol meye bu gözleri câm eyledim''
:''Hecce vardım ezm-i ehrâm eyledim''
:''Fâ vü zâd-ı lâm-i Heqq nâm eyledim''
:Seeing that moon I rejoiced
:I made of my eyes a cup for its wine
:I went on
Hajj
The Hajj (; ar, حَجّ '; sometimes also spelled Hadj, Hadji or Haj in English) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried ...
in pilgrim's garb
:I called
Fâ,
Zâd, and
Lâm Lâm is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as Lin in Chinese and Im in Korean.
Lam is the anglicized variation of the surname Lâm.
Lam is also a commonly held surname of Cantonese speakers of Chinese descent. Large populations in ...
by the name "Truth"
In the quatrain's last line, "Fâ", "Zâd", and "Lâm" are the names of the Arabic letters that together spell out the first name of the founder of Hurufism, Fazl-ullah. As such, Nesîmî is praising his ''
shaykh
Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliteration of Arabic, transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonl ...
'', or spiritual teacher, and in fact comparing him to God, who is also given the name "Truth" (''al-Haqq''). Moreover, using the Perso-Arabic letters in the poem in such a manner is a direct manifestation of Hurûfî beliefs insofar as the group expounds a vast and complex letter
symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise very different conc ...
ism in which each letter represents an aspect of the human character, and all the letters together can be seen to represent God.
Nesîmî is also considered a superb love poet, and his poems express the idea of love on both the personal and the spiritual plane. Many of his ''gazel''s, for instance, have a high level of emotiveness, as well as expressing a great mastery of language:
:اوزكى مندن نهان ايتمك ديلرسه ڭ ايتمه غل
:گوزلرم ياشڭ روان ايتمك ديلرسه ڭ ايتمه غل
:برك نسرین اوزره مسکين زلفكى سن طاغدوب
:عاشقى بى خانمان ايتمك ديلرسه ڭ ايتمه غل
:''Üzünü menden nihân etmek dilersen, etmegil''
:''Gözlerim yaşın revân etmek dilersen, etmegil''
:''Berq-i nesrin üzre miskin zülfünü sen dağıdıb''
:''Âşiqi bîxânimân etmek dilersen, etmegil''
:Should you want to veil your face from me, oh please do not!
:Should you want to make my tears flow, oh please do not!
:Should you want to lay your hair of musk atop the rose
:And leave your lover destitute, oh please do not!
Legacy
Nesîmî's work represents an important stage in the development of poetry not only in the Azerbaijani language vernacular, but also in the
Ottoman Divan poetry
The poetry of the Ottoman Empire, or Ottoman '' Divan'' poetry, is little known outside modern Turkey, which forms the heartland of what was once the Ottoman Empire. It is, however, a rich and ancient poetic tradition that lasted for nearly 700 ...
tradition. After his death, Nesîmî's work continued to influence many
Turkic language
The Turkic languages are a language family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and Western Asia. The Turkic languag ...
poets and authors such as
Fuzûlî
Mahammad bin Suleyman ( Classical Azerbaijani: ), better known by his pen name Fuzuli ( az-Arab, فضولی ; ;
* ota, محمد بن سلیمان فضولی ;
* fa, محمد بن سلیمان فضولی . – 1556), was a 16th century ...
(1483?–1556),
Khata'i
Ismail I ( fa, اسماعیل, Esmāʿīl, ; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail (), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty of Iran, ruling as its King of Kings (''Shahanshah'') from 1501 to 1524. His reign is often ...
(1487–1524), and
Pir Sultan Abdal
Pir Sultan Abdal (born Haydar) is an important religious figure in Alevism, who is thought to be of Turkmen origin and to have been born in the village of Banaz in present-day Sivas Province, Turkey. He is considered legendary among his follower ...
(1480–1550).
Nesîmî is venerated in the modern
Republic of Azerbaijan
A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...
, and one of the districts of the capital city,
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
, bears his name. There is also a monument to him in the city, sculpted by T. Mamedov and I. Zeynalov in 1979. Furthermore, the Institute of Linguistics at the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan is named after him, and there was also a 1973 Azerbaijani film, ''Nasimi'' (the Azerbaijani language spelling of his name), made about him. The 600th anniversary of Nesîmî's birthday was celebrated worldwide in 1973 by the decision of
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
, and representatives from many countries took part in the celebrations held both in
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
and in
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
. An event dedicated to the 600th anniversary of Nasimi's death was conducted in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, at the headquarter of
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
in May 2017. President
Ilham Aliyev
Ilham Heydar oghlu Aliyev ( az, İlham Heydər oğlu Əliyev, ; born 24 December 1961) is the fourth president of Azerbaijan, serving in the post since 31 October 2003.
The son and second child of the former Azerbaijani leader Heydar Aliyev, ...
declared 2019 the "Year of Nasimi" in
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
as it was the 650th anniversary of the birth of the poet. The year was also declared "the Year of the Azerbaijani Poet Imadeddin Nesimi" by the
International Organization of Turkic Culture
The International Organization of Turkic Culture tr, Uluslararası Türk Kültürü Teşkilatı or TURKSOY is an international cultural organization of countries with Turkic populations, speaking languages belonging to the Turkic language fami ...
at the 36th Term Meeting of its Permanent Council in December 2018.
Translations
*K.R.F. Burrill, ''The Quatrains of Nesimi, fourteenth-century Turkic Hurufi. With annotated translation of the Turkic and Persian quatrains from the Hekimoglu Ali Pasha MS. Den Haag'', Mouton, Paris 1972
From the Turkish Divan:
*‘Imādeddin Nesimi, ''Gedichte'', ed. M.R. Hess with a poetic reworking by R. Moritzen, Sharq-Qarb, Baku 2012
*‘Imādeddin Nesimi, ''Ins Absolute schwand ich hin, mit Gott bin ich zu Gott geworden'', ed. M.R. Hess with a poetic reworking by R. Moritzen, Sharq-Qarb, Baku 2012
*Imadaddin Nasimi, ''Liriche'', ed. Olga Mazzina, translated from Russian, Sandro Teti Edizioni, Roma 2019
Persian Divan:
* Nasimi di Shirvan, ''Nel tuo volto è scritta la parola di Dio. Il canzoniere persiano del poeta-martire dell'Hurufismo'', ed. Carlo Saccone, Centro Essad Bey-Amazon IP, Seattle 2020
Memory
* Asteroid
32939 Nasimi was named in his memory.
The official was published by the
Minor Planet Center
The Minor Planet Center (MPC) is the official body for observing and reporting on minor planets under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Founded in 1947, it operates at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
Function
...
on 18 May 2019 ().
* The movie dedicated to the poet
Nesimi
Alī Imādud-Dīn Nasīmī ( az, Seyid Əli İmadəddin Nəsimi سئید علی عمادالدّین نسیمی, fa, عمادالدین نسیمی), often known as Nesimi, was a 14th-century Azerbaijani Ḥurūfī poet. Known mostly by his ...
by
Azerbaijanfilm
Azerbaijanfilm ( az, Azərbaycanfilm) is an Azerbaijani state film production company. It is located in the capital Baku.
History
"Azerbaijanfilm" was established in 1920 as a photo-cinema department at the Azerbaijan SSR People's Commissariat, ...
studio.
* The ballet dedicated to the poet
A Tale of Nesimi by Azerbaijani composer
Fikret Amirov
Fikret Mashadi Jamil oghlu Amirov ( az, Fikrət Məşədi Cəmil oğlu Əmirov; November 22, 1922, Ganja – February 20, 1984, Baku) was a prominent Soviet and Azerbaijani composer.
Biography
Fikret Amirov grew up in an atmosphere of Azerba ...
in 1973.
Various places are named in honor of Nasimi:
* The Nasimi Institute of Linguistics is part of the
Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS) ( az, Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası (AMEA)), located in Baku, is the main state research organization and the primary body that conducts research and coordinates activities in the fields of ...
.
*
Nəsimi raion
Nasimi rayon ( az, Nəsimi rayonu) is a settlement and raion of Baku, capital of Azerbaijan, named after Imadaddin Nasimi and formed on June 13, 1969.
The administrative territory of the Nasimi district, one of the central districts of Baku, is ...
is an urban district (raion) in
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
.
* The urban middle school No 2 in
Balaken, Azerbaijan is named for Nasimi
* There are Nəsimi streets in
Agdjabedi
Aghjabadi ( az, Ağcabədi) is a city in and the capital of the Aghjabadi District of Azerbaijan. It is situated in central Azerbaijan.
Notable natives
* Uzeyir Hajibeyov — composer. He is recognized as the father of Azerbaijani classical mus ...
,
Khudat
, native_name =
, pushpin_map = Azerbaijan
, pushpin_mapsize = 300
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name =
, subdivision_type1 = District
, subdivision_name1 = Kh ...
and Baku.
* There are villages named Nasimi
in Bilasuvar and
in Sabirabad regions, as well as
Nəsimikənd in the Saatly region of Azerbaijan.
*The seaside park in
Sumgait
Sumgait (; az, Sumqayıt, ) is a city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, on the Absheron Peninsula, about away from the capital Baku. The city has a population of around 345,300, making it the second largest city in Azerbaijan after Bak ...
was named after Nasimi in 1978 and a statue of him was erected there in 2003.
"Nasimi Festival of Poetry, Arts, and Spirituality" was organized in September 2018 by the
Heydar Aliyev Foundation
The Heydar Aliyev Foundation ( az, Heydər Əliyev Fondu) is a charitable foundation headed by Azerbaijan's First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva. The foundation is named after Azerbaijan's former president, Heydar Aliyev – the father of the incumbent pre ...
and
Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan. The events featured different types of art and knowledge fields in
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
and
Shamakhi
Shamakhi ( az, Şamaxı, ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Shamakhi District. The city's estimated population was 31,704. It is famous for its traditional dancers, the Shamakhi Dancers, and also for perhaps giving it ...
. In November 2018, the bust of Imadeddin Nasimi at the
was unveiled as a part of the Nasimi Festival. From September 28 to October 1, the Second Nasimi Festival of Poetry, Art and Spirituality was held in Azerbaijan in the framework of the "Year of Nasimi".
The "Nasimi-650" Second Summer Camp of Diaspora Youth of Azerbaijan was organized in
Shamakhi
Shamakhi ( az, Şamaxı, ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Shamakhi District. The city's estimated population was 31,704. It is famous for its traditional dancers, the Shamakhi Dancers, and also for perhaps giving it ...
dedicated to the poet's 650th anniversary in July 2019.
File:2017 Yay Vikidüşərgəsi - Qax - İçəri Bazar - 25.jpg, Bust of Nasimi in Qakh
Qakh District ( az, Qax rayonu; ka, კახის რაიონი, K′akhis raioni; Tsakhur: Къахын район) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the north of the country and belongs to the Shaki-Zagatala E ...
File:Nasimi Metrostation.png, Nasimi Metrostation in Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
File:Stamp of Azerbaijan - 2019 - Colnect 900079 - 650th Anniversary of Imameddin Nesimi Poet 1369-1417.jpeg, Stamp of Azerbaijan dedicated to the 650th anniversary of Nasimi
File:Bust of Nasimi 1 (crop).jpg, Bust of Nasimi in Shamakhi
Shamakhi ( az, Şamaxı, ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Shamakhi District. The city's estimated population was 31,704. It is famous for its traditional dancers, the Shamakhi Dancers, and also for perhaps giving it ...
Songs to Nasimi's poems
* "İstəmə" – composer:
Tofig Guliyev
Tofig Alakbar oglu Guliyev ( az, Tofiq Ələkbər oğlu Quliyev, tr, Tevfik Elekber oğlu Guliyev; 7 November 1917, Baku – 4 October 2000, Baku) was a Soviet and Azerbaijani composer, pianist, and conductor.
Biography
Tofig Guliyev was born in ...
* "Qafil oyan" – composer:
Tofig Guliyev
Tofig Alakbar oglu Guliyev ( az, Tofiq Ələkbər oğlu Quliyev, tr, Tevfik Elekber oğlu Guliyev; 7 November 1917, Baku – 4 October 2000, Baku) was a Soviet and Azerbaijani composer, pianist, and conductor.
Biography
Tofig Guliyev was born in ...
* "Neynədi" – performed by
Zeynab Khanlarova
* "Nasimi" – performed by
Sami Yusuf
Sami Yusuf (born 21 July 1980) is a British singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and composer. He gained international attention with the release of his debut album, ''Al-Muʽallim'', in 2003. As of 2020, he has released eight studio alb ...
See also
*
Alevism
Alevism or Anatolian Alevism (; tr, Alevilik, ''Anadolu Aleviliği'' or ''Kızılbaşlık''; ; az, Ələvilik) is a local Islamic tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical Alevi Islamic ( ''bāṭenī'') teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, w ...
*
Isma'ili
Isma'ilism ( ar, الإسماعيلية, al-ʾIsmāʿīlīyah) is a branch or sub-sect of Shia Islam. The Isma'ili () get their name from their acceptance of Imam Isma'il ibn Jafar as the appointed spiritual successor (imām) to Ja'far al-Sa ...
*
Sufism
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
*
Nāīmee
*
Hurufiyya
Hurufism ( ar, حُرُوفِيَّة ''ḥurūfiyyah'', Persian: حُروفیان ''hōrufiyān'') was a Sufi movement based on the mysticism of letters (''ḥurūf''), which originated in Astrabad and spread to areas of western Iran (Persia) ...
*
Nuktawiyya
The Nuqtavi ( fa, نقطویان Nuqṭawiyyah) movement was founded by Mahmūd Pasīkhānī ( fa, محمود پسیخانی) when he proclaimed himself the Mahdi in 1397. The group is an offshoot of the Ḥurūfī movement, from which Pasīkh ...
*
Murād Mīrzā
Murād Mīrzā ( ar, مراد ميرزا; 1509-1514?-1574) was the 36th Imam of the Nizari Isma'ili Shi'a Muslim community.
A politically active Imam, Murad Mirza had a large following. He is also known to have had close relations with th ...
*
List of Ismaili imams
This is a list of the Imams as recognized by the different sub-sects of the Ismai'li sect of Shia Islam. Imams are considered members of the '' Bayt'' (Household) of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah.
Early Imams
All Isma'ili sects shar ...
*
List of extinct Shia sects
The following is a list of extinct unorthodox movements within Shia Islam. These are movements that no longer have any living followers or practitioners. These movements were created around certain beliefs that were unorthodox and not held by the ...
*
Seven Great Poets
In Turkish culture, the Seven Great Poets or Seven Great Ozans ( tr, Yedi Ulu Ozan) are seven (singer-poets) who lived between 14th and 16th century that represent Alevi poetry and literature.
Background
Seven Ulu Ozan are the poets who gave t ...
Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nasimi, Imadeddin
Arabic-language poets
Azerbaijani-language poets
Persian-language poets
14th-century poets from the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Sufis
People executed for heresy
People executed by flaying
1370 births
1417 deaths
Turkish people of Azerbaijani descent
Bektashi Order
15th-century poets from the Ottoman Empire
Male poets from the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Arabic poets
Ethnic Turkmen people