Naoda is a
community development block
In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...
that forms an administrative division in the
Berhampore subdivision
Berhampore subdivision is an administrative subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Overview
The Bhagirathi River splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on th ...
of
Murshidabad district in the
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
of
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
.
Geography
Naoda is located at
Naoda CD block is bounded by
Hariharpara
Hariharpara is a village, with a police station, in the Hariharpara CD block in the Berhampore subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Geography
Location
Hariharpara is located at .
Area overview
The area sh ...
CD block in the north,
Karimpur I
Karimpur I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Tehatta subdivision of Nadia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Karimpur is located at .
Karimpur I CD Block is bounded by Jalangi and Domk ...
and
Karimpur II CD blocks, in Nadia district, in the east,
Tehatta II
Tehatta II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Tehatta subdivision of Nadia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Palashipara, the police station and headquarters of Tehatta II CD Block, i ...
CD block, in Nadia district, in the south and
Beldanga II CD block in the west.
Naoda CD block lies in the Ganges-Bhagirathi Basin, which is a long and narrow river valley. The
Bhagirathi River
The Bhāgīrathī (Pron: /ˌbʌgɪˈɹɑːθɪ/) is a turbulent Himalayan river in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, and one of the two headstreams of the Ganges, the major river of Northern India and the holy river of Hinduism. In the Hindu fa ...
splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. It has fertile soil suitable for cultivation.
The Bagri or the eastern part of the district is a low lying
alluvial
Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...
plain with the shape of an
isosceles triangle
In geometry, an isosceles triangle () is a triangle that has two sides of equal length. Sometimes it is specified as having ''exactly'' two sides of equal length, and sometimes as having ''at least'' two sides of equal length, the latter versio ...
. The Ganges/Padma and the Bhagirathi form the two equal sides; the
Jalangi
Jalangi is a Bazaar, with a police station, identified in 2011 census, in Jalangi CD Block in Domkol subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India. This Bazaar is situated beside the Padma River
Geography
Location
J ...
forms the entire base; other offshoots of the Ganges meander within the area. It is liable to be flooded by the spill of the Bhagirathi and other rivers.
Naoda CD block has an area of 231.39 km
2. It has 1
panchayat samity, 10
gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s, 162 gram sansads (village councils), 39
mouzas and 28 inhabited villages.
Naoda
Naoda (also spelled Nawda & Nowda) is a town, not identified in 2011 census, with a police station, in the Naoda CD block in the Berhampore subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Geography
Location
Naoda is ...
police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at
Surangapur
Surangapur is a village in the Naoda CD block in the Berhampore subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Geography
Location
Surangapur is located at .
Area overview
The area shown in the map alongside, coveri ...
.
Gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s of Naoda block/ panchayat samiti are: Bali I, Bali II, Chandpur, Kedarchandpur I, Kedarchandpur II, Madhupur, Nawda, Patikabari, Raipur and Sarbangapur.
Demographics
Population
According to the
2011 Census of India
The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
, Nawda CD block had a total population of 226,859, all of which were rural. There were 116,341 (51%) males and 110,518 (49%) females. The population below 6 years of age was 27,209.
Scheduled Castes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 14,804 (6.53%) and
Scheduled Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 1,526 (0.67%).
As per 2001 census, Naoda block has a total population of 196,021, out of which 100,997 were males and 95,024 were females. Naoda block registered a population growth of 19.14 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 23.70 per cent.
Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
The decadal growth of population in Naoda CD block in 2001-2011 was 15.60%.
Decadal Population Growth Rate (%)
Sources:
Villages
Large villages in Naoda CD block (2011 census population figures in brackets): Kedarchandpur (8,838), Alampur (6,267), Dakatiapota (2,738), Ramnachandpur (19,452), Dudhsar (4,562), Sarbangapur (13,898), Bali (22,779), Tungi (9,128), Goghata (8,627), Sonatikri (8,982), Bundai Nagar (6,908), Raypur (11,504), Madhupur (20,697), Chandkati (7,046), Gangadhari (5,268), Surangapur (6,343), Jagiapur (6,360), Edrakpur (12,311), Mahammadpur (7,928), Patikabari (11,232) and Chandpur (11,880).
[
]
Literacy
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Naoda CD block was 131,957 (66.09% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 68,595 (66.91% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 63,362 (65.24% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity
Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 1.67%.[
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
]
Language and religion
In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 163,054 and formed 71.87% of the population in Naoda CD Block. Hindus numbered 63,503 and formed 27.99% of the population. Others numbered 302 and formed 0.14% of the population. In Naoda CD Block while the proportion of Muslims increased from 66.46% in 1991 to 69.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindus declined from 33.54% in 1991 to 30.24% in 2001.
Murshidabad district had 4,707,573 Muslims who formed 66.27% of the population, 2,359,061 Hindus who formed 33.21% of the population, and 37, 173 persons belonging to other religions who formed 0.52% of the population, in the 2011 census. While the proportion of Muslim population in the district increased from 61.40% in 1991 to 63.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindu population declined from 38.39% in 1991 to 35.92% in 2001.
Bengali
Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to:
*something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia
* Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region
* Bengali language, the language they speak
** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
is the predominant language, spoken by 99.94% of the population.
Rural poverty
As per the Human Development Report 2004 for West Bengal, the rural poverty
Rural poverty refers to poverty in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.Janvry, A. de, E. Sadoulet, and R. Murgai. 2002“Rural Development and Rural Pol ...
ratio in Murshidabad district was 46.12%. Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts had higher rural poverty ratios. These estimates were based on Central Sample data of NSS 55th round 1999-2000.
Economy
Livelihood
In Naoda CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 25.57%, agricultural labourers 49.93%, household industry workers 3.08% and other workers 21.72%.
Infrastructure
There are 28 inhabited villages in Naoda CD block. 100% villages have power supply. 27 villages (97.43%) have drinking water supply. 21 villages (75.00%) have post offices. 26 villages (96.43%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 24 villages (85.71%) have a pucca approach road and 21 villages (75.00%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 14 villages (50.00%) have agricultural credit societies and 11 villages (39.29%) have banks.
Agriculture
From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following land reforms
Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...
land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Naoda CD block could be classified as follows: bargadar
Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s 3,241 (3.93%,) patta (document) holders 9,258 (11.23%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 5,388 (6.53%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 27,656 (33.54%) and agricultural labourers 36,920 (44.77%).[
Naoda CD block had 38 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 39 fair price shops in 2013-14.][
In 2013-14, Naoda CD block produced 429 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 148 hectares, 1,897 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 542 hectares, 6,760 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 2,328 hectares, 18,863 tonnes of wheat from 7,007 hectares, 253,332 tonnes of jute from 16,105 hectares and 17,050 tonnes of potatoes from 682 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.][
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Naoda CD block was 15,766 hectares, out of which 30 hectares were irrigated with tank water, 950 hectares by river lift irrigation, 536 hectares by deep tube wells, and 14,250 hectares by other means.][
]
Silk and handicrafts
Murshidabad is famous for its silk industry since the Middle Ages. There are three distinct categories in this industry, namely (i) Mulberry
''Morus'', a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae, consists of diverse species of deciduous trees commonly known as mulberries, growing wild and under cultivation in many temperate world regions. Generally, the genus has 64 identif ...
cultivation and silkworm rearing (ii) Peeling of raw silk (iii) Weaving of silk fabrics.
Ivory carving is an important cottage industry from the era of the Nawabs. The main areas where this industry has flourished are Khagra and Jiaganj. 99% of ivory craft production is exported. In more recent years sandalwood etching has become more popular than ivory carving. Bell metal and Brass utensils are manufactured in large quantities at Khagra, Berhampore, Kandi and Jangipur. Beedi
A beedi (also spelled bidi or biri) is a thin cigarette or mini-cigar filled with tobacco flake and commonly wrapped in a tendu (''Diospyros melanoxylon'') or ''Piliostigma racemosum'' leaf tied with a string or adhesive at one end. It origi ...
making has flourished in the Jangipur subdivision.[
]
Banking
In 2013-14, Naoda CD block had offices of 9 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[
]
Backward Regions Grant Fund
Murshidabad district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund
Backward or Backwards is a relative direction.
Backwards or Sdrawkcab (the word "backwards" with its letters reversed) may also refer to:
* "Backwards" (''Red Dwarf''), episode of sci-fi TV sitcom ''Red Dwarf''
** ''Backwards'' (novel), a nov ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.
Transport
Naoda CD block has 10 ferry services and 2 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 22 km from the CD Block headquarters.[
Baharampur-Patikabari Ghat Road passes through this block.
]
Education
In 2013-14, Naoda CD block had 109 primary schools with 11,457 students, 12 middle schools with 1,710 students, 3 high school with 1,948 students and 13 higher secondary schools with 24,705 students. Naoda CD block had 1 general with 1,979 students and 332 institutions for special and non-formal with 14,133 students[
]Jatindra Rajendra Mahavidyalaya
Jatindra Rajendra Mahavidyalaya, () also known as Amtala College established in 1986, is a general degree college of Amtala, Murshidabad, Amtala in Murshidabad district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to University of K ...
was established in 1986 at Amtala
Amtala is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Bishnupur police station in the Bishnupur II CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Area overview
The ...
. Guru Prasad Biswas and Birendranath Biswas made a handsome contribution, and the was named after the fathers of both the donors. Affiliated with the University of Kalyani
The University of Kalyani, established in 1960, is a Government of West Bengal administered, UGC affiliated, NAAC accredited, collegiate Public Research university in Kalyani, West Bengal, India. It offers courses at the Undergraduate, Post ...
, it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Arabic, history, philosophy, political science and .
In Naoda CD block, amongst the 28 inhabited villages, all villages have a , 26 villages have more than 1 primary , 22 villages have at least 1 primary and 1 middle and 13 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary .
Healthcare
In 2014, Naoda CD block had 1 rural hospital, 5 primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 82 beds and 9 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 32 family welfare subcentres. 20,828 patients were treated indoor and 353,608 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[
Naoda CD block has Amtala Rural Hospital at ]Amtala
Amtala is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Bishnupur police station in the Bishnupur II CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Area overview
The ...
(with 50 beds), Gangadhari Primary Health Centre (with 10 beds), Sabdarnagar PHC (wth 10 beds), Tungi PHC (with 6 beds), Sarbangapur PHC (with 2 beds) and Patkabari PHC (with 10 beds).
Naoda CD block is one of the areas of Murshidabad district where ground water is affected by high level of arsenic contamination. The WHO
Who or WHO may refer to:
* Who (pronoun), an interrogative or relative pronoun
* Who?, one of the Five Ws in journalism
* World Health Organization
Arts and entertainment Fictional characters
* Who, a creature in the Dr. Seuss book '' Horton He ...
guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. All but one of the 26 blocks of Murshidabad district have arsenic contamination above the WHO level, all but two of the blocks have arsenic concentration above the Indian Standard value and 17 blocks have arsenic concentration above 300 mg/litre. The maximum concentration in Naoda CD block is 3,003 mg/litre.
External links
References
{{Murshidabad topics
Community development blocks in Murshidabad district