Muri (Japanese term)
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is a
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...
word meaning "unreasonableness; impossible; beyond one's power; too difficult; by force; perforce; forcibly; compulsorily; excessiveness; immoderation",''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'' (2003), 5th edition, Tokyo: Kenkyusha, p. 2537. and is a key concept in the
Toyota Production System The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota, that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The TPS is a management system that organizes manufacturing and logistics for the automobile ma ...
(TPS) as one of the three types of waste (''
muda Muda or MUDA or MuDA may refer to: People * Sultan Muda (1579–1579), nominal Sultan of Aceh * Tycho Muda (born 1988), Dutch rower * Vincent Muda (born 1988), Dutch rower Places * Muda, Estonia, a village * Mudá, Spain *Muda River, Malaysi ...
'', '' mura'', ''muri''). A direct example of Muri is asking workers to stay focused for a period exceeding 8 hrs. a day or expecting a machine to produce more than it can in a given time. Some of the most common reasons why production systems experience overburdening: * Unmeasured system capacity, despite assigning production expectations in set numbers * A suboptimal technical condition of used machines, or untrained staff * Poor communication across the team and manager


Avoidance of muri in Toyota manufacturing

Muri is one of three types of waste (
muda Muda or MUDA or MuDA may refer to: People * Sultan Muda (1579–1579), nominal Sultan of Aceh * Tycho Muda (born 1988), Dutch rower * Vincent Muda (born 1988), Dutch rower Places * Muda, Estonia, a village * Mudá, Spain *Muda River, Malaysi ...
, mura, muri) identified in the
Toyota Production System The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota, that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The TPS is a management system that organizes manufacturing and logistics for the automobile ma ...
. Waste reduction is an effective way to increase profitability. Muri can be avoided through ''standardized work''. To achieve this a ''standard condition'' or output must be defined to assure effective judgment of quality. Then every process and function must be reduced to its simplest elements for examination and later recombination. The process must then be standardized to achieve the defined condition. This is done by taking simple work elements and combining them, one-by-one into standardized work sequences. In manufacturing, this includes: * Work flow, or logical directions to be taken, * Repeatable process steps and machine processes, or rational methods to get there, and *
Takt time Takt time, or simply Takt, is a manufacturing term to describe the required product assembly duration that is needed to match the demand. Often confused with cycle time, takt time is a tool used to design work and it measures the average time in ...
(combined with production/demand leveling to provide for reasonable lengths of time and endurance allowed for a process e.g. if the takt is 10 minutes while there is no realistic way for a process to do its work in less than 10 minutes, Muri is the natural outcome). When everyone knows the standard condition, and the standardized work sequences, the results observed include: * Heightened employee morale (due to close examination of ergonomics and safety) * Higher quality * Improved productivity * Reduced costs


Implementation

In fact the big contribution of
Henry Ford Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, business magnate, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production. By creating the first automobile that mi ...
and his manufacturing techniques was the reduction of Muri and not so much the
production line A production line is a set of sequential operations established in a factory where components are assembled to make a finished article or where materials are put through a refining process to produce an end-product that is suitable for onward c ...
itself. In order for the production line to function each station on the line had to achieve standard work because the next station was only equipped to work on standard condition components. The Ford production line approximates to an implementation of
Takt time Takt time, or simply Takt, is a manufacturing term to describe the required product assembly duration that is needed to match the demand. Often confused with cycle time, takt time is a tool used to design work and it measures the average time in ...
which gives enough time to perform the standard work.


References

{{Lean Manufacturing Tools Japanese business terms Lean manufacturing