Milton Wainwright
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Milton Wainwright (born 23 February 1950) is a British microbiologist who is known for his research into what he claims could be extraterrestrial life found in the stratosphere.


Biography

Wainwright graduated from the
University of Nottingham , mottoeng = A city is built on wisdom , established = 1798 – teacher training college1881 – University College Nottingham1948 – university status , type = Public , chancellor ...
in the field of
botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...
. He obtained a PhD from the same university in the field of
mycology Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans, including as a source for tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogen ...
. From 1974-1975 he went to the
National Research Council of Canada The National Research Council Canada (NRC; french: Conseil national de recherches Canada) is the primary national agency of the Government of Canada dedicated to science and technology research & development. It is the largest federal research ...
as postdoctoral fellow, where he obtained a qualification in
environmental microbiology A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale f ...
. From 1975-1986, he was a Lecturer in Microbiology at the
University of Sheffield , mottoeng = To discover the causes of things , established = – University of SheffieldPredecessor institutions: – Sheffield Medical School – Firth College – Sheffield Technical School – University College of Sheffield , type = Pu ...
.


Research

Wainwright's interests are in astrobiology and the history of science. In 2008, he claimed that the idea of
natural selection Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Cha ...
is not original to
Charles Darwin Charles Robert Darwin ( ; 12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all species of life have descended ...
's or Alfred Russel Wallace's theory. Also, he has claimed that the
red rain in Kerala The Kerala red rain phenomenon was a blood rain event that occurred in Wayanad district region of Malabar on Monday, 15 July 1957 and the colour subsequently turned yellow and also 25 July to 23 September 2001, when heavy downpours of red-col ...
is a biological entity. Wainwright has also written widely about the history of the discovery of penicillin (including that
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
’s life was saved by the drug) and
streptomycin Streptomycin is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, ''Mycobacterium avium'' complex, endocarditis, brucellosis, ''Burkholderia'' infection, plague, tularemia, and rat bite fever. F ...
and on the hypothesis that bacteria and other non-virus microbes cause cancer. In the 1980´s Wainwright interviewed
Rutgers University Rutgers University (; RU), officially Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a public land-grant research university consisting of four campuses in New Jersey. Chartered in 1766, Rutgers was originally called Queen's College, and was ...
faculty members for his 1990 book on antibiotics, ''Miracle Cure'', asking questions about
Albert Schatz (scientist) Albert Israel Schatz (2 February 1920 – 17 January 2005) was an American microbiologist and academic who discovered streptomycin, the first antibiotic known to be effective for the treatment of tuberculosis. He graduated from Rutgers Universi ...
, which piqued the curiosity of some professors, who made their own inquiries and spoke with Schatz. A group of them began to lobby for Schatz's rehabilitation, because they were convinced that Schatz had been the victim of an injustice when the 1952
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, accord ...
was awarded solely to
Selman Waksman Selman Abraham Waksman (July 22, 1888 – August 16, 1973) was a Jewish Russian-born American inventor, Nobel Prize laureate, biochemist and microbiologist whose research into the decomposition of organisms that live in soil enabled the discover ...
. This culminated in Rutgers awarding Schatz the 1994 Rutgers University Medal, the university's highest honor. Wainwright identifies as an agnostic."Milton Wainwright"
British Centre for Science Education.


Books

* *


Honours and awards

*Honorary Professor, Cardiff University, Great Britain, 2009 *Honorary Professor,
King Saud University King Saud University (KSU, ar, جامعة الملك سعود) is a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Established in 1957 by King Saud bin Abdulaziz to address the country's skilled worker shortage, it is the first university in the K ...
, Saudi Arabia, 2010 *Honorary Professor and Fellow of the Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology,
University of Buckingham , mottoeng = Flying on Our Own Wings , established = 1973; as university college1983; as university , type = Private , endowment = , administrative_staff = 97 academic, 103 support , chanc ...
, Great Britain, 2012


Articles

*Wainwright, M., Al Harbi, S. and Wickramasinghe, N.C. (2006). ''How do microorganisms reach the stratosphere?'' ''International Journal of Astrobiology'' 5,13–15. *Shivaji, S., Chaturvedi, P., Kuresh, K., Redy, C.B.S., Wainwright, M. ''et al''. (2006). ''Bacillus aerius sp. nov. isolated from cryogenic tubes used for collecting air samples from high altitudes''. ''International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology'' 56,1465–1473. *Wainwright, M. (2008). ''Some highlights in the history of mycology—a personal journey''. ''Fungal Biology Reviews'', 7, 2297–102. *Wainwright, M., Leswd, A. and Alshammari, F. (2009). ''Bacteria in amber coal and clay in relation to lithopanspermia''. ''International Journal of Astrobiology'' 8,141–143. *Wainwright, M. (2010). ''The overlooked link between non-virus microbes and cancer''. ''Science Progress'' 93, 393–40. *Wainwright, M. (2002). ''Do fungi play a role in the aetiology of cancer?'' ''Reviews of Medical Microbiology'' 13, 1–6. *Wainwright, M. (2006). ''The potential role of non-virus microorganisms in cancer''. ''Current Trends in Microbiology'' 2, 48–59. *Wainwright, M. (2010)
''The origin of species without Darwin and Wallace''
Saudi J Biol Sci. 17, 187–204. *Wainwright, M. (2011). ''Charles Darwin mycologist and refuter of his own myth''. ''Fungi'' 4, 12–20. *Wainwright, M. (1991). ''Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy''. ''Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences'' 13, 97–124. *Wainwright, M. and Swan, H.T. (1986). ''C.G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical record of penicillin therapy''. ''Medical History'' 30, 42–56.


See also

*
Panspermia Panspermia () is the hypothesis, first proposed in the 5th century BCE by the Greek philosopher Anaxagoras, that life exists throughout the Universe, distributed by space dust, meteoroids, asteroids, comets, and planetoids, as well as by spacec ...
* Chandra Wickramasinghe


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Wainwright, Milton British microbiologists Living people 1950 births Alumni of the University of Nottingham Academics of the University of Sheffield Astrobiologists