Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre (in

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

: Archeparchia Tyrensis Maronitarum) is an Archeparchy of the

Maronite Church The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic ''sui iuris'' particular church in full communion with the pope and the worldwide Catholic Church, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. The current head of the Maro ...

immediately subject to the

Maronite Patriarch of Antioch This is a list of the Maronite patriarchs of Antioch and all the East, the Primate (bishop), primate of the Maronite Church, one of the Eastern Catholic Churches. Starting with Paul Peter Massad in 1854, after becoming patriarch of the Maronite Ca ...

. In 2014 there were 42,500 baptized. It is currently ruled by Archeparch Charbel Abdallah.

Territory and statistics

The archeparchy extends its jurisdiction over the Maronite faithful of

Southern Lebanon Southern Lebanon () is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate. The two entities were divided from the same province in the early 1990s. The Rashaya and Western Beqaa Districts, the southernmost distric ...

. Its archeparchial seat is the city of Tyre. The territory of the archeparchy is divided into 22 parishes and in 2014 there were 42,500 Maronite Catholics.

History

MaroniteCathedralOurLadyOfTheSeas TyreLebanon RomanDeckert04092019

The eparchy of Tyre, together with that of

Sidon Sidon ( ; he, צִידוֹן, ''Ṣīḏōn'') known locally as Sayda or Saida ( ar, صيدا ''Ṣaydā''), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, of which it is the capital, on the Mediterranean coast. ...

, dating back to the dawn of the

(5th century). The Synod of Mount Lebanon in 1736 canonically established the Eparchy of Tyre and Sidon, which was the seat of their patriarch from 1819 to 1837. In 1838 Tyre became a separated Eparchy. In the second half of the 19th century, the

Maronite The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the larges ...

cathedral of "Notre Dame Des Mers" ("Our Lady of the Seas") was constructed near the modern harbour on the foundations of an ancient church. It features a pink marble tabernacle whose foot is encrusted with a black marble anchor. ExOssibusStChristinae MaroniteCathedralTyre RomanDeckert04102019

ExOssibusStChristinae MaroniteCathedralTyre RomanDeckert04102019

Pierre Bostani Pierre Bostani or Boutros Boustani (November 1819 – 15 November 1899) was a Maronite Church, Maronite prelate, Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, Assistant to the Pontifical Throne, Archbishop of Tyre, Lebanon, Tyre and Sidon, Count of Rome, ...

became Archbishop of Tyre on October 5, 1866. Bostani was born in Debbié in November 1819 and ordained a Maronite priest on 12 October 1842. He was quickly called upon by the Archbishop of Tyre who named him as his private secretary. In 1845, Bostani was asked by the Maronite Patriarch to act as his private secretary and Vicar General of the Maronite Patriarchy. On 28 July 1856, Maronite Patriarch Massad named him Coadjutor Archbishop of Tyre and Bishop of Saint-John-Acre. Bostani travelled to Rome in June 1867 where he was named Assistant to the Pontifical Throne by

Pope Pius IX Pope Pius IX ( it, Pio IX, ''Pio Nono''; born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was head of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878, the longest verified papal reign. He was notable for convoking the First Vatican ...

on June 17, 1867. He personally headed the Maronite delegation that attended the

First Vatican Council The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, after a period of planning and preparation that began on 6 December 1864. This, the twentieth ecu ...

in Rome in 1869. TyreSourLebanon Maronite SanctuaireDesSaintsMartyrsDeTyr RomanDeckert07082019

In 1965 the eparchy of Tyre was elevated to the rank of Archeparchy. After the kidnapping of Kevin Joyce, an

Irish Irish may refer to: Common meanings * Someone or something of, from, or related to: ** Ireland, an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe ***Éire, Irish language name for the isle ** Northern Ireland, a constituent unit ...

soldier of the

United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon ( ar, قوة الأمم المتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, he, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL ( ar, يونيفيل, he, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping m ...

(UNIFIL), by Palestinian militants in April 1981, Archbishop

Maroun Khoury Sader Maroun Khoury Sader ( ar, مارون خوري صادر), (born on December 25, 1926, Ain Ebel, Lebanon – died on August 26, 2015) was a Maronite Archeparch of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre. Life Ordained to the priesthood on May 1 ...

worked with the Irish UNIFIL battalion in efforts to recover his remains. On 8 June 1996, the Archeparchy lost a portion of its territory for the creation of the

Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Haifa and the Holy Land The Archeparchy of Haifa and the Holy Land (in Latin: Archieparchia Ptolemaidensis Maronitarum in the Holy Land) is a branch of the Maronite Church immediately subject to the Patriarch of Antioch of the Maronites. Since 2012, it has been governed ...

. In 2005,

ancient Ancient history is a time period from the History of writing, beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian language, Sumerian c ...

remains - stone walls as well as

terracotta Terracotta, terra cotta, or terra-cotta (; ; ), in its material sense as an earthenware substrate, is a clay-based ceramic glaze, unglazed or glazed ceramic where the pottery firing, fired body is porous. In applied art, craft, construction, a ...

ivory Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally from elephants) and teeth of animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of teeth and tusks. The chemical structure of the teeth and tusks of mammals is ...

objects, and

painting Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ...

s - were discovered during

excavations In archaeology, excavation is the exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains. An excavation site or "dig" is the area being studied. These locations range from one to several areas at a time during a project and can be condu ...

underneath the cathedral. According to the Directorate General of Antiquities, it was a

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...

-era food store which had been built on the site of a building from the

Hellenistic period In Classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 3 ...

. It was apparently destroyed in the 6th century by an

earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...

. Next to the archaeological site in the basement is the

Sanctuary A sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sanctuary, a saf ...

of the

Holy Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers. The property is often ascribed to objects (a ...

Martyr A martyr (, ''mártys'', "witness", or , ''marturia'', stem , ''martyr-'') is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an externa ...

s of Tyre, which has a number of

relic In religion, a relic is an object or article of religious significance from the past. It usually consists of the physical remains of a saint or the personal effects of the saint or venerated person preserved for purposes of veneration as a tangi ...

s on display, amongst them pieces of bones from Saint Christina of Tyre.

Eparchs

* Ignatius, (before 1736 - after 1746) *

Michael Fadel Michael II Fadel (born in 1710 in Beirut, Lebanon - died on May 17, 1795 in Dayr Harrash, Lebanon), (or Mikhail Fadil, ar, ميخائيل الثاني فاضل), was a Lebanese priest and Maronite Archeparch of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchie ...

, (1762 - in 1786 confirmed Archeparch of Beirut) * Simon Zevain (referred on 25 May 1823), (patriarchal vicar with the title of Tyre)vol. V, pp. 1-2 e 6.
/ref> * Abdallah Bostani (Elbostari), (15 August 1819 - 1837 or 1838) (Patriarchal Vicar with the title of Sidon) * Abdallah Bostani (Elbostari), (1837 or 1838 - 1866 deceased) *

, (October 5, 1866 - November 15, 1899 deceased) * Paul Basbous, (25 September 1900 consecrated -?) * Chucrallah Khoury, MLM (31 January 1906 - 11 February 1934 deceased) *

Paul Peter Meouchi Moran Mor Paul II Peter Meouchi (born April 1, 1894, Jezzine, Lebanon – died on January 11, 1975, Bkerké, Lebanon), (or ''Boulos Boutros el-Meouchi'', ''Meoushi'', ar, بولس الثاني بطرس المعوشي) was the 74th Maronite List ...

, (April 19, 1934 - May 25, 1955 elected patriarch of Antioch) * Michael Doumith, (April 21, 1956 - December 11, 1959 appointed Bishop of Sarba) * Joseph Khoury, (11 December 1959 - 1965)

Archeparchs

MaroniteArchbishopOfTyreSour ShukrallahNabilElHajj RomanDeckert03102019

Joseph Khoury, (1965 - February 5, 1992 deceased) *

, (1 June 1992 - 25 September 2003 withdrawn) *

Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage (in Arabic: شكرالله نبيل الحاج), also transliterated Shukrallah Nabil El Hajj, (born on 26 February 1943 in Hajjeh, Lebanon) was the Archeparch of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre from 2003 until ...

, (25 September 2003 - 1 November 2020, retired) * Charbel Abdallah (since 1 November 2020)

References

External links

* http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dtyma.html * http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/tyrz1.htm * https://books.google.fr/books?id=GyoVNaDqtY8C&pg=PA76&dq=Actes+et+histoire+du+concile+oecum%C3%A9nique+de+Rome+archeveque+de+tyr+et+de+sidon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi7gLbHnu3KAhVJtBoKHZ42AsMQ6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&q=Actes%20et%20histoire%20du%20concile%20oecum%C3%A9nique%20de%20Rome%20archeveque%20de%20tyr%20et%20de%20sidon&f=false *https://books.google.fr/books?id=MYrULCb95m4C&pg=PA39&dq=Les+P%C3%A8res+du+concile+du+Vatican+pierre+bostani&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiqi7eul-3KAhUGWRoKHbKnDVQQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=Les%20P%C3%A8res%20du%20concile%20du%20Vatican%20pierre%20bostani&f=false {{coord, 33.2689, N, 35.2164, E, source:wikidata, display=title Maronite Church in Lebanon Maronite Catholic eparchies

Territory and statistics

History

Eparchs

Archeparchs

See also

References

External links