MacArthur Park (song)
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"MacArthur Park" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Jimmy Webb that was recorded first by Irish actor and singer Richard Harris in 1968. Harris's version peaked at number two on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart and number four on the UK Singles Chart. "MacArthur Park" was subsequently covered by numerous artists, including a 1969
Grammy The Grammy Awards (stylized as GRAMMY), or simply known as the Grammys, are awards presented by the Recording Academy of the United States to recognize "outstanding" achievements in the music industry. They are regarded by many as the most pre ...
-winning version by country music singer Waylon Jennings and a number one ''Billboard'' Hot 100 disco arrangement by
Donna Summer LaDonna Adrian Gaines (December 31, 1948May 17, 2012), known professionally as Donna Summer, was an American singer and songwriter. She gained prominence during the disco era of the 1970s and became known as the " Queen of Disco", while her mus ...
in 1978.Boucher, Geoff
"'MacArthur Park' Jimmy Webb , 1968"
'' Los Angeles Times'', June 10, 2007. Retrieved June 1, 2015
In 1967, producer Bones Howe had asked Webb to create a pop song with different movements and changing time signatures. Webb delivered "MacArthur Park" to Howe with "everything he wanted", but Howe did not care for the ambitious arrangement and unorthodox lyrics and the song was rejected by the group The Association, for whom it had been intended.


Jimmy Webb songwriting


Composition

"MacArthur Park" was written and composed by Jimmy Webb in the summer and fall of 1967 as part of an intended
cantata A cantata (; ; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb ''cantare'', "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir. The meaning of ...
. Webb brought the entire cantata to The Association, but the group rejected it. The inspiration for the song was his relationship and breakup with Susie Horton. MacArthur Park, in Los Angeles, was where the couple would occasionally meet for lunch and spent their most enjoyable times together. At that time (the middle of 1965), Horton worked for Aetna insurance, whose offices were across the street from the park. When asked by interviewer Terry Gross what was going through his mind when he wrote the song's lyrics, Webb replied that it was meant to be symbolic and referred to the end of a love affair. In an interview with ''Newsday'' in October 2014, Webb explained: Webb and Horton remained friends, even after her marriage to another man. The breakup was also the primary influence for " By the Time I Get to Phoenix", another song written and composed by Webb. The idea to write and compose a classically structured song with several movements that could be played on the radio came from a challenge by music producer Bones Howe, who produced recordings for The Association.


Richard Harris original version


Background and release

"MacArthur Park" was first recorded by Richard Harris, after he met the composer at a fundraiser in East Los Angeles, California in late 1967. Webb had been invited to provide the musical backdrop at the piano. Out of the blue, Harris, who had just starred in the film '' Camelot'' and had performed several musical numbers in it, suggested to Webb that he wanted to release a record. At first, Webb did not take Harris seriously, but later he received a telegram from Harris requesting that Webb "come to London and make a record". Webb flew to London and played Harris a number of songs for the project, but none seemed to fit Harris for his pop music debut. The last song that Webb played for Harris was "MacArthur Park". The track was recorded on December 21, 1967, at Armin Steiner's Sound Recorders in
Hollywood Hollywood usually refers to: * Hollywood, Los Angeles, a neighborhood in California * Hollywood, a metonym for the cinema of the United States Hollywood may also refer to: Places United States * Hollywood District (disambiguation) * Hollywood, ...
. String, woodwind, and brass overdubs were recorded over two sessions on December 29 and 30. The musicians in the original studio recording included members of the Wrecking Crew of Los Angeles-based studio musicians who played on many of the hit records of the 1960s and 1970s. Personnel used included Hal Blaine on drums, Larry Knechtel on keyboards,
Joe Osborn Joseph Osborn (August 28, 1937 – December 14, 2018Tommy Tedesco and Mike Deasy on guitars, along with Webb himself on
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. The song was included on Harris's album '' A Tramp Shining'' in 1968 and selected for release as a single, an unusual choice, given the song's length and complex structure. It was released in April 1968 and was played by 77 WABC on Tuesday April 9, 1968. It made its way onto the Hot 100 at number 79 on May 11, 1968, peaking at number 2 on June 22, 1968, behind Herb Alpert's " This Guy's in Love with You". It peaked at number 10 on ''Billboard's'' Easy Listening survey and was number 8 on WABC's overall 1968 chart. It topped the music charts in Europe and Australia and also won the 1969 Grammy Award for Best Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s).


Chart history


Weekly charts


Year-end charts


Donna Summer version


Background and release

In September 1978, American singer
Donna Summer LaDonna Adrian Gaines (December 31, 1948May 17, 2012), known professionally as Donna Summer, was an American singer and songwriter. She gained prominence during the disco era of the 1970s and became known as the " Queen of Disco", while her mus ...
released a multi-million selling vinyl single
disco Disco is a genre of dance music and a subculture that emerged in the 1970s from the United States' urban nightlife scene. Its sound is typified by four-on-the-floor beats, syncopated basslines, string sections, brass and horns, electric pia ...
version of "MacArthur Park". The song reached number one on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 the week of November 11, 1978, for 3 weeks, and earned Summer her first nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Summer was also nominated for Favorite Pop/Rock Female at the American Music Awards where her album ''Live and More'' took the award for Favorite Disco Album. She became the first female artist of the modern era to have the number one single and album simultaneously on the ''Billboard'' pop charts (the week of November 11, 1978). Italian producer
Giorgio Moroder Giovanni Giorgio Moroder (, ; born 26 April 1940) is an Italian composer, songwriter, and record producer. Dubbed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, Father of Disco", Moroder is credited with pioneering euro disco and electronic dance mu ...
would recall that he and his collaborator Pete Bellotte had been interested in the concept of either remixing a track – as yet undecided on – which had been a hit in the 1960s or else remaking a 1960s hit as a dance track: Moroder – "I remember that I was driving in... on the Hollywood Freeway, and I heard the original song .e. "MacArthur Park" by Richard Harrison the radio. I thought: 'That's it – that's the song we've been looking for almost a year. Moroder asked Neil Bogart, president of Casablanca Records, to provide him with a copy of the Richard Harris version of "MacArthur Park" to serve as the basis for Moroder's envisioned discofied reinvention: Bogart obliged with an 8-track tape containing Harris's version, prompting Moroder to buy an 8-track player in order to hear it. Moroder readily identified "MacArthur Park" as (quote) "a great song for Donna – with all those high notes, it was perfect or her.. First, I ocateda key that she could sing really high, but still with a big voice – that took an hour or two. I played a little piano and she sang it with my accompaniment. We found a key and we had Greg Mathieson do the arrangement – and then I did something very special" – that "something very special" being Moroder's recording of his own voice to form a choir heard behind Summer on the song's chorus: "I recorded about 20 seconds of all the notes, which I was able to sing on a 24-track. I made a loop of those notes, and put that loop in the olid State Logicdesk. I could form eight chords by having C-E-G right on the group. I played the chords by moving the track according to the chord that I needed." Of basing a discofied arrangement on the template for Webb's arrangement on the Harris version Moroder would recall: "To be honest, it was a very difficult song to rrange especially the brass, but we had the best musicians in town." Summer's recording of "MacArthur Park", included as part of the "MacArthur Park Suite" on her double album ''
Live and More ''Live and More'' is the first live album recorded by American singer-songwriter Donna Summer, and it was her second double album, released on August 28, 1978 by Casablanca Records. The live concert featured on the first three sides of this dou ...
'', was eight minutes and forty seconds long. The shorter seven-inch vinyl single version – which omits the song's balladic second movement – afforded Summer her first #1 hit on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, also becoming the last of seven hit versions of compositions by Jimmy Webb to reach the Top Ten on the Hot 100, with "MacArthur Park" by Donna Summer being the only recording of a Webb composition to top the Hot 100. The nearly 18-minute
musical medley In music, a medley is a piece composed from parts of existing pieces played one after another, sometimes overlapping. They are common in popular music, and most medleys are songs rather than instrumentals. A medley which is a remixed series is ...
"MacArthur Park Suite" incorporated the original songs "One of a Kind" and " Heaven Knows", the latter being issued as the second single off ''Live and More''. This medley was also sold as a 12-inch (30 cm) vinyl recording, and it stayed at number one on ''
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''s
Hot Dance Club Songs Dance Club Songs is a chart published weekly by '' Billboard'' magazine in the United States. It is a national look over of club disc jockeys to determine the most popular songs being played in nightclubs across the country. It was launched as t ...
chart for five weeks in 1978. The versions of this medley in ''Live and More'' and in the 12-inch recording are notably different in the presentation of the two original songs. In the 12-inch version, "Heaven Knows" was extended to incorporate the instrumental string introduction and the bridge horn solo of the single version for radio stations, but left out the second verse, and "One of a Kind" was trimmed of a large part of the instrumental break but included the second verse. Lyrically, Summer's rendition is also curious, in that it adds the word "Chinese" to clarify what type of checkers were being played. "MacArthur Park Suite" was not included on the compact disc version of ''Live and More'' because of early CD limitations; however, the album version is available on 1987's '' The Dance Collection: A Compilation of Twelve Inch Singles''. The 12" Special One-Sided Disco DJ Single has been digitally remastered and included on the '' Bad Girls'' digipak double CD release. In 2012, "Live and More" was remastered in Japan and included the original LP version of the "MacArthur Park Suite". In 2013, the song was remixed by Laidback Luke for the Donna Summer remix album ''
Love To Love You Donna ''Love to Love You Donna'' is the remix album by American singer Donna Summer. It was released on 22 October 2013 by Verve Records Verve Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group (UMG). Founded in 1956 by Norman Granz ...
'' (it was also remixed by
Ralphi Rosario Ralphi Rosario is an American house musician and founding member of the influential Chicago DJ group Hot Mix 5. Biography When Hot Mix 5 was formed in 1981 on radio station WBMX (now WVAZ), Rosario, the youngest member of the group, was still in ...
and
Frank Lamboy Frank or Franks may refer to: People * Frank (given name) * Frank (surname) * Franks (surname) * Franks, a medieval Germanic people * Frank, a term in the Muslim world for all western Europeans, particularly during the Crusades - see Farang Cur ...
), which was released to dance clubs all over America, having a successful peaking at No. 1, giving Summer her first posthumous No. 1 and her twentieth No. 1 overall. British electronic duo
Pet Shop Boys The Pet Shop Boys are an English synth-pop duo formed in London in 1981. Consisting of primary vocalist Neil Tennant and keyboardist Chris Lowe, they have sold more than 50 million records worldwide, and were listed as the most successful duo i ...
used a sample of Summer's version in their 1999 song ''
New York City Boy "New York City Boy" is a song by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys, released on 27 September 1999 as the second single from their seventh studio album, ''Nightlife'' (1999). In the UK, the single peaked at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. ...
''.


Charts


Weekly charts


Year-end charts


All-time charts


Other versions

A cover version of "MacArthur Park" was recorded by country music singer Waylon Jennings on his 1969 album ''
Country-Folk Contemporary folk music refers to a wide variety of genres that emerged in the mid 20th century and afterwards which were associated with traditional folk music. Starting in the mid-20th century a new form of popular folk music evolved from tradit ...
'', which included the family group the Kimberlys. This version charted at number 23 on
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and number 93 on the Billboard Hot 100, making its chart debut on August 23, 1969. It also won both acts the 1969 Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. It was revisited in 1976 by Jennings, on his album ''
Are You Ready for the Country ''Are You Ready for the Country'' is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1976. Recording and composition ''Are You Ready For the Country'' was the first solo LP Jennings released after the ...
''. In late 1969, Tony Bennett's cover reached No. 39 on the US Easy Listening chart and No. 40 Canadian Adult Contemporary. The
Four Tops The Four Tops are an American vocal quartet from Detroit who helped to define the city's Motown sound of the 1960s. The group's repertoire has included soul music, R&B, disco, adult contemporary, doo-wop, jazz, and show tunes. Founded as the ...
version (1971) reached number 38 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 37 in Canada. The
Andy Williams Howard Andrew Williams (December 3, 1927 – September 25, 2012) was an American singer. He recorded 43 albums in his career, of which 15 have been gold certified and three platinum certified. He was also nominated for six Grammy Awards. He hos ...
version (1972) debuted on the Easy Listening chart in early August and rose to number 26 over the course of five weeks. A cover version of "MacArthur Park" was recorded by Scottish progressive rock band Beggars Opera on their 1972 album '' Pathfinder''. Their eight-minute version was panned by music critic Paul Stump who said that the band "over-eggs the already indigestible pudding" of the song. According to one database there are at least 191 versions of the song.


See also

* List of number-one dance singles of 2013 (U.S.) * Jurassic Park (song)


References


External links


Cite from Fred Bronson, ''The Billboard Book of Number One Hits'', Billboard, 1988


{{authority control 1968 singles 1972 singles 1978 singles Songs written by Jimmy Webb Richard Harris songs Andy Williams songs Donna Summer songs Waylon Jennings songs Tony Bennett songs Glen Campbell songs Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles Cashbox number-one singles Song recordings produced by Giorgio Moroder Song recordings produced by Pete Bellotte RCA Records singles Disco songs Pop ballads Rock ballads Songs about Los Angeles Torch songs Four Tops songs Song recordings produced by Frank Wilson (musician) 1968 songs 1960s ballads Dunhill Records singles Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s) Casablanca Records singles Number-one singles in Australia RPM Top Singles number-one singles