''Myst'' is a franchise centered on a series of
adventure
An adventure is an exciting experience or undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme ...
video game
Video games, also known as computer games, are electronic games that involves interaction with a user interface or input device such as a joystick, controller, keyboard, or motion sensing device to generate visual feedback. This fee ...
s. The first game in the series, ''
Myst
''Myst'' is a graphic adventure/puzzle video game designed by the Miller brothers, Robyn and Rand. It was developed by Cyan, Inc., published by Broderbund, and initially released for the Macintosh in 1993. In the game, the player's charact ...
'', was released in 1993 by brothers
Rand
The RAND Corporation (from the phrase "research and development") is an American nonprofit global policy think tank created in 1948 by Douglas Aircraft Company to offer research and analysis to the United States Armed Forces. It is finan ...
and
Robyn Miller
Robyn Charles Miller (born August 6, 1966) is the co-founder of Cyan Worlds (originally Cyan) with brother Rand Miller. He served as co-designer of the popular computer game ''Myst'', which held the title of best-selling computer game from it ...
and their video game company
Cyan, Inc
Cyan, Inc., also known as Cyan Worlds, Inc., is an American video game developer. Founded as Cyan Productions by brothers Rand and Robyn Miller in 1987, the company is best known as the creator of the ''Myst'' series. The company is located in ...
. The first sequel to ''Myst'', ''
Riven
''Riven'' is a Adventure game#Puzzle adventure, puzzle adventure video game. It is the sequel to ''Myst'' and second in the Myst (series), ''Myst'' series of games. Developed by Cyan Worlds, it was initially published by Red Orb Entertainment, a ...
'', was released in 1997 and was followed by three more direct sequels: ''
Myst III: Exile'' in 2001, ''
Myst IV: Revelation'' in 2004, and ''
Myst V: End of Ages'' in 2005. A spinoff featuring a multiplayer component, ''
Uru: Ages Beyond Myst'', was released in 2003 and followed by two
expansion pack
An expansion pack, expansion set, supplement, or simply expansion is an addition to an existing role-playing game, tabletop game, video game or collectible card game. These add-ons usually add new game areas, weapons, objects, characters, or ...
s.
''Myst''s story concerns an explorer named
Atrus
The Myst (series), ''Myst'' series of adventure computer games deals with the events following the player's discovery of a mysterious book describing an island known as Myst. The book is no ordinary volume; it is a linking book, which serves as ...
who has the ability to write books that serve as links to other worlds, known as Ages. This practice of creating linking books was developed by an ancient civilization known as the D'ni, whose society crumbled after being ravaged by disease. The player takes the role of an unnamed person referred to as the
Stranger and assists Atrus by traveling to other Ages and solving puzzles. Over the course of the series, Atrus writes a new Age for the D'ni survivors to live on, and players of the games set the course the civilization will follow.
The brothers developed ''Myst'' after producing award-winning games for children. Drawing on childhood stories, the brothers spent months designing the Ages players would investigate. The name ''Myst'' came from
Jules Verne's novel ''
The Mysterious Island
''The Mysterious Island'' (french: L'Île mystérieuse) is a novel by Jules Verne, published in 1875. The original edition, published by Hetzel, contains a number of illustrations by Jules Férat. The novel is a crossover sequel to Verne's f ...
''. After ''Riven'' was released, Robyn left Cyan to pursue other projects, and Cyan began developing ''Uru''; developers
Presto Studios
Presto Studios was a computer game development company of the 1990s. The company is notable for its award-winning series '' The Journeyman Project'' as well as '' Myst III: Exile, the'' 2001 sequel to Cyan's Myst series.
In August 2002, Presto ...
and
Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (; ; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include '' Assassin's Creed'', ''Far Cry'', ...
created ''Exile'' and ''Revelation'' before Cyan returned to complete the series with ''End of Ages''. ''Myst'' and its sequels were critical and commercial successes, selling more than twelve million copies; the games drove sales of personal computers and
CD-ROM drives as well as attracting casual gamers with its nonviolent, methodical gameplay. The video games' success has led to three published novels in addition to soundtracks, a comic series, and television and movie pitches.
Story
''Myst''s story begins with the arrival of a people known as the D'ni on Earth, almost 10,000 years ago. The D'ni are an ancient race who used a special skill to create magical books that serve as portals to the worlds they describe, known as Ages. The D'ni build a great city and thriving civilization in caverns. A young geologist from the surface, Anna, stumbled upon the D'ni civilization. Learning the D'ni language, Anna becomes known as Ti'ana and marries a D'ni named Aitrus; the couple have a son named
Gehn. Soon after, D'ni is ravaged by a plague created by a man named A'Gaeris. Aitrus sacrifices himself to save his wife and child, killing A'Gaeris while Ti'ana and Gehn escape to the surface as the D'ni civilization falls.
Ti'ana raises Gehn until he runs away as a teenager, learning the D'ni Art of writing descriptive books. Ti'ana also cares for Gehn's son,
Atrus
The Myst (series), ''Myst'' series of adventure computer games deals with the events following the player's discovery of a mysterious book describing an island known as Myst. The book is no ordinary volume; it is a linking book, which serves as ...
, until Gehn arrives to teach Atrus the Art. Atrus realizes that his father is reckless and power-hungry, and with the help of Ti'ana and a young woman,
Catherine
Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria.
In the early Christ ...
, Atrus traps Gehn on his Age of Riven with no linking books. Atrus and Catherine marry and have two children,
Sirrus and Achenar
The ''Myst'' series of adventure computer games deals with the events following the player's discovery of a mysterious book describing an island known as Myst. The book is no ordinary volume; it is a linking book, which serves as a portal to th ...
. The brothers grow greedy, and, after plundering their father's Ages, they trap Catherine on Riven. When Atrus returns to investigate, the brothers strand him in a D'ni cavern before they themselves are trapped by special "prison" books. Through the help of a
Stranger, Atrus is freed and sends his benefactor to Riven to retrieve Catherine from the clutches of Gehn.
Sirrus and Achenar are punished for their crimes by being imprisoned in separate Ages until they reform.
Atrus writes a new Age called Releeshahn for the D'ni survivors to rebuild their civilization as he and Catherine settle back on Earth, raising a daughter named
Yeesha
The ''Myst'' series of adventure computer games deals with the events following the player's discovery of a mysterious book describing an island known as Myst. The book is no ordinary volume; it is a linking book, which serves as a portal to th ...
. As Atrus prepares to take the Stranger to Releeshahn, a mysterious man named
Saavedro
The ''Myst'' series of adventure computer games deals with the events following the player's discovery of a mysterious book describing an island known as Myst. The book is no ordinary volume; it is a linking book, which serves as a portal to th ...
appears and steals the Releeshahn Descriptive Book. The Stranger follows Saavedro through several Ages (which were used to train Sirrus and Achenar in the art of writing Ages) before finally recovering the book. Ten years later, Atrus asks for the Stranger's help in determining if his sons have repented after their lengthy imprisonment; the Stranger saves Yeesha from Sirrus's machinations, but Sirrus and a repentant Achenar are killed. D'ni is not fully restored until the creatures the D'ni enslaved, known as the Bahro, are freed.
Games
Development
![Rand & Robyn Miller Mysterium 2014 Q&A](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Rand_%26_Robyn_Miller_Mysterium_2014_Q%26A.jpg)
''Myst'' was originally conceptualized by brothers
Rand
The RAND Corporation (from the phrase "research and development") is an American nonprofit global policy think tank created in 1948 by Douglas Aircraft Company to offer research and analysis to the United States Armed Forces. It is finan ...
and
Robyn Miller
Robyn Charles Miller (born August 6, 1966) is the co-founder of Cyan Worlds (originally Cyan) with brother Rand Miller. He served as co-designer of the popular computer game ''Myst'', which held the title of best-selling computer game from it ...
. The Millers had created fictional worlds and stories as young children, influenced by the works of authors such as
J. R. R. Tolkien
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (, ; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer and philologist. He was the author of the high fantasy works ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''.
From 1925 to 1945, Tolkien was the Rawlins ...
,
Robert A. Heinlein
Robert Anson Heinlein (; July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science fiction author, aeronautical engineer, and naval officer. Sometimes called the "dean of science fiction writers", he was among the first to emphasize scientific accu ...
, and
Isaac Asimov.
They formed a video game company together called Cyan, Inc.; their first game, called ''
The Manhole
''The Manhole'' is an adventure video game in which the player opens a manhole and reveals a gigantic beanstalk, leading to fantastic worlds.
Summary
The game was first released on floppy disks in 1988 by Cyan, Inc. (now ''Cyan Worlds'') and d ...
'', won the Software Publishers Association award in 1988 for best use of the digital medium. Cyan produced other games, aimed at children; the Millers eventually decided their next project would be made for adults.
The brothers spent months designing the Ages comprising the game,
which were influenced by earlier whimsical "worlds" Cyan had made for children's games.
The game's name, as well as the overall solitary and mysterious atmosphere of the island, was inspired by the book ''
The Mysterious Island
''The Mysterious Island'' (french: L'Île mystérieuse) is a novel by Jules Verne, published in 1875. The original edition, published by Hetzel, contains a number of illustrations by Jules Férat. The novel is a crossover sequel to Verne's f ...
'' by
Jules Verne.
Robyn's unfinished novel, ''Dunnyhut'', influenced aspects of ''Myst''s story,
which was developed bit by bit as the brothers conceptualized the various worlds.
As development progressed, the Millers realized that they would need to have even more story and history than would be revealed in the game itself.
Realizing that fans would enjoy getting a deeper look at the story not in the games, the Millers produced a rough draft of what would become a novel, ''
Myst: The Book of Atrus''.
After the enormous response to ''Myst'', work quickly began on the next ''Myst'' game. Cyan moved from their garage to a new office and hired additional programmers, designers, and artists.
The game was to ship in late 1996, but the release was pushed back a year.
Development costs were between $5 and $10 million, many times ''Myst''s budget. After the release of ''Riven'', Robyn Miller left the company to pursue other projects, while Rand stayed behind to work on a ''Myst'' franchise.
![D'ni Letters Vs Numerals](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/D%27ni_Letters_Vs_Numerals.svg)
While Rand Miller stated Cyan would not make another sequel to ''Myst'',
Mattel
Mattel, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational toy manufacturing and entertainment company founded in January 1945 and headquartered in El Segundo, California. The company has presence in 35 countries and territories and sells products in more ...
(then the owner of the ''Myst'' franchise) offered the task of developing a sequel to several video game companies who created detailed story proposals and technology demonstrations.
Presto Studios
Presto Studios was a computer game development company of the 1990s. The company is notable for its award-winning series '' The Journeyman Project'' as well as '' Myst III: Exile, the'' 2001 sequel to Cyan's Myst series.
In August 2002, Presto ...
, makers of the ''
Journeyman Project'' adventure games, was hired to develop ''Myst III''. Presto spent millions developing the game and used the studio's entire staff to complete the project, which took two and a half years to develop.
Soon after ''Myst III: Exile'' was released, Presto was shut down,
and ''Exile'' publisher Ubisoft developed the sequel, ''Myst IV: Revelation'', internally. Meanwhile, Cyan produced the spinoff title ''
Uru: Ages Beyond Myst'', which included an aborted multiplayer component allowing players to cooperatively solve puzzles.
Cyan returned to produce what was billed as the final game in the series,
discarding live action sequences embedded in prerendered graphics for a world rendered in real time. The actors' faces were turned into textures and mapped onto digital characters, with the actor's actions synchronized by
motion capture. Shortly before release, Cyan closed down development, although this did not impact the release of the game; the company was able to rehire its employees a few weeks later, and continued to work on non-''Myst'' projects
and an attempted resurrection of ''Uru''s multiplayer component, ''
Myst Online''. Servers paid for by donation were set up in 2010, and the game went open-source in 2011.
Among the detailed elements of the ''Myst'' universe Cyan created was the language and culture of the D'ni. The civilization's numbers and writing first appeared in ''Riven'', and were important to solving some of the game's puzzles.
The D'ni language was the language presented in various games and novels of the ''Myst'' franchise, created by
Richard A. Watson. Several online D'ni dictionaries have been developed as part of the ongoing fan-based culture associated with the game.
Music
The music for each game in the ''Myst'' series has fallen to various composers. Originally, the Millers believed that any music or sound besides ambient noise would distract the player from the game and ruin the sense of reality; ''Myst'', therefore, was to have no music at all. A sound test eventually persuaded the developers that music heightened the sense of immersion rather than lessening it, and as such Robyn Miller composed 40 minutes of synthesized music for the game.
He would also produce the music for ''Riven'', which featured
leitmotifs for each of the main characters.
Virgin Records
Virgin Records is a record label owned by Universal Music Group. It originally founded as a British independent record label in 1972 by entrepreneurs Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell, and musician Tom Newman (musician), Tom Newman. It ...
bought the rights to the music and produced the soundtracks,
which were released in 1998.
For ''Myst III: Exile'' and ''Myst IV: Revelation'', composer
Jack Wall created the music, developing a more active musical style different from Miller's ambient themes. Wall looked at the increasing complexity of games as an opportunity to give players a soundtrack with as much force as a movie score,
and tried to create a distinctive sound that was still recognizable as ''Myst'' music.
In ''Revelation'', Wall adapted the themes for the recurring characters of ''Myst'',
and collaborated with
Peter Gabriel, who provided a song to the game as well as voicework.
The music for ''Uru: Ages Beyond Myst'' and ''Myst V: End of Ages'' was composed by
Tim Larkin
Tim Larkin is a composer and sound designer for Valve Corporation, Valve. Previously the audio director for Cyan Worlds, who produced the Myst series of Video game, computer games. Before working at Valve, he worked at Cyan, working as a sound de ...
, who had gotten involved in the series doing sound design for ''Riven''.
Larkin stepped away from his background as a jazz composer and musician to create music with less structure and without a definite beginning and end.
Larkin created different music depending on the location, giving each setting and Age a distinctive tone.
For ''End of Ages'', Larkin was unable to afford a full orchestra to perform his score, so he combined individual instrumentation with an array of synthesizers.
Adaptations
Rand and Robyn Miller both wanted to develop ''Myst''s back story into
novels. After the success of ''Myst'', publisher
Hyperion signed a three-book, US$1 million deal with the brothers.
David Wingrove
David Wingrove (born September 1954) is a British science fiction writer. He is well known as the author of the '' Chung Kuo'' novels. He is also the co-author (with Rand and Robyn Miller) of the three ''Myst'' novels.
Biography
Wingrove worked ...
worked from the Miller brothers' story outlines. The three books — ''Myst: The Book of Atrus'', ''Myst: The Book of Ti'ana'', and ''Myst: The Book of D'ni'' — were released in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively.
The books were later packaged together as ''
The Myst Reader
''The Myst Reader'' is a collection of three novels based on the ''Myst'' series of adventure games. The collection was published in September 2004 and combines three works previously published separately: ''The Book of Atrus'' (1995), ''The ...
''. A fourth novel, ''Myst: The Book of Marrim'', was planned but has not surfaced.
Cyan partnered with
Dark Horse Comics
Dark Horse Comics is an American comic book, graphic novel, and manga publisher founded in Milwaukie, Oregon by Mike Richardson in 1986. The company was created using funds earned from Richardson's chain of Portland, Oregon comic book shops know ...
in 1993 to release a four-part comic series called ''Myst: The Book of Black Ships''. The series would have focused on Atrus and his young sons, taking place before the events of ''Myst''. The first issue was released on September 3, 1997, but further books were canceled after Cyan decided the first issue did not live up to expectations.
Another comic, ''Myst #0: Passages'', was later released online.
Various proposals for films and television series based on the franchise were planned or rumored but never came to fruition. They include:
* The
Sci Fi Channel
Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi Channel, later shortened to Sci Fi; stylized as SYFY) is an American basic cable channel owned by the NBCUniversal Television and Streaming division of Comcast's NBCUniversal through NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment. Lau ...
announced a TV miniseries in 2002, but it never materialized. According to Rand Miller, none of the various proposals met Cyan's approval, or were too formulaic or silly.
*Independent filmmakers Patrick McIntire and Adrian Vanderbosch wanted to produce a motion picture based on the story revealed in the ''Myst'' novels and in 2006 sent a DVD proposal to Cyan The film was set to be based on the novel ''Myst: The Book of Ti'ana'', but no longer appears to be in production.
* In 2014,
Legendary Entertainment
Legendary Pictures Productions, LLC ( doing business as Legendary Entertainment or simply Legendary) is an American film production and mass media company based in Burbank, California, founded by Thomas Tull in 2000. The company has collaborated ...
announced that it was developing a television series based on ''Myst'', but nothing came of it.
In May 2015, ''Unwritten: Adventures in the Ages of MYST and Beyond'' was published by Inkworks Productions as an authorized, Myst-based pencil-and-paper
role-playing game. Unwritten was built on the popular
Fate Core RPG system with a focus on investigation and non-violent adventure. Two small supplements exist as background for game-players: The D'Ni Primer explaining the history of the D'Ni, and The Myst Saga giving a chronology of the Myst series.
In 2016, Cyan Worlds released the
Kickstarter-backed ''
Obduction
Obduction is a geological process whereby denser oceanic crust (and even upper mantle) is scraped off a descending ocean plate at a convergent plate boundary and thrust on top of an adjacent plate. When oceanic and continental plates converge ...
''. While ''Obduction'' is not narratively linked to ''Myst'', the game was considered by Rand Miller to be a
spiritual successor to the ''Myst'' series, borrowing several of its themes and puzzle-design approaches, as well as incorporating full-motion video in homage to ''Myst''. Robyn, who had left Cyan before this point, collaborated to help score the game and take on the role of one of the in-game characters.
In anticipation of the first game's 25th anniversary in September 2018, Cyan Worlds secured the necessary rights to release all of the ''Myst'' games, updated for modern Windows systems with assistance of
GOG.com
GOG.com (formerly Good Old Games) is a digital distribution platform for video games and films. It is operated by GOG sp. z o.o., a wholly owned subsidiary of CD Projekt based in Warsaw, Poland. GOG.com delivers DRM-free video games through it ...
to be released as a collected physical collectors edition. Further, Cyan launched a
Kickstarter in April 2018 to provide digital copies of the seven games as well as backer rewards including a simulated Linking Book, using an LCD screen inserted into a book binding. The Kickstarter was successfully funded, bringing in on a target goal.
On June 26, 2019,
Village Roadshow Entertainment Group
Village Roadshow Pictures is the American subsidiary of the Australian co-producer and co-financier of major Hollywood motion pictures established in 1986. It is a division under Village Roadshow Entertainment Group (VREG), which in turn is o ...
announced that they have acquired the rights to the franchise and plans to expand its mythology to develop a multi-platform universe that includes movies and TV series. They will work alongside Miller and his brother Ryan as well as Isaac Testerman and Yale Rice of Delve Media.
Reception and impact
Overall, the ''Myst'' series has been critically and commercially successful. Rand and Robyn Miller were expecting ''Myst'' to perform as well as previous Cyan titles, making enough money to fund the next project. Instead, ''Myst'' sold more than six million units, becoming the top-selling PC game of all time until ''
The Sims
''The Sims'' is a series of life simulation game, life simulation video games developed by Maxis and video game publisher, published by Electronic Arts. The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide, and it is one of the best-selling ...
'' surpassed ''Myst'' sales in 2002.
The first three games in the series have sold more than twelve million copies.
1UP.com
''1Up.com'' was an American entertainment website that focused on video games. Launched in 2003, ''1Up.com'' provided its own original features, news stories, game reviews, and video interviews, and also featured comprehensive PC-focused conten ...
writer Jeremy Parish noted that there have been two main opinions of ''Myst''s slow, puzzle-based gameplay; "Fans consider ''Myst'' an elegant, intelligent game for grown-ups, while detractors call it a soulless stroll through a digital museum, more art than game." Game industry executives were confused by ''Myst''s success, not understanding how an "interactive slide show" turned out to be a huge hit. Online magazine writer Russell Pitts of ''
The Escapist'' called ''Myst'' "unlike anything that had come before, weaving video almost seamlessly into a beautifully rendered world, presenting a captivating landscape filled with puzzles and mystery. In a game market dominated by ''
Doom
Doom is another name for damnation.
Doom may also refer to:
People
* Doom (professional wrestling), the tag team of Ron Simmons and Butch Reed
* Daniel Doom (born 1934), Belgian cyclist
* Debbie Doom (born 1963), American softball pitcher
* ...
'' clones and simulators, ''Myst'' took us by the hand and showed us the future of gaming. It took almost a decade for anyone to follow its lead." Critics from ''
Wired
''Wired'' (stylized as ''WIRED'') is a monthly American magazine, published in print and online editions, that focuses on how emerging technologies affect culture, the economy, and politics. Owned by Condé Nast, it is headquartered in San ...
'' and ''
Salon'' considered the games approaching the level of art,
while authors
Henry Jenkins and
Lev Manovich
Lev Manovich ( ) is an author of books on digital culture and new media, and professor of Computer Science at the Graduate Center, City University of New York. Manovich's current research and teaching focuses on digital humanities, social computin ...
pointed out the series as exemplifying the promise of new media to create unseen art forms.
The series caused a major shift in the adventure game genre. Unlike previous games, ''Myst'' attempted to keep players immersed in the world by removing all information not associated with the fictional world itself—no explanatory text, inventory, or score counters. ''Myst'' has also been cited as the reason for the decline of the adventure game genre; eager to capitalize on ''Myst''s success, publishers churned out mediocre ''Myst'' clones, which flooded the market. By ''Exile''s release, games like ''Myst'' were considered to be an "antiquated" form of gaming by some critics.
The title was widely credited as one of the first games to appeal not just to hardcore gamers but to casual players and demographics that generally did not play games,
such as women.
''Myst''s lack of conventional game elements—violence, dying, and failure—appealed to nongamers and those contemplating buying a computer. The Millers' decision to develop ''Myst'' for the nascent CD-ROM format helped boost interest and adoption of disc drives.
The game inspired a CD parody game called ''
Pyst'', written by comedian
Peter Bergman
Peter Michael Bergman (born June 11, 1953) is an American actor best known for his portrayals on soap operas, such as Cliff Warner on ''All My Children'' (1979–89) on ABC as well as Jack Abbott on ''The Young and the Restless'' (1989–prese ...
and featured
John Goodman
John Stephen Goodman (born June 20, 1952) is an American actor. He gained national fame for his role as the family patriarch Dan Conner in the American Broadcasting Company, ABC comedy series ''Roseanne'' (1988–1997; 2018), for which he rec ...
in video scenes.
Players traveled across the spoiled island of Myst after millions of players walked over it, with the parody game poking fun at elements of the prototype.
Fan conventions
The game has spawned annual
fan conventions around the world. Mysterium has been held since 2000, which grew out of the plans of a small group of fans who wanted to meet in person. Approximately 200 people attended the meeting in
Spokane, Washington
Spokane ( ) is the largest city and county seat of Spokane County, Washington, United States. It is in eastern Washington, along the Spokane River, adjacent to the Selkirk Mountains, and west of the Rocky Mountain foothills, south of the Cana ...
, which was held at the headquarters of
Cyan Worlds
Cyan, Inc., also known as Cyan Worlds, Inc., is an American video game developer. Founded as Cyan Productions by brothers Rand and Robyn Miller in 1987, the company is best known as the creator of the ''Myst'' series. The company is located in ...
, developers of the game. Subsequent conventions have been more formally planned, involving presentations and live music.
["Myst"ified fans find parity in fantastic worlds](_blank)
''Deseret Morning News
The ''Deseret News'' () is the oldest continuously operating publication in the American west. Its multi-platform products feature journalism and commentary across the fields of politics, culture, family life, faith, sports, and entertainment. Th ...
'', Scott Iwasaki, August 28, 2006 Similar to Mysterium, Mystralia is a gathering for Australia and New Zealand and has been held since 2005.
References
External links
Cyan Worlds
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myst (Series)
Video game franchises
Series of books
Multimedia works
Video games set in the 19th century
Video games set in the 21st century
Video game franchises introduced in 1993
Video games adapted into novels