Mohammad Hosayn Âyrom ( fa, سرلشگر محمدحسین آیرم) was a senior military leader of the
Pahlavi dynasty
The Pahlavi dynasty ( fa, دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, a non-aristocratic Mazanderani soldier in modern times, who ...
of
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
during the reign of king
Reza Shah
Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), ...
(r. 1925–41). He was the nephew of General
Teymur Xân Âyromlu and a first cousin of Queen
Tâj ol-Moluk Âyromlu. Only some members of the
Ayrums
Ayrums ( az, Ayrımlar, in Persian language, Persian often as ''Âyromlū'') are a Turkic peoples, Turkic tribe, considered to be a sub-ethnic group of Azerbaijanis after the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. They have been historically associat ...
family spelled their surname "Âyromlu" with the added suffix "-lu".
Biography
Born in 1882 in
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
(then part of the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
) as a member of the
Turkic Ayrom tribe, Ayrom soon joined the ranks of the
Persian Cossack Brigade
, image = Persian Cossack Brigade.jpg
, caption = Persian Cossack Brigade in Tabriz in 1909
, dates = 1879–1921
, disbanded = 6 December 1921
, count ...
and became an associate to
Reza Khan
,
, spouse = Maryam Savadkoohi Tadj ol-Molouk Ayromlu (queen consort)Turan AmirsoleimaniEsmat Dowlatshahi
, issue = Princess Hamdamsaltaneh Princess ShamsMohammad Reza Shah Princess Ashraf Prince Ali Reza Prince Gholam Reza Prin ...
(later Reza Shah). Ayrom climbed up the ranks swiftly, becoming a colonel of Iran's Cossack Brigade as early as 1901. Prior to the
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its monarchy and ad ...
, Ayrom reportedly spent some years in the Imperial Russian ranks, serving as an officer in the Tsarist army. He returned to Iran in 1921.
He became Chief of Iran's National Police (Shahrbāni) in 1931. At the height of his career, he was viewed as more powerful than a Cabinet member and
Reza Shah
Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), ...
's right-hand man. His abuses of his position included graft, framing innocent people and smuggling and seeing what was happening to others he pretended to be ill and left Iran permanently.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, Ayrom made active efforts in order to create a government in exile in Berlin, German-backed, under the name of Īrān-e āzād. The aims were to perform activity against the allied occupation of Iran, and to take over Iran as well after the German victory in the war. During the Allied occupation of Iran, when it led to the arrests of all sympathizers with Germany, Ayrom was "arrested and confined to a village in Germany".
He died on 31 March 1948 in
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein (), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (german: link=no, Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a German-speaking microstate located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland. Liechtenstein is a semi-constitutional monarchy ...
(where he had become a citizen) while staying there for medical treatment.
See also
*
Tadj ol-Molouk Ayromlou
Tâdj ol-Molouk ( fa, تاجالملوک; 17 March 1896 – 10 March 1982) was an Iranian royal, who was the Queen of Iran as the wife of Reza Shah, founder of the Pahlavi dynasty and Shah of Iran between 1925 and 1941. The title she was giv ...
*
General Teymūr Khan Ayromlou
*
Reza Shah Pahlavi
,
, spouse = Maryam Savadkoohi Tadj ol-Molouk Ayromlu (queen consort)Turan AmirsoleimaniEsmat Dowlatshahi
, issue = Princess Hamdamsaltaneh Princess ShamsMohammad Reza Shah Princess Ashraf Prince Ali Reza Prince Gholam Reza Prin ...
*
Colonel Pessian
Mohammad-Taqi Khan Pessian ( fa, محمدتقیخان پسیان; 1892 – 3 October 1921), more commonly known as Colonel Pessian, was an Iranian gendarme, fighter pilot and warlord who formed and led the short-lived Autonomous Government o ...
*
Ali Soheili
Ali Soheili ( fa, علی سهیلی; 1896 – 1 May 1958) was a Prime Minister of Iran.
Born in Tabriz, he served as Prime Minister in 1942, and Ambassador to Britain in 1953.
He has studied at Saint Louis school in Tehran.
The Tehran Confe ...
*
Amir Abdollah Tahmasebi
Abdollah Khan Amir Tahmasebi ( fa, عبدالله خان امیر طهماسبی, 1881–1928) was a Persian senior military commander, instrumental in the fall of the Qajar dynasty and rise to power of Reza Shah Pahlavi.
He first became ...
*
Sar Lashgar Buzarjomehri
General Karim Agha Khan Bouzarjomehri (1886–1951) was a leading Iranian military general and supporter of Reza Pahlavi.
Buzarjomehri started military training at 13 years of age, and became Reza Shah's most trusted figures.
He was banished ...
*
Mahmud Khan Puladeen
Major General Mahmud Khan Pulādeen ( fa, محمود خان پولادین; d. February 1928), also spelled as Pouladeen, was a senior military leader of the Reza Shah Pahlavi era.
In 1921, he served as personal guard to Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabataba ...
*
Amanullah Jahanbani
Amanollah Jahanbani ( fa, امان الله جهانبانى; 1891 – 1 February 1974) was a member of the Qajar dynasty and a senior general of Reza Shah Pahlavi.
Early life and education
Jahanbani was born in 1895. He was the great grandso ...
References
Sources
*
Imperial Iranian Army major generals
Iranian Azerbaijanis
1882 births
1948 deaths
Military personnel from Baku
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Iran
Iranian emigrants to Liechtenstein
Military personnel of the Russian Empire
{{iran-mil-bio-stub