''Mogrus ignarus'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all sp ...

in the

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

'' Mogrus'' that is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to Zimbabwe. The spider was first defined in 2000 by the Polish

arachnologist Arachnology is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and harvestmen. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of sp ...

Wanda Wesołowska Wanda Wesołowska (born 11 August 1950) is a Polish zoologist known for her work with jumping spiders. She has described more species of jumping spider than any contemporary writer, and is second only to Eugène Simon in the history of arachnolog ...

. It has a dark brown

carapace A carapace is a Dorsum (biology), dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tor ...

that is between and has two white stripes on the back and a white

abdomen The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. The abdomen is the front part of the abdominal segment of the torso. ...

that is between long and a large brown stripe that takes up one third of its back. The spider has brownish

legs A leg is a weight-bearing and locomotive anatomical structure, usually having a columnar shape. During locomotion, legs function as "extensible struts". The combination of movements at all joints can be modeled as a single, linear element ...

with long brown spines and hairs. It is similar to other '' Mogrus'' spiders. The male has a distinctive membrane and appendage at the base of its

embolus An embolus (; plural emboli; from the Greek ἔμβολος "wedge", "plug") is an unattached mass that travels through the bloodstream and is capable of creating blockages. When an embolus occludes a blood vessel, it is called an embolism or emb ...

on the

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

which distinguishes its from other species in the genus. The female has not been described.

Taxonomy

''Mogrus ignarus'' is a

that was first described by

in 2000. It is one of over 500

identified by the Polish

during her career. She allocated the species to the

'' Mogrus'', first raised by

Eugène Simon Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4, ...

in 1882. In

Wayne Maddison Wayne Paul Maddison , is a professor and Canada Research Chair at the departments of zoology and botany at the University of British Columbia, and the Director of the Spencer Entomological Collection at the Beaty Biodiversity Museum. His research ...

's 2015 study of spider phylogenetic classification, the genus ''Mogrus'' was placed in the

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

Simonida within the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Saltafresia. He considered that it a member of the

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

Salticini. Two years later, in 2017, Jerzy Prószyński grouped the genus with nine other genera of jumping spiders under the name Hyllines, which was named after the genus ''

Hyllus In Greek mythology, Hyllus (; Ancient Greek: Ὕλλος) or Hyllas (Ὕλᾱς) was son of Heracles and Deianira, husband of Iole, nursed by Abia. Mythology Heracles, whom Zeus had originally intended to be ruler of Argos, Lacedaemon and Mes ...

''. He used the shape of the

as a distinguishing sign for the group. Hyllines was itself tentatively placed within a supergroup named Hylloida. The species is named for a

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

word that can be translated unknown.

Description

The species is medium-sized. The male has a high dark brown

that is between long and between wide. It has two stripes made of white hairs that stretch down the middle of the back. The eye field is black and has brown bristles around the eyes. The clypeus is brown and very low. The

chelicerae The chelicerae () are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as "jaws", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs, or similarly ...

are rather long and have a covering of white hairs. The labium is brown. The

is between long and between wide. It is elongated and has a pattern on its back with the central third a brown stripe, the remainder white. The underside is dark, as are the

spinneret A spinneret is a silk-spinning organ of a spider or the larva of an insect. Some adult insects also have spinnerets, such as those borne on the forelegs of Embioptera. Spinnerets are usually on the underside of a spider's opisthosoma, and are ...

s. The

are brownish with long brown spines and hairs. The

pedipalp Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") and ...

s are dark. The

has a single upright pointed tibial apophysis and long thin

. The embolus has a membrane and long appendage at its base. This appendage helps distinguish the species from the otherwise similar ''

Mogrus antoninus ''Mogrus'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1882. Species it contains twenty-nine species, found only in Asia, Europe, and Africa: *'' Mogrus albogularis'' Simon, 1901 – South Africa *'' Mogrus ...

'', which lives in Central Asia. It is also similar to '' Mogrus mathisi'', with the wider palpal bulb and extension on the tegulum being the most obvious features that differentiate the other species as well as the lack of the embolus' membrane and appendage. The female has not been described.

Distribution

''Mogrus ignarus'' is

to Zimbabwe. The

holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several ...

was discovered in the Doddiebum Ranch alongside a larger

paratype In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Of ...

in 1985.

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q2268400 Endemic fauna of Zimbabwe Salticidae Spiders described in 2000 Spiders of Africa Taxa named by Wanda Wesołowska