Minuscule 113 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 134 ( Soden), is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printing, printed or repr ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th-century. The manuscript has complex contents, but some leaves of the codex were supplied on paper by a modern hand. It has full marginalia. The text represents the Byzantine tradition.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four

Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words an ...

s on 270 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, in 26 lines per page, with a wide margins (size of the text is ). The leaves are arranged ''in

quarto Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produc ...

'' (four leaves in

quires Various measures of paper quantity have been and are in use. Although there are no S.I. units such as quires and bales, there are ISO''ISO 4046-3:2002 Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 3: Paper-making terminology'' ( ...

). It has decorated headpieces (flowers). The large initial letters are decorated (zoomorphic motifs), the small initials are written in gold.Harley 1810
at the ''British Library'' It has breathings (

spiritus asper In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the rough breathing ( grc, δασὺ πνεῦμα, dasỳ pneûma or ''daseîa''; la, spīritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an sound before a vowel, d ...

and

spiritus lenis The smooth breathing ( grc, ψιλὸν πνεῦμα, psilòn pneûma; ell, ψιλή ''psilí''; la, spīritus lēnis) is a diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography. In Ancient Greek, it marks the absence of the voiceless glottal fricat ...

) and accents. The

nomina sacra In Christian scribal practice, nomina sacra (singular: ''nomen sacrum'' from Latin ''sacred name'') is the abbreviation of several frequently occurring divine names or titles, especially in Greek manuscripts of the Bible. A nomen sacrum consists ...

are written in an abbreviated way. Folios 1–13 were added on paper (possibly in the 16th century), with small initials and simple headpiece in red. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin of the text, and their (''titles'') at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin, with a references to the

Eusebian Canons Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...

(written below number of section). The conclusions of each section of text are written in geometric shapes. It contains Prolegomena of Cosmas, ''

Epistula ad Carpianum The ''Epistula ad Carpianum'' ("Letter to Carpian") or Letter of Eusebius is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus. In this letter, Eusebius explains his ingenious system of gospel harmon ...

'', the Eusebian tables in colours and gold, tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin for the church's readings, synaxaria (later hand), subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, and 24 pictures (portraits of Evangelists, important biblical stories, etc.).

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fo ...

with some alien readings.

Hermann von Soden Baron Hermann von Soden (16 August 1852 – 15 January 1914) was a German Biblical scholar, minister, professor of divinity, and textual theorist. Life Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on August 16, 1852, Soden was educated at the University of Tübinge ...

classified it to the textual family I^κ, now known as

Family Π Family Π is a group of New Testament manuscripts. Belonging to the Byzantine text-type, it is one of the textual families of this group. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie"), is drawn from the symbol used for the Codex P ...

Kurt Aland Kurt Aland (28 March 1915 – 13 April 1994) was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the '' Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung'' (Institute for New Testament Textua ...

did not place the Greek text of the codex in any

Category Category, plural categories, may refer to: Philosophy and general uses * Categorization, categories in cognitive science, information science and generally *Category of being * ''Categories'' (Aristotle) *Category (Kant) *Categories (Peirce) * ...

. According to the

Claremont Profile Method The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classif ...

it represents the textual family K^x in Luke 1 and Π473 in Luke 10 and Luke 20 (along with minuscule 473). It belongs to the textual cluster 1053 in Luke 1. The cluster has the following profile in Luke 10: 1, 8 15, 22, 23, 25, 30, 47, 48, 53, 57, 60, 63, 64, in Luke 20: 4, 8, 9, 13, 19, 24, 26, 28, 34, 61, 62. ; Some textual variants The word before the bracket is the reading of the

UBS UBS Group AG is a multinational Investment banking, investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres ...

edition. The profile of a manuscript is formed by noting the numbers of those test readings where the manuscript agrees with the bold reading. The readings which are not bold are those of the

Textus Receptus ''Textus Receptus'' (Latin: "received text") refers to all printed editions of the Greek New Testament from Erasmus's ''Novum Instrumentum omne'' (1516) to the 1633 Elzevir edition. It was the most commonly used text type for Protestant denomi ...

. Luke 10:1 — δυο δυο ] δυο Luke 10:2 — οπως ] οπως αν Luke 10:6 — εαν ] εαν μεν Luke 10:11 — εις τους ποδας ] omit Luke 10:12 — λεγω ] λεγω δε Luke 10:13 — Βηθσαιδα ] βηθσαιδαν Luke 10:16 — ακουων υμων ] υμων ακουων Luke 10:32 — ελθων ] omit Luke 10:32 — ιδων ] ιδων αυτον Luke 10:35 — τι ] τι δ' Luke 10:36 — πλησιον δοκει σοι ] δοκει σοι πλησιον Luke 10:39 — τον λογον ] των λογων Luke 10:41 — ειπεν αυτη ο κυριος (or Ιησους) ] ο κυριος ειπεν αυτη Luke 10:42 — γαρ ] δε Luke 20:1 — αρχιερεις ] ιερεις Luke 20:3 — υμας καγω ] καγω υμας Luke 20:3 — ενα λογον (=Textus Receptus) ] λογον ενα Luke 20:5 — δια τι ] πας ο λαος Luke 20:9 — τις ] omit Luke 20:12 — και τουτον ] κακεινον Luke 20:14 — διελογιζοντο ] διελογισαντο Luke 20:14 — κληρονομος ] κληρονομος δευτε Luke 20:19 — τας χειρας ] την χειρα Luke 20:34 — γαμισκονται ] εκγαμιζονται (Τextus Receptus reads: εκγαμισκονται) Luke 20:35 — γαμισκονται ] εκγαμιζονται (Τextus Receptus reads: εκγαμισκονται)

History

The place of origin of the codex is unknown. It is believed that it could have been written in Eastern Mediterranean (perhaps

Cyprus Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is geo ...

Palestine __NOTOC__ Palestine may refer to: * State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia * Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia * Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...

). The manuscript was bound in modern times. Griesbach dated the manuscript to the 10th or 11th century. Scrivener and Gregory dated the manuscript to the 11th century. Currently it is dated by the

INTF The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its G ...

to the 11th century. According to the inscription on the first folio it once belonged to Botiros (?), in the 16th century. It was a part of the collection of Robert Harley (1661–1724), and his son Edward Harley (1689–1741). In 1753, it was purchased by the British government for the

British Museum The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It docum ...

. The manuscript was examined by Richard Bentley, who designated it by θ'. Griesbach examined several of its passages and occasionally cited their texts in his ''Novum Testemantum Graece'' (e.g. in Matthew 3:8). It was also examined by

Birch A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus ''Betula'' (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech-oak family Fagaceae. The genus ''Betula'' contains 30 ...

, Scholz, and Bloomfield. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1883. The manuscript was not mentioned on the list of

Wettstein Wettstein is a Swiss surname. Bearers of the name include: * Carla Wettstein (born 1946), Swiss and Australian chess master *Fritz von Wettstein (1895–1945), Austrian botanist *Johann Jakob Wettstein (1693–1754), Swiss theologian * Johann Rudol ...

(the last number 112). It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Griesbach, who gave for it number 113.J. J. Griesbach
1809 edition Novum Testamentum Graece
p. CVIII. It is currently housed at the

British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...

(

Harley Harley may refer to: People * Harley (given name) * Harley (surname) Places * Harley, Ontario, a township in Canada * Harley, Brant County, Ontario, Canada * Harley, Shropshire, England * Harley, South Yorkshire, England * Harley Street, in L ...

MS 1810).

Gallery

File:Minuscule 113 (GA) f. 26.jpg, The first page of Matthew File:Minuscule 113 (GA) (f._94).jpg, The first page of Mark File:Minuscule 113 (GA) f. 140.jpg, The first page of Luke File:Minuscule 113 (GA) f. 229v.jpg, Folio 229 verso

References

External links

Harley 1810
at the ''British Library'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0113 Greek New Testament minuscules 11th-century biblical manuscripts Harleian Collection 11th-century illuminated manuscripts