:''See also
Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin
Count Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (Михаи́л Петро́вич Бесту́жев-Рю́мин; 1688 in Moscow – 1760 in Paris) was a Russian diplomat. He was the son of Pyotr Bestuzhev-Ryumin and elder brother of the more famous A ...
.''
Mikhail Pavlovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (russian: Михаи́л Па́влович Бесту́жев-Рю́мин; June 4,
N.S. 1801 – July 25,
N.S. 1826) was a Russian officer, one of the organizers of the
Decembrist revolt
The Decembrist Revolt ( ru , Восстание декабристов, translit = Vosstaniye dekabristov , translation = Uprising of the Decembrists) took place in Russia on , during the interregnum following the sudden death of Emperor Al ...
. He was the youngest of the five hanged Decembrists.
Biography
Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin was born in the village
Kudryoshky () of
Gorbatovsky Uyezd Gorbatovsky Uyezd (''Горбатовский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the western part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Gorbatov, Nizhny No ...
,
Nizhny Novgorod Governorate
The Nizhny Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Нижегородская губернія, r=Nizhegorodskaya guberniya, p=nʲɪʐɨɡɐˈrotskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə), was an administrative division (a ''guberniya'') of the Russian Empir ...
(''
guberniya'') on June 4, 1801 (according to other sources 1803). His father was the Mayor () of the town of Gorbatov, owner of 640 serfs and a
muslin
Muslin () is a cotton fabric of plain weave. It is made in a wide range of weights from delicate sheers to coarse sheeting. It gets its name from the city of Mosul, Iraq, where it was first manufactured.
Muslin of uncommonly delicate handsp ...
factory.
Despite his obscure position as a provincial mayor, Bestuzhev-Ryumin belonged to a branch of an ancient noble family (mentioned in chronicles since the 14th century), which included, among others, Count
Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
Count Alexey Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (russian: Алексе́й Петро́вич Бесту́жев-Рю́мин; 1 June 1693 – 21 April 1766) was a Russian diplomat and Chancellor (Russia), chancellor. He was one of the most influential and ...
(1693-1766) and Mikhail's nephew, historian
Konstantin Bestuzhev-Ryumin
Konstantin Nikolayevich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (russian: Константин Николаевич Бестужев-Рюмин; 1829 in Kudryoshki, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate – 1897) was one of the most popular Russian Imperial historians of the 19t ...
.
Mikhail started his military career in 1818 at the ''Horse-guard regiment'', then at the
Semenovsky regiment
The Semyonovsky Lifeguard Regiment (, ) was one of the two oldest guard regiments of the Imperial Russian Army. The other one was the Preobrazhensky Regiment. In 2013, it was recreated for the Russian Armed Forces as a rifle regiment, its name ...
. After the uprising of the Semenovsky regiment he was transferred to the
Poltava
Poltava (, ; uk, Полтава ) is a city located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine. It is the capital city of the Poltava Oblast (province) and of the surrounding Poltava Raion (district) of the oblast. Poltava is administratively ...
infantry
Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and marine i ...
regiment. In 1824, he became a
podporuchik
''Podporuchik'' ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, потпоручник, potporučnik, cs, podporučík, pl, podporucznik, russian: подпору́чик, bg, подпоручик, sk, podporučík) is the most Junior officer in some Slavic armed forces, an ...
.
In 1823, he joined the Southern Society of
Decembrists
The Decembrist Revolt ( ru , Восстание декабристов, translit = Vosstaniye dekabristov , translation = Uprising of the Decembrists) took place in Russia on , during the interregnum following the sudden death of Emperor Ale ...
and became one of the main assistants to
Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
Sergey Ivanovich Muravyov-Apostol (russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Муравьёв-Апо́стол) ( – ) was a Russian Imperial Lieutenant Colonel and one of the organizers of the Decembrist revolt.
He was one of five Decembr ...
on Vasilkovskaya Uprava of the South society. He was a participant in conferences of the Southern society in
Kiev
Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...
and
Kamenka, and negotiated with secret
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
society. He was the author of the Decembrists' Proclamation that was read to the troops and local peasants. He also was known to dress in the clothes of lower classes and agitate people to revolt against the monarchy. Bestuzhev-Ryumin was the most extreme republican among the Decembrists; he insisted on the need to execute the Emperor and his entire family. At least four other members of the Bestuzhev family were involved in the Decembrist conspiracy.
On December 27, 1825 Mikhail was an assistant to
Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
Sergey Ivanovich Muravyov-Apostol (russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Муравьёв-Апо́стол) ( – ) was a Russian Imperial Lieutenant Colonel and one of the organizers of the Decembrist revolt.
He was one of five Decembr ...
, who headed the uprising of the
Chernigov
Chernihiv ( uk, Черні́гів, , russian: Черни́гов, ; pl, Czernihów, ; la, Czernihovia), is a List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in northern Ukraine, which serves as the administrative ...
regiment. Mikhail was caught on January 3, 1826, and transferred to
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
on January 20. He was one of the five sentenced to
quartering, but later this sentence was replaced with
hanging
Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck.Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed. Hanging as method of execution is unknown, as method of suicide from 1325. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states that hanging i ...
. He was executed in a
Peter and Paul Fortress
The Peter and Paul Fortress is the original citadel of St. Petersburg, Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and built to Domenico Trezzini's designs from 1706 to 1740 as a star fortress. Between the first half of the 1700s and early 1920s i ...
on July 25, 1826 and interred with the rest of the five in a secret grave on
Goloday Island
Dekabristov Island (russian: остров Декабристов, lit=Decembrists Island), known prior to 1926 as Goloday Island (остров Голодай – possibly a corruption of a British merchant name Halliday) is an island in Vasileost ...
in Saint Petersburg.
External links
Biography of Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin- in Russian
- in Russian
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Mikhail
1801 births
1826 deaths
People from Bogorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
People from Gorbatovsky Uyezd
Russian nobility
Decembrists
People executed by the Russian Empire by hanging
Executed Russian people
19th-century executions by the Russian Empire