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Decembrists
The Decembrist revolt () was a failed coup d'état led by liberal military and political dissidents against the Russian Empire. It took place in Saint Petersburg on , following the death of Emperor Alexander I. Alexander's brother and heir-presumptive Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich privately renounced his claim to the throne two years prior to Alexander's sudden death on 1 December Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 19 November1825. The next in the line of succession therefore was younger brother Nicholas, who would ascend to the throne as Emperor Nicholas I. Neither the Russian government nor the general public were initially aware of Konstantin's renunciation, and as a result, parts of the military took a premature oath of loyalty to Konstantin. A general swearing of loyalty to the true emperor Nicholas was scheduled for in Senate Square, Saint Petersburg. In the midst of this Northern Society, a secret society" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Petrovich Trubetskoy
Prince Sergei Petrovich Trubetskoy (; 29 August 1790 – 22 November 1860) was one of the organizers of the Decembrist Political movement, movement. Close to Nikita Muravyov, Nikita Mikhailovich Muravyov in his views, he was declared the group's leadership, leader on the eve of the December 26 uprising in 1825 but failed to appear, and instead sought refuge in the Austrian embassy. Early years Trubetskoy was born in the noble Trubetskoy family. His father was Prince Pyotr Sergeyevich Troubetzkoy (1760–1817). His mother, Daria Gruzinskaya, Daria (d. 1796), was a daughter of the Georgia (country), Georgian prince Alexander, son of Bakar of Georgia, Alexander Bakarovich Gruzinsky. Troubetzkoy received home education, in 1806 he started attending lectures at Moscow State University, Moscow University. In 1808 he entered Russian Imperial Guard’s Semyonovsky Life Guards Regiment. As a soldier, he participated in all significant battles of the Sixth Coalition campaign in 1812-1814 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Pestel
Colonel Pavel Ivanovich Pestel (; – ) was a Russian revolutionary and ideologue of the Decembrists. Early life Pavel Pestel was born in Moscow on . He came from a Lutheran family of Saxon descent that had settled in Russia during the reign of Peter the Great. His great-grandfather, grandfather, father and uncle had all successively served as director of Moscow's postal mail service, forming a dynasty of sorts. His father Ivan (1765–1843) continued to work his way up through the political bureaucracy to become Governor-General of Siberia from 1806 to 1821. Ivan Pestel, together with his associate Nikolai Treskin, the governor of Irkutsk, established a corrupt regime in Siberia and was eventually dismissed. In 1805–1809, Pavel Pestel studied in Dresden. In 1810–1811, he was a student at the Page Corps, from which he would graduate in the rank of praporshchik. Pestel was then sent to the Lithuanian Regiment of the Leib Guard. He took part in the Patriotic War of 1812 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Interregnum Of 1825
The Russian interregnum of 1825 began with the death of Alexander I of Russia, Alexander I in Taganrog and lasted until the accession of Nicholas I of Russia, Nicholas I and the suppression of the Decembrist revolt on . In 1823 Alexander secretly removed his brother Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia, Constantine from the order of succession, after Constantine informed Alexander he had no intention of ruling the Empire, and appointed Nicholas heir presumptive. This unprecedented secrecy backfired with a dynastic crisis that placed the whole House of Romanov at peril. Only three men, apart from Alexander himself, were fully aware of his decision, and none of them was present in the Winter Palace when the news of Alexander's death reached Saint Petersburg on 1825. Military governor Mikhail Andreyevich Miloradovich, Mikhail Miloradovich persuaded hesitant Nicholas to pledge allegiance to Constantine, who then lived in Warsaw as the viceroy of Poland. The State Council of Im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kondraty Ryleyev
Kondraty Fyodorovich Ryleyev (, , – ) was a Russians, Russian poet, publisher, and a leader of the Decembrist Revolt, which attempted to overthrow the Russian monarchy in 1825. Early life Ryleyev was born in the village of Gatchinsky District, Batovo, now part of Gatchinsky District, Leningrad Oblast. His father, Fyodor Ryleyev, was an impoverished nobleman, a small landowner, who was later employed as the manager of one of Prince Golitsyn's estates. In spite of his family's pecuniary difficulties, Ryleyev was able to study at the Page Corps, Corps des Pages, an elite military academy attended only by members of the nobility, in Saint Petersburg. After his graduation, Ryleyev was awarded a commission in the First Cavalry Company of the First Reserve Artillery Brigade. He participated in the foreign campaigns of 1814 and 1815, seeing action in Poland, Germany and France, during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1818, Ryleyev resigned his commission, and for a time was employed tutoring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikita Muravyov
Nikita Mikhailovich Muravyov (; – ) was an Imperial Guards staff officer and plotter in what led to the Decembrist revolt of 1825. Muravyov was active in a number of proto-Decembrist organizations. In 1816, he was among the founders of the Union of Salvation, a secret society. In 1820, he spoke out for republican government in the Union of Welfare. After the Union of Welfare's 1821 dissolution, Muravyov joined the supreme duma and was a leader in the Northern Society, and was elected to the Southern Society's directory. He wrote a draft constitution for a Russian state, and a tract "Curious Conversation" arguing the need to rise against despotism. He was on leave in the country when the Decembrist revolt occurred on 14 December 1825, and did not participate directly in it. But he was complicit, arrested and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress. He was condemned to death, but the sentence was commuted to 20 years of hard labor. He was assigned to the Nerchinsk M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Society Of The Decembrists
The Northern Society of the Decembrists (, ) was formed in St. Petersburg after the dissolution of the Union of Prosperity. Its members participated in the Decembrist revolt. Formation The Northern Society was formed in St. Petersburg in 1822 from two Decembrist groups headed by Nikita Muravyov and Sergei Trubetskoy. When the Union of Prosperity was dissolved at the Moscow Congress of its leaders in January 1821, it was decided to create a new organization with four boards, one each in Moscow, Petersburg, Smolensk and Tulchin. However, none of them were created. Some future Decembrists, headed by Pavel Pestel, did not recognize the decision of the Moscow Congress and entered the Southern Society in March 1821. In St. Petersburg, the Northern Society appeared, and its organizational structure was formed in 1822. Members of the society were divided into "convinced" (full-fledged) and "agreeable" (unequal). The governing body was the "Supreme Duma" of three people (originally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Kakhovsky
Pyotr Grigoryevich Kakhovsky (, 1799 – ) was a Russian officer and active participant of the Decembrist revolt, known for the murder of General Mikhail Miloradovich and Colonel Ludwig Niklaus von Stürler. Biography Pyotr Kakhovsky was born in 1799 in Smolensk Governorate to a retired collegiate assessor from an impoverished Polish noble family Kakowski h. Kościesza, Gregori Alekseyevich Kakhovsky (1758–n/a), and his wife from the Smolensk branch of the noble family Olenin, Nimfodora Mikhailovna Kakhovskaya (née Olenina). He had five brothers, Aleksey, Vasily, Ivan, Platon, who all died before 1820, and Nikolay (1790–1845). Though he inherited 250 serfs from his parents, his elder brother eventually found only seventeen after his death; the others either had been sold without land, or had run away, or had died. He studied at Moscow University Boarding School (). He started his military career as a Junker at Leib Guard ''Ranger Regiment'' in March 1816. In December 1816 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Miloradovich
Count Mikhail Andreyevich Miloradovich (, , ; – ), spelled Miloradovitch in contemporary English sources, was a Russian general prominent during the Napoleonic Wars. On his father’s side, Miloradovich descended from the Serb noble family and the Katun (commune), katun clan of Miloradović noble family, Miloradović from Hum, later part of Sanjak of Herzegovina, in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. He entered military service on the eve of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790), Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790 and his career advanced rapidly during the reign (1796-1801) of Emperor Paul I of Russia, Paul I. He served under Alexander Suvorov during French Revolutionary Wars: Campaigns of 1799, Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799. Miloradovich was, along with Pyotr Bagration, a brilliant pupil of Suvorov, and became one of the outstanding figures in the military history of Russia. Miloradovich served in wars against France and the Ottoman Empire, earning distinction in the Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Square (Saint Petersburg)
Senate Square (), formerly known as Decembrists' Square (Площадь Декабристов) from the 1920s to 2008, and (formally) as Peter's Square (Петровская площадь), from 1782 to 1925, is a city square in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is situated on the left bank of the Bolshaya Neva, in front of Saint Isaac's Cathedral. In 1925 it was renamed Decembrists' Square to commemorate the Decembrist Revolt, which took place there in December 1825. The square is bounded by the Admiralty building to the east. On the west is the Senate Building and the Senate and Synod Building (now headquarters of the Constitutional Court of Russia and Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library). The Bronze Horseman monument, a statue honoring Peter the Great, has stood in the square since 1782 - whence the official name of "Peter's Square". On July 29, 2008, the square reverted to the name "Senate Square". [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutions During The 1820s
Revolutions during the 1820s included revolutions in Russia ( Decembrist revolt), Spain, Portugal, and the Italian states for constitutional monarchies, and for independence from Ottoman rule in Greece. Unlike the revolutionary wave in the 1830s, these tended to take place in the peripheries of Europe. Timeline * 1820: The Trienio Liberal in Spain * 1820: the Liberal Revolution in Portugal * 1820: the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies * 18211829: Greek War of Independence * 1821: the Kingdom of Sardinia * 1825: the Decembrist revolt in Russia * 1828: the Decembrist revolution in Argentina Europe Italy The 1820 revolution began in Sicily and in Naples, against King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, who was forced to make concessions and promise a constitutional monarchy. This success inspired Carbonari in the north of Italy to revolt too. In 1821, the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) forced King Victor Emmanuel I to abdicate and temporarily obtained a constitutional monarchy as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Obolensky
Prince Yevgeny Petrovich Obolensky (, – ) was a Russian officer from the Obolensky family, one of the most active participants in the Decembrist revolt. Biography Yevgeny Obolensky was born in family of Prince Pyotr Nikolaevich Obolensky (1760–1833), the future governor of Tula. He was educated at home. At first, he served in the military together with his younger brother Konstantin. In March 1814, they entered the 1st training squadron of the Life Guards Artillery Brigade; on 14 October 1817 they were transferred to the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment. Obolensky was a supporter of the unification of the Northern and Southern Societies, and conducted negotiations on this in 1824 with Pavel Pestel. He was elected chief of staff on the eve of the uprising, and on 14 December 1825, commander of the insurgent forces instead of Sergei Trubetskoy, who failed to show up. In the course of the uprising, Obolensky was arrested and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress on Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
