Meridional (album)
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''Meridional'' is the fifth studio album by American
metalcore Metalcore (also known as metallic hardcore) is a fusion music genre that combines elements of extreme metal and hardcore punk. As with other styles blending metal and hardcore, such as crust punk and grindcore, metalcore is noted for its use of ...
band Norma Jean. The album was released on July 12, 2010, and is also the band's first release through
Razor & Tie Razor & Tie was an American entertainment company that consisted of a record label and a music publishing company. It was established in 1990 by Craig Balsam and Cliff Chenfeld. Based in New York City (with additional offices in Los Angeles an ...
since leaving
Solid State Records Solid State Records is a Christian metalcore record label, an imprint of Tooth & Nail Records. Unlike Tooth & Nail, Solid State signs hardcore punk and heavy metal bands. Like Tooth & Nail, Solid State is primarily a Christian label. However, ...
in 2009. After recording their two previous studio albums, ''
The Anti Mother ''The Anti Mother'' (sometimes referred to as ''Norma Jean vs. The Anti Mother'') is the fourth studio album by American metalcore band Norma Jean. It is the first release to feature new drummer Chris Raines, making Chris Day and Scottie Henry t ...
'' and '' Redeemer'', with producer
Ross Robinson Ross Robinson (born February 13, 1967) is an American record producer who discovered acts such as Korn, Glassjaw, The Blood Brothers, Slipknot, and Limp Bizkit. Robinson has also worked with Tech N9ne, The Cure, Sepultura, and many others. ...
, Norma Jean selected Jeremy Griffith to produce ''Meridional'' in order to expand their sound. It is the last album to feature guitarist Scottie Henry, bassist Jake Schultz and drummer Chris Raines. The first single off the album, "Leaderless and Self Enlisted," was released on May 6, 2010.


Writing and recording

Norma Jean began writing music for ''Meridional'' in January 2009 in
Atlanta, Georgia Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,715 ...
. In April 2009, the band dropped off a tour with Silverstein,
Blessthefall Blessthefall (stylized as blessthefall or BLESSTHEFALL prior to 2013) was an American metalcore band from Phoenix, Arizona, signed to Rise Records. The band was founded in 2004 by guitarist Mike Frisby, drummer Matt Traynor, and bassist and v ...
and
Before Their Eyes Before Their Eyes is an American post-hardcore band from Findlay, Ohio, Findlay, Ohio, United States. The band is currently signed to InVogue Records. History Early years (2006-2011) The band was founded by vocalist Nick Moore (musician), Nick ...
due to a number of undisclosed reasons. They announced that, upon returning to Atlanta, they would resume writing their fifth full-length. The music Norma Jean was writing was described as "something totally new" and something that would pay tribute to "how this band began by digging deep into our roots musically." The band later clarified that "roots" didn't necessarily mean that they would write a new album similar to their first record, ''
Bless the Martyr and Kiss the Child ''Bless the Martyr and Kiss the Child'' is the debut album by American metalcore band Norma Jean, released on August 13, 2002 by Solid State Records. It is the band's only album to feature bassist Joshua Doolittle and vocalist Josh Scogin, the l ...
''. Instead, they were referring to their former mentality when the band members first started making music. The writing process continued throughout the remainder of 2009 and was officially completed in January 2010. Norma Jean entered Glow in the Dark studios in Atlanta with
record producer A record producer is a recording project's creative and technical leader, commanding studio time and coaching artists, and in popular genres typically creates the song's very sound and structure.Virgil Moorefield"Introduction" ''The Producer as ...
Jeremy Griffith (
Saosin Saosin is an American rock band formed in Orange County, California in 2003 by Beau Burchell, Justin Shekoski, Zach Kennedy, and Anthony Green. The band released their first EP, ''Translating the Name'', in 2003. That year, vocalist Anthony Gre ...
,
Forever Changed Forever Changed was a Christian rock band from Tallahassee and Orlando, Florida. They came together in 1999 and broke up in 2006. Dan Cole was the lead singer, a guitarist, and a pianist. Ben O'Rear was the lead guitarist, Tom Gustafson play ...
,
Cool Hand Luke ''Cool Hand Luke'' is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance. Newman stars in the title role as Luke, a prisoner in a Florida prison cam ...
) and
Pro Tools Pro Tools is a digital audio workstation (DAW) developed and released by Avid Technology (formerly Digidesign) for Microsoft Windows and macOS. It is used for music creation and production, sound for picture (sound design, audio post-productio ...
audio engineer An audio engineer (also known as a sound engineer or recording engineer) helps to produce a recording or a live performance, balancing and adjusting sound sources using equalization, dynamics processing and audio effects, mixing, reproduction, ...
Justin Chapman to record ''Meridional'' February 1, 2010. They spent the first three days in
pre-production Pre-production is the process of planning some of the elements involved in a film, television show, play, or other performance, as distinct from production and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts ...
creating live recordings of all the songs for the record. Griffith suggested that the band track
guitars The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that typically has six strings. It is usually held flat against the player's body and played by strumming or plucking the strings with the dominant hand, while simultaneously pressing selected stri ...
before
bass guitars The bass guitar, electric bass or simply bass (), is the lowest-pitched member of the string family. It is a plucked string instrument similar in appearance and construction to an electric or an acoustic guitar, but with a longer neck and s ...
, which is backwards from conventional recording methods. Vocalist
Cory Brandan Cory Brandan Putman is an American singer who has been the lead vocalist for the metalcore band Norma Jean since 2004. Career Brandan is a former member of bands Eso-Charis, Living Sacrifice, The Handshake Murders, and Uses Fire, and a curr ...
stated that this switch was, "a great idea because we changed the chords and progressions on a lot of songs throughout recording, so we were able to have the bass follow the guitars and be a part of the rhythm section more accurately." Norma Jean welcomed Griffith's input on the album. During recording, he would occasionally record his own vocal tracks for songs to see how the band liked his ideas. Griffith contributed backing vocals to a number of songs, and also played
piano The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keyboa ...
. The group used a wide array of instruments in addition to the piano from Glow in the Dark studios, including
acoustic guitars An acoustic guitar is a musical instrument in the string family. When a string is plucked its vibration is transmitted from the bridge, resonating throughout the top of the guitar. It is also transmitted to the side and back of the instrument, ...
,
organs In biology, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function. In the hierarchy of life, an organ lies between tissue and an organ system. Tissues are formed from same type cells to act together in a fu ...
, random percussion, and a
lap steel guitar The lap steel guitar, also known as a Hawaiian guitar, is a type of steel guitar without pedals that is typically played with the instrument in a horizontal position across the performer's lap. Unlike the usual manner of playing a traditional ...
. Norma Jean also used a variety of
guitar tunings Guitar tunings are the assignment of pitches to the open strings of guitars, including acoustic guitars, electric guitars, and classical guitars. Tunings are described by the particular pitches that are made by notes in Western music. By ...
from "drop C#, drop A, drop B and occasionally weird tunings like G# F# B E G# C# Eb which is the tuning for Landslide defeater."." Recording and production was finished before the end of February. ''Meridional'' resulted in the largest number of tracks Norma Jean had recorded in one session to date, with 13 songs and three short interludes.


Album title

Meridional is the term used historically in astronomy, generally by countries whose language is rooted in Latin, to describe a southern direction on the
celestial globe Celestial globes show the apparent positions of the stars in the sky. They omit the Sun, Moon, and planets because the positions of these bodies vary relative to those of the stars, but the ecliptic, along which the Sun moves, is indicated. The ...
. The title, when it was originally thought up by the band, was intended to be a
tongue-in-cheek The idiom tongue-in-cheek refers to a humorous or sarcastic statement expressed in a serious manner. History The phrase originally expressed contempt, but by 1842 had acquired its modern meaning. Early users of the phrase include Sir Walter Scott ...
reference to Norma Jean's southern roots. The group is based the southern regions of the United States, specifically in Douglasville, Georgia. However, according to Cory Brandon, the title later fit together with the story and theme of ''Meridional'', and also ties in with the artwork. The other three celestial directions:
Septentrional Septentrional, meaning "of the north", is a Latinate adjective sometimes used in English. It is a form of the Latin noun ''septentriones'', which refers to the seven stars of the ''Plough'' (Big Dipper), occasionally called the ''Septentrion'' ...
(northern),
Oriental The Orient is a term for the East in relation to Europe, traditionally comprising anything belonging to the Eastern world. It is the antonym of ''Occident'', the Western World. In English, it is largely a metonym for, and coterminous with, the ...
(eastern) and
Occidental Occidental may refer to: * Western world (of or pertaining to) Places *Occidental, California, a town in Sonoma County, California, US * Occidental Park (Seattle) Other uses * Interlingue, a constructed language formerly known as Occidental * Oc ...
(western) make up the album's three interlude tracks.


Release and promotion


Pre-release

''Meridional'' was the first release from the band through
Razor & Tie Razor & Tie was an American entertainment company that consisted of a record label and a music publishing company. It was established in 1990 by Craig Balsam and Cliff Chenfeld. Based in New York City (with additional offices in Los Angeles an ...
since they left
Solid State Records Solid State Records is a Christian metalcore record label, an imprint of Tooth & Nail Records. Unlike Tooth & Nail, Solid State signs hardcore punk and heavy metal bands. Like Tooth & Nail, Solid State is primarily a Christian label. However, ...
after seven years and four studio albums. Norma Jean also spent additional years with Solid State, and released one album entitled ''
Throwing Myself ''Throwing Myself'' is the only studio album by Luti-Kriss. It was released in 2001 on Solid State Records. After the release of this album, the band changed their name to Norma Jean. Track listing Personnel ;Luti-Kriss * Josh Scogin &ndash ...
'' in 2001 through the label, under their original name Luti-Kriss. Some music news sites found the label choice odd as Razor & Tie is also home to the
blue-eyed soul Blue-eyed soul (also called white soul) is rhythm and blues (R&B) and soul music performed by white artists. The term was coined in the mid-1960s, to describe white artists whose sound was similar to that of the predominantly-black Motown and Stax ...
singer Michael McDonald,
The Irish Tenors The Irish Tenors are a singing trio from Ireland that was started in 1998 by a group of television producers for a PBS special ''The Irish Tenors''. They have since recorded five PBS specials and eight albums. The group's members are Declan K ...
from
PBS The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcasting, public broadcaster and Non-commercial activity, non-commercial, Terrestrial television, free-to-air television network based in Arlington, Virginia. PBS is a publicly fu ...
and the children's cover album series ''
Kidz Bop Kidz Bop is an American children's music group composed like a music brand that produces family-friendly cover versions of pop songs and related media. Kidz Bop releases compilation albums that feature children covering clean versions of contemp ...
''. Norma Jean toured with The Chariot,
Horse the Band Horse the Band (stylized as HORSE the band) is an American metalcore band from Lake Forest, California, who are best known for their chiptune, 8-bit video game-influenced sound combined with metalcore. Frontman Nathan Winneke once jokingly desc ...
and
Arsonists Get All the Girls Arsonists Get All the Girls was an American avant-garde metal band from Santa Cruz, California. Founded in 2005, the band was known for taking influence from varying genres, particularly in their early years for fusing extreme metal with variou ...
during the "Explosions 2009" tour in November and December of that year. On select dates of the tour, the band performed their debut album ''
Bless the Martyr and Kiss the Child ''Bless the Martyr and Kiss the Child'' is the debut album by American metalcore band Norma Jean, released on August 13, 2002 by Solid State Records. It is the band's only album to feature bassist Joshua Doolittle and vocalist Josh Scogin, the l ...
'' in its entirety and also debuted the new song "Kill More Presidents". Fans were encouraged to bring video cameras to the concerts and submit their recordings of "Kill More Presidents" to the band online. Video clips from various recordings were compiled into one video with a demo recording of the new song used as the audio. Fans could download the video for free by subscribing to the band's e-mailing list. The song "Kill More Presidents" did not make the final cut for the album. It was the first track that Norma Jean had demoed for ''Meridional'', and the band had grown tired of it. A newer version of the song with an entirely new ending had been recorded with the intent to release it at a later time. In April 2010, Cory Brandon created and released a promotional video for ''Meridional''. The video features glimpses of the album's cover art with a clip of the song "The Anthem of the Angry Brides" as the audio. The artwork was created by Jason Oda (''
Congregation of the Damned ''Congregation of the Damned'' is the fifth studio album by American metalcore band Atreyu. It was released through Hollywood Records and Roadrunner Records on October 27, 2009. The album debuted at No. 18 on the ''Billboard'' 200, selling 26,00 ...
'', ''
Hide Nothing ''Hide Nothing'' is the third studio album by the Pompano Beach, Florida rock band Further Seems Forever, released in 2004 by Tooth & Nail Records. It was the band's only studio album with vocalist Jon Bunch, formerly of Sense Field, who had replac ...
'') of StarvingEyes, an artist of which Brandon has been a fan of "for years." Commenting on the artwork, Brandon stated, "We take a lot of pride in all the art we use. Every record has a certain vibe, and we always want the artwork to represent that same energy. This record has a very specific, very dark feel throughout and I know that of any record we've ever released, this is definitely the best artwork we've ever had." The full album cover was later released in May 2010. On May 6, 2010, Norma Jean released the song "Leaderless and Self Enlisted" for free to anyone that signed up for their online mailing list. It was later sold through digital media sources such as
iTunes iTunes () is a software program that acts as a media player, media library, mobile device management utility, and the client app for the iTunes Store. Developed by Apple Inc., it is used to purchase, play, download, and organize digital mul ...
or
Amazon.com Amazon.com, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational technology company focusing on e-commerce, cloud computing, online advertising, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence. It has been referred to as "one of the most influential economi ...
, and became the band's first
single Single may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Single (music), a song release Songs * "Single" (Natasha Bedingfield song), 2004 * "Single" (New Kids on the Block and Ne-Yo song), 2008 * "Single" (William Wei song), 2016 * "Single", by ...
released separately from one of their albums. Musically, the song was considered similar to Norma Jean's 2008 album ''
The Anti Mother ''The Anti Mother'' (sometimes referred to as ''Norma Jean vs. The Anti Mother'') is the fourth studio album by American metalcore band Norma Jean. It is the first release to feature new drummer Chris Raines, making Chris Day and Scottie Henry t ...
'', despite previously claiming that ''Meridional'' would be a return to the group's roots. ''Meridional'' was made available for
pre-order A pre-order is an order placed for an item that has not yet been released. The idea for pre-orders came because people found it hard to get popular items in stores because of their popularity. Companies then had the idea to allow customers to r ...
in June 2010 with a few different packages available containing various assortments of band merchandise. The album is available on both CD and double disc
12" vinyl The twelve-inch single (often written as 12-inch or 12″) is a type of vinyl ( polyvinyl chloride or PVC) gramophone record that has wider groove spacing and shorter playing time with a 'single' or a few related sound tracks on each surfac ...
formats. All pre-order packages included a free and instant download of the song "Deathbed Atheist" off of the album. During the three weeks leading up to the release of ''Meridional'', the band held a contest giving away their instruments used to record the album. One grand prize winner, chosen at random from their online mailing list per week, was awarded a drum kit, electric guitar or bass guitar. A runner-up was also chosen and awarded various autographed Norma Jean merchandise.


Post-release

''Meridional'' was released on July 12, 2010 in the UK and on July 13 in the US. The release date coincided with the start of the
2010 Mayhem Festival Mayhem Festival 2010 was the third annual Mayhem Festival created by Kevin Lyman. The 2010 edition of the festival was co-headlined by Korn and Rob Zombie. As in previous years, the main sponsor of the festival is Rockstar (drink), Rockstar Energ ...
featuring Norma Jean and headlined by
Korn Korn (stylized as KoЯn, or occasionally KoRn) is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, formed in 1993. The band is notable for pioneering the nu metal genre and bringing it into the mainstream. Originally formed in 1993 ...
and
Rob Zombie Rob Zombie (born Robert Bartleh Cummings; January 12, 1965) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, filmmaker, and voice actor. His music and lyrics are notable for their horror and sci-fi themes, and his live shows have be ...
. During the week of release for ''Meridional'', Norma Jean/Razor & Tie released a promotional
television advertisement A television advertisement (also called a television commercial, TV commercial, commercial, spot, television spot, TV spot, advert, television advert, TV advert, television ad, TV ad or simply an ad) is a span of television programming produce ...
for the album. The ad used clips from the music video for "Deathbed Atheist" in addition to quotes from various professional reviews praising the album. The full music video for "Deathbed Atheist" was officially released on July 21, 2010. It was directed by Linus Johansson of Popcore Film. Norma Jean recorded a total of 13 songs and three interludes during the ''Meridional'' sessions. The band planned on using eleven songs for the album, and release the rest as
B-sides The A-side and B-side are the two sides of phonograph records and cassettes; these terms have often been printed on the labels of two-sided music recordings. The A-side usually features a recording that its artist, producer, or record company ...
for "other things down the road." The previously released demo song "Kill More Presidents" was re-recorded with a new ending, and was intended to be officially released at some point. It was later added to the Best Buy version of the album as a bonus track. Originally revealed in an April 2010 studio blog post, the B-side "Distance to Planets" was released as an iTunes ''Meridional'' bonus track.


Reception

Initial reception has been generally positive, with Norma Jean claiming on their Myspace page that early-listen reviews from Decibel Magazine, Alternative Press, and Revolver have named "Meridional" one of the band's best albums to date. In its first week of sales, ''Meridional'' sold 9,800 copies in the US and opened at number 45 on the ''Billboard'' 200. Norma Jean's previous studio album, ''The Anti Mother'', sold over 16,000 copies and debuted at number 29 on the Billboard 200 in 2008. ''Meridional'' received the No. 3 spot in
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features in-depth coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly Exclaim! print magazine publishes 7 ...
's 2010 Metal Albums of the Year.


Track listing

All songs written by Norma Jean. # "Leaderless and Self Enlisted" – 3:20 # "The Anthem of the Angry Brides" – 2:32 # "Deathbed Atheist" – 5:06 # "Bastardizer" – 3:15 # "A Media Friendly Turn for the Worse" – 4:12 # "Septentrional" – 1:37 # "Blood Burner" – 4:02 # "High Noise Low Output" – 3:26 # "Falling from the Sky: Day Seven" – 6:17 # "Everlasting Tapeworm" – 3:15 # "Occidental" – 1:37 # "The People That Surround You on a Regular Basis" – 3:42 # "Innocent Bystanders United" (The song "Innocent Bystanders United" ends at 8:25. After 15 minutes of silence :25 - 23:25begins the
hidden track In the field of recorded music, a hidden track (sometimes called a ghost track, secret track or unlisted track) is a song or a piece of audio that has been placed on a CD, audio cassette, LP record, or other recorded medium, in such a way as t ...
"Oriental")
– 25:03


Bonus tracks

Best Buy Best Buy Co. Inc. is an American multinational consumer electronics retailer headquartered in Richfield, Minnesota. Originally founded by Richard M. Schulze and James Wheeler in 1966 as an audio specialty store called Sound of Music, it was rebra ...
and
Napster Napster was a peer-to-peer file sharing application. It originally launched on June 1, 1999, with an emphasis on digital audio file distribution. Audio songs shared on the service were typically encoded in the MP3 format. It was founded by Shawn ...
version #
  • "Kill More Presidents" – 4:27 # "Deathbed Atheist" ( KC Blitz remix) – 4:45
    Hot Topic Hot Topic, Inc. (stylized as HOT TOPIC) is an American retail chain specializing in counterculture-related clothing and accessories, as well as licensed music. The stores are aimed towards an audience interested in rock music and video gaming, ...
    and
    ShockHound ShockHound was an online music download site, retail store and social networking platform launched by Hot Topic in 2008. ShockHound music files were available for download in the MP3 format, making them compatible with most digital music player ...
    version #
  • "Deathbed Atheist" (The Juggernaut remix) – 3:22
    iTunes iTunes () is a software program that acts as a media player, media library, mobile device management utility, and the client app for the iTunes Store. Developed by Apple Inc., it is used to purchase, play, download, and organize digital mul ...
    version #
  • "Distance to Planets" – 4:02


    Personnel

    ;Norma Jean *
    Cory Brandan Cory Brandan Putman is an American singer who has been the lead vocalist for the metalcore band Norma Jean since 2004. Career Brandan is a former member of bands Eso-Charis, Living Sacrifice, The Handshake Murders, and Uses Fire, and a curr ...
    vocals Singing is the act of creating musical sounds with the voice. A person who sings is called a singer, artist or vocalist (in jazz and/or popular music). Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.) that can be sung with or without ...
    ,
    guitars The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that typically has six strings. It is usually held flat against the player's body and played by strumming or plucking the strings with the dominant hand, while simultaneously pressing selected stri ...
    * Chris Day – guitars * Scottie Henry – guitars * Chris Raines –
    drums A drum kit (also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums) is a collection of drums, cymbals, and other Percussion instrument, auxiliary percussion instruments set up to be played by one person. The player (drummer) typically holds a pair o ...
    ,
    percussion A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles struck, scraped or rubbed by hand or struck against another similar instrument. Exc ...
    * Jake Schultz –
    bass guitar The bass guitar, electric bass or simply bass (), is the lowest-pitched member of the string family. It is a plucked string instrument similar in appearance and construction to an electric or an acoustic guitar, but with a longer neck and ...
    ;Production and recording * Justin Chapman – assistant engineering,
    Pro Tools Pro Tools is a digital audio workstation (DAW) developed and released by Avid Technology (formerly Digidesign) for Microsoft Windows and macOS. It is used for music creation and production, sound for picture (sound design, audio post-productio ...
    editing * Jeremy Griffith –
    production Production may refer to: Economics and business * Production (economics) * Production, the act of manufacturing goods * Production, in the outline of industrial organization, the act of making products (goods and services) * Production as a stati ...
    , engineering, mixing ;Additional musicians *
    Shelby Cinca The Cassettes (also known as ''The Cassettes Musical Explorers Society'') are a Washington, D.C., based "Mystic Country"/Steampunk band formed in 1999. History The Cassettes were originally formed as an outgrowth of front-man Shelby Cinca’s fou ...
    (
    Frodus Frodus (a.k.a. Frodus Conglomerate International, Frodus Sound Laboratories, FCI, Frodus Escape Plan, Frodus Deposit Insurance Corporation) was an American post-hardcore band formed in 1993 in Washington, D.C. by vocalist/guitarist Shelby Cinca ...
    )
    guest vocals In show business, a guest appearance is the participation of an outsider performer (such as a musician or actor) in an event such as a music record or concert, show, etc., when the performer does not belong to the regular band, cast, or other ...
    on "Everlasting Tapeworm" * Jeremy Griffith –
    organ Organ may refer to: Biology * Organ (biology), a part of an organism Musical instruments * Organ (music), a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone ** Electronic organ, an electronic keyboard instrument ** Hammond ...
    on "Falling from the Sky: Day Seven," guitars,
    piano The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keyboa ...
    on "Innocent Bystanders United," backing vocals on "A Media Friendly Turn for the Worse," "Septentrional," "Falling from the Sky: Day Seven," "The People That Surround You on a Regular Basis," and "Innocent Bystanders United" * Kyle Henderson – guitar technician * Troy Stains –
    lap steel guitar The lap steel guitar, also known as a Hawaiian guitar, is a type of steel guitar without pedals that is typically played with the instrument in a horizontal position across the performer's lap. Unlike the usual manner of playing a traditional ...
    on "Everlasting Tapeworm" ;Artwork and layout * Jason Oda (StarvingEyes) – album art


    Chart performance


    References


    External links


    Norma Jean
    on Myspace
    ''Meridional'' Press Release
    at
    Razor & Tie Razor & Tie was an American entertainment company that consisted of a record label and a music publishing company. It was established in 1990 by Craig Balsam and Cliff Chenfeld. Based in New York City (with additional offices in Los Angeles an ...
    {{Authority control Norma Jean (band) albums 2010 albums Razor & Tie albums Post-metal albums