The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American
media franchise and
shared universe
A shared universe or shared world is a fictional universe from a set of creative works where more than one writer (or other artist) independently contributes a work that can stand alone but fits into the joint development of the storyline, chara ...
centered on a series of
superhero film
A superhero film (or superhero movie) is a film that focuses on the actions of superheroes. Superheroes are individuals who possess superhuman abilities and are dedicated to protecting the public. These films typically feature action, advent ...
s produced by
Marvel Studios. The films are based on characters that appear in
American comic books published by
Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics is an American comic book publishing, publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a divsion of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, ''Magazine Management/Atlas Co ...
. The franchise also includes television series, short films, digital series, and literature. The shared universe, much like the original
Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by
crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.
Marvel Studios releases its films in groups called "Phases", with the first three phases collectively known as "The Infinity Saga" and the following three phases as "The Multiverse Saga". The first MCU film, ''
Iron Man'' (2008), began
Phase One, which culminated in the 2012 crossover film ''
The Avengers''.
Phase Two began with ''
Iron Man 3
''Iron Man 3'' (titled onscreen as ''Iron Man Three'') is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to ''Ir ...
'' (2013) and concluded with ''
Ant-Man
Ant-Man is the name of several superheroes appearing in books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby, Ant-Man's first appearance was in ''Tales to Astonish'' #27 (January 1962) but first appeared in cost ...
'' (2015).
Phase Three began with ''
Captain America: Civil War'' (2016) and concluded with ''
Spider-Man: Far From Home'' (2019).
Phase Four began with ''
Black Widow'' (2021) and concluded with ''
Black Panther: Wakanda Forever'' (2022). ''
Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania'' (2023) will begin
Phase Five, which will end with ''
Blade
A blade is the portion of a tool, weapon, or machine with an edge that is designed to puncture, chop, slice or scrape surfaces or materials. Blades are typically made from materials that are harder than those they are to be used on. Historic ...
'' (2024), and
Phase Six will begin with ''
Deadpool 3
''Deadpool 2'' is a 2018 American superhero comedy film based on the Marvel Comics character Deadpool. Distributed by 20th Century Fox, it is the sequel to ''Deadpool'' (2016) and the eleventh installment overall in the ''X-Men'' film series. ...
'' (2024). Phase Six and "The Multiverse Saga" will conclude with ''
Avengers: The Kang Dynasty'' (2025) and ''
Avengers: Secret Wars'' (2026).
Marvel Television
Marvel Television was an American television production company responsible for live-action and animated (through Marvel Animation) television shows and direct-to-DVD series based on characters from Marvel Comics. The division was based at affi ...
expanded the universe to network television with ''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
''Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' is an American television series created by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen for ABC, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement, an ...
'' on
ABC
ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet.
ABC or abc may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting
* American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster
** Disney–ABC Television ...
in 2013 before further expanding to
streaming television
Streaming television is the digital distribution of television content, such as TV shows, as streaming media delivered over the Internet. Streaming television stands in contrast to dedicated terrestrial television delivered by over-the-air a ...
on
Netflix
Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a fil ...
and
Hulu and to
cable television
Cable television is a system of delivering television programming to consumers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables, or in more recent systems, light pulses through fibre-optic cables. This contrasts with bro ...
on
Freeform. They also produced the digital series ''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.: Slingshot''. Marvel Studios began producing their own television series for streaming on
Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
, starting with ''
WandaVision
''WandaVision'' is an American television miniseries created by Jac Schaeffer for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch and Vision. It is the first television series in ...
'' in 2021 as the beginning of Phase Four. They also expanded to television specials in Phase Four, known as
Marvel Studios Special Presentations
Marvel Studios Special Presentations are a series of television specials produced by Marvel Studios for Disney+, set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the franchise's films and television series. The Marvel Stu ...
, the first of which was ''
Werewolf by Night
The Werewolf by Night (usually referred to by other characters simply as the Werewolf) is the name applied to two fictional characters who are werewolves appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The first incarnation of We ...
'' (2022). The MCU also includes
tie-in comics published by Marvel Comics, a series of direct-to-video short films called
Marvel One-Shots
Marvel One-Shots are a series of direct-to-video short films produced by Marvel Studios, set within or inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Initially released from 2011 to 2014, they were included as special features on the MCU fi ...
, and
viral marketing
Viral marketing is a business strategy that uses existing social networks to promote a product mainly on various social media platforms. Its name refers to how consumers spread information about a product with other people, much in the same way tha ...
campaigns for the films featuring the faux news programs ''
WHIH Newsfront
''WHIH Newsfront'' is a faux American current affairs digital series serving as the center of several viral marketing campaigns for Marvel Studios. Based on the fictional television network WHIH World News that appears throughout the Marvel ...
'' and ''
The Daily Bugle
The ''Daily Bugle'' (at one time ''The DB'') is a fictional New York City tabloid newspaper appearing as a plot element in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The ''Daily Bugle'' is a regular fixture in the Marvel Universe, mos ...
''.
The franchise has been commercially successful and generally received positive reviews. It has inspired other film and television studios to attempt similar shared universes, and has also inspired several themed attractions, an art exhibit, television specials, guidebooks for each film, multiple tie-in video games, and commercials.
Development
Films and Disney+ series
By 2005,
Marvel Entertainment had begun planning to produce its own films independently and distribute them through
Paramount Pictures.
Previously, Marvel had
co-produced several superhero films with
Columbia Pictures
Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. is an American film production studio that is a member of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment, which is one of the Big Five studios and a subsidiary of the mu ...
,
New Line Cinema
New Line Cinema is an American film production studio owned by Warner Bros. Discovery and is a film label of Warner Bros. It was founded in 1967 by Robert Shaye as an independent film distribution company; later becoming a film studio after ...
and others, including a seven-year development deal with
20th Century Fox.
Marvel made relatively little profit from its
licensing
A license (or licence) is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own something (as well as the document of that permission or permit).
A license is granted by a party (licensor) to another party (licensee) as an element of an agreeme ...
deals with other studios and wanted to get more money out of its films while maintaining artistic control of the projects and distribution.
Avi Arad, head of Marvel's film division, was pleased with
Sam Raimi's Spider-Man films at
Sony Pictures, but was less pleased with others. As a result, Arad decided to form
Marvel Studios, Hollywood's first major
independent film studio since
DreamWorks DreamWorks may refer to:
* DreamWorks Pictures, an American film production company of Amblin
** DreamWorks Television, an American television production company and division of the film studio
** DreamWorks Records, an American record label and f ...
.
Kevin Feige, Arad's second-in-command,
realized that unlike
Spider-Man and the
X-Men
The X-Men are a superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, first appearing in ''The X-Men'' #1 by artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby and writer/editor Stan Lee in 1963. Although initially cancelled in 1970 due to lo ...
, whose film rights were licensed to Sony and Fox, respectively, Marvel still owned the rights to the core members of the
Avengers
Avenger, Avengers, The Avenger, or The Avengers may refer to:
Arts and entertainment In the Marvel Comics universe
* Avengers (comics), a team of superheroes
**Avengers (Marvel Cinematic Universe), a central team of protagonist superheroes of ...
. Feige, a self-described "fanboy", envisioned creating a
shared universe
A shared universe or shared world is a fictional universe from a set of creative works where more than one writer (or other artist) independently contributes a work that can stand alone but fits into the joint development of the storyline, chara ...
, just as creators
Stan Lee and
Jack Kirby
Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg; August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was an American comic book artist, writer and editor, widely regarded as one of the medium's major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. He gre ...
had done with their comic books in the early 1960s.
To raise capital, the studio secured funding from a seven-year, $525 million revolving credit facility with
Merrill Lynch.
Marvel's plan was to release individual films for their main characters and then merge them in a
crossover
Crossover may refer to:
Entertainment
Albums and songs
* ''Cross Over'' (Dan Peek album)
* ''Crossover'' (Dirty Rotten Imbeciles album), 1987
* ''Crossover'' (Intrigue album)
* ''Crossover'' (Hitomi Shimatani album)
* ''Crossover'' (Yoshino ...
film.
Arad doubted the strategy, but insisted that it was his reputation that helped secure the initial financing. He resigned the following year.
In 2007, at 33 years old, Feige was named studio chief. In order to preserve its artistic integrity, Marvel Studios formed a creative committee of six people familiar with its comic book lore: Feige, Marvel Studios co-president
Louis D'Esposito
Marvel Studios, LLC (originally known as Marvel Films from 1993 to 1996) is an American film and television production company that is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, a division of the Walt Disney Company. Marvel Studios produces the Mar ...
,
Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics is an American comic book publishing, publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a divsion of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, ''Magazine Management/Atlas Co ...
' president of publishing
Dan Buckley
Dan Buckley is an American publishing executive, who is known for his work as Publisher, and then as President of Marvel Entertainment since January 2017.
Early life
Dan Buckley was raised in upstate New York and later a New York city resident. ...
, Marvel's chief creative officer
Joe Quesada
Joseph Quesada (; born January 12, 1962'' Comics Buyer's Guide'' #1650; February 2009; page 107) is an American comic book artist, writer, editor, and television producer. He became known in the 1990s for his work on various Valiant Comics books ...
, writer
Brian Michael Bendis, and Marvel Entertainment president
Alan Fine, who oversaw the committee.
Feige initially referred to the shared narrative continuity of these films as the "Marvel Cinema Universe",
but later used the term "Marvel Cinematic Universe".
Since the franchise expanded to other media, this phrase has been used by some to refer to the feature films only.
In October 2014, Marvel Studios held a press event to announce the titles of their
Phase Three films.
By September 2015, after Marvel Studios was integrated into
Walt Disney Studios with Feige reporting to Walt Disney Studios chairman
Alan Horn
Alan Frederick Horn (born February 28, 1943) is an American entertainment industry executive. Horn became President and COO of Warner Bros. from 1999 to 2012. Horn next served as the chairman of Walt Disney Studios from 2012 to 2020. During his ...
instead of Marvel Entertainment CEO
Isaac Perlmutter
Isaac "Ike" Perlmutter ( he, יצחק "אייק" פרלמוטר; born December 1, 1942) is an Israeli-American billionairehttps://www.forbes.com/profile/isaac-perlmutter businessman and financier. He is the chairman and former CEO of Marvel Enter ...
,
the studios' creative committee had "nominal" input on the films moving forward, though they continued to consult on
Marvel Television
Marvel Television was an American television production company responsible for live-action and animated (through Marvel Animation) television shows and direct-to-DVD series based on characters from Marvel Comics. The division was based at affi ...
productions, which remained under Perlmutter's control.
All key film decisions going forward were to be made by Feige, D'Esposito and
Victoria Alonso
Victoria Alonso (born 22 December 1965) is an Argentine film producer and President of Physical, Post Production, VFX and Animation at Marvel Studios.
Early life and career
Alonso was born in La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. She ...
.
Feige mentioned that ''
Avengers: Endgame'' (2019) would provide "a definitive end" to the films and storylines preceding it, with the franchise having "two distinct periods. Everything before
'Endgame''and everything after".
He later said Phase Three would conclude "The Infinity Saga".
![Kevin Feige (48462887397) (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Kevin_Feige_%2848462887397%29_%28cropped%29.jpg)
By November 2017, Disney was looking to develop a new Marvel television series for their streaming service
Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
.
In July 2018, Feige noted discussions had begun with Disney regarding any potential involvement Marvel Studios could have with the streaming service, since Feige felt the service was "an important thing for the company".
In September 2018, it was reported that Marvel Studios was developing several limited series centered on "second-tier" characters from the MCU films who had not and were unlikely to star in their own films. Each series was expected to be six to eight episodes, and would be produced by Marvel Studios rather than Marvel Television, with Feige taking a "hands-on role" in each series' development.
Feige noted the series being developed for the streaming service would "tell stories... that we wouldn't be able to tell in a theatrical experience – a longer-form narrative".
He also added that being asked by Disney to create these series "energized everyone creatively" within Marvel Studios, since they "could play in a new medium and throw the rules out the window in terms of structure and format".
''
The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special
''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special'' is an American television special written and directed by James Gunn for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy. It is the sec ...
'' (2022), a
Marvel Studios Special Presentation
Marvel Studios Special Presentations are a series of television specials produced by Marvel Studios for Disney+, set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the franchise's films and television series. The Marvel Stu ...
, was the first piece of content Marvel Studios planned to create for Disney+.
In July 2019, Feige announced the
Phase Four slate at
San Diego Comic-Con
San Diego Comic-Con International is a comic book convention and nonprofit multi-genre entertainment event held annually in San Diego, California since 1970. The name, as given on its website, is Comic-Con International: San Diego; but it is co ...
, consisting of films and, for the first time, television event series on Disney+.
The Phase Four slate includes ''
What If...?'', the first animated series from Marvel Studios, and by July 2021 the studio was creating an "animation branch and mini studio" to focus on more animated content beyond ''What If...?''.
In April 2022, Feige said he and Marvel Studios were on a creative retreat to plan and discuss the MCU films for the following 10 years.
That July, Feige announced some of the films and series for
Phase Five and
Phase Six at San Diego Comic-Con, revealing that the second three Phases were collectively known as "The Multiverse Saga".
Feige explained that Marvel Studios realized during development on Phase Four that it would be different from the first three phases, with more projects over a shorter period of time. This also came after the "creative experience" of ending Phase Three and "The Infinity Saga" with ''
Avengers: Infinity War'' (2018) and ''Avengers: Endgame''. Therefore, instead of "culminat
ngevery 10 months in an Avengers movie" they decided to leave that culmination until the end of "The Multiverse Saga", with the second three phases all building to ''
Avengers: The Kang Dynasty'' and ''
Avengers: Secret Wars'' (2026).
Television specials
A television special (often TV special, or rarely television spectacular) is a standalone television show which may also temporarily interrupt episodic programming normally scheduled for a given time slot. Some specials provide a full range of ent ...
from the studio are marketed as "
Marvel Studios Special Presentations
Marvel Studios Special Presentations are a series of television specials produced by Marvel Studios for Disney+, set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the franchise's films and television series. The Marvel Stu ...
".
In December 2017,
the Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney (), is an American multinational mass media and entertainment industry, entertainment conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios (Burbank), Walt Disney Stud ...
agreed to acquire assets from
21st Century Fox, including 20th Century Fox.
The transaction officially closed on March 19, 2019.
The acquisition saw the return of the film rights of
Deadpool
Deadpool is an antihero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Fabian Nicieza and artist/writer Rob Liefeld, the character first appeared in ''New Mutants'' #98 (cover-dated Feb. 1991). Initially, Deadp ...
, the X-Men characters, and the
Fantastic Four characters to Marvel Studios, which would "create richer, more complex worlds of inter-related characters and stories".
Some of the first elements previously controlled by 20th Century Fox to be integrated into the MCU were the organization
S.W.O.R.D. in the Disney+ series ''
WandaVision
''WandaVision'' is an American television miniseries created by Jac Schaeffer for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch and Vision. It is the first television series in ...
'' and the fictional country
Madripoor
The Principality of Madripoor or Madripoor is a fictional island located in maritime Southeast Asia appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, mostly associated with stories from the ''X-Men'' series. Based on illustrations, it ...
in the series ''
The Falcon and the Winter Soldier
''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'' is an American television miniseries created by Malcolm Spellman for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Sam Wilson / Falcon and Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier. ...
''.
Additionally,
Patrick Stewart
Sir Patrick Stewart (born 13 July 1940) is an English actor who has a career spanning seven decades in various stage productions, television, film and video games. He has been nominated for Olivier, Tony, Golden Globe, Emmy, and Screen Actors ...
appeared as
Earth-838
The multiverse is a fictional setting in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise. Based on the setting of the same name from the Marvel Comics, it is a collection of infinitely many alternate realities and dimensions. First explo ...
Professor
Charles Xavier
Professor X (Charles Francis Xavier) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted as the founder and sometimes leader of the X-Men. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co- ...
in ''
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness
''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'' is a 2022 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the character Doctor Strange. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the sequel ...
'' (2022), portraying a different version of the character that he previously played in
20th Century Fox's
''X-Men'' film series,
while
Kamala Khan
Kamala Khan is a superheroine who appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by editors Sana Amanat and Stephen Wacker, writer G. Willow Wilson, and artists Adrian Alphona and Jamie McKelvie, Kamala is Marvel's first ...
was revealed to have a genetic mutation in ''
Ms. Marvel
Ms. Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was originally conceived as a female counterpart to Captain Marvel. Like Captain Marvel, most of the bearers of the Ms. M ...
'',
with star
Iman Vellani
Iman Vellani (; born August 12, 2002) is a Pakistani-born Canadian actress. She is known for the Disney+ miniseries ''Ms. Marvel'' (2022) as the protagonist Kamala Khan, a role she will reprise in the film ''The Marvels'' (2023).
Early life
Bor ...
confirming she was the first
mutant
In biology, and especially in genetics, a mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is generally an alteration of the DNA sequence of the genome or chromosome of an organism. It ...
in the MCU.
Marvel Television
![Jeph Loeb San Diego Comic Con 2019](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Jeph_Loeb_San_Diego_Comic_Con_2019.jpg)
In June 2010, Marvel Television was launched with
Jeph Loeb
Joseph "Jeph" Loeb III () is an American film and television writer, producer and comic book writer. Loeb was a producer/writer on the TV series ''Smallville'' and ''Lost'', writer for the films '' Commando'' and ''Teen Wolf'', and a writer and ...
as head.
By July 2012, Marvel Television had entered into discussions with
ABC
ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet.
ABC or abc may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting
* American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster
** Disney–ABC Television ...
to create a show set in the MCU;
the network ultimately created the series ''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
''Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' is an American television series created by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen for ABC, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement, an ...
'', ''
Agent Carter'',
and ''
Inhumans
The Inhumans are a fictional superhuman race of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The comic book series has usually focused more specifically on the adventures of the Inhuman Royal Family, and many peop ...
'', which was a co-production with
IMAX Corporation
IMAX Corporation is a Canadian theatre company which designs and manufactures IMAX cameras and projection systems as well as performing film development, production, post-production and distribution to IMAX-affiliated theatres worldwide. Founde ...
.
In November 2013, Disney was set to provide
Netflix
Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a fil ...
with the live-action series ''
Daredevil'', ''
Jessica Jones'', ''
Luke Cage
Lucas "Luke" Cage, born Carl Lucas and also known as Power Man, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in ''Luke Cage, Hero for Hire'' #1 (June 1972) and was created by Archie Go ...
'', and ''
Iron Fist'', leading up to the miniseries ''
The Defenders''.
In April 2016, Netflix ordered ''
The Punisher
The Punisher (Francis "Frank" Castle, born Castiglione) is an antihero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer Gerry Conway and artists John Romita Sr. and Ross Andru. The Punisher made ...
'', a spin-off of ''Daredevil''.
By February 2019, Netflix had cancelled all of its Marvel series.
In April 2016, the Disney-owned
cable
Cable may refer to:
Mechanical
* Nautical cable, an assembly of three or more ropes woven against the weave of the ropes, rendering it virtually waterproof
* Wire rope, a type of rope that consists of several strands of metal wire laid into a hel ...
network
Freeform announced ''
Cloak & Dagger''.
In May 2017, Marvel announced that ''
Runaways'' had received a series order from Hulu.
In May 2019, Marvel announced that ''
Helstrom'' had been greenlit for Hulu.
In October 2019, further corporate restructuring saw Feige named Chief Creative Officer of Marvel Entertainment, with Marvel Television becoming part of Marvel Studios and executives of Marvel Television reporting to Feige.
In December 2019, Marvel Television was folded into Marvel Studios, with Marvel Studios taking over production of the current series at the time; no further series from Marvel Television were being considered for development.
In January 2021, Feige said "never say never" to potentially reviving the Netflix series, but noted Marvel Studios was focused on their new Disney+ series announced at that time.
In May 2022, it was revealed that Marvel Studios was developing a new ''Daredevil'' series for Disney+,
which was announced in July as ''
Daredevil: Born Again''.
Other media expansion
In 2008, the first tie-in comic was released.
Quesada noted the comics would be set within the continuity of the films, but were not intended to be direct adaptions. Rather, they would explore "something that happened off screen" or flesh out something briefly mentioned. Feige was involved with the creation of the comics, with the film's screenwriters sometimes as well.
Marvel Comics worked with Brad Winderbaum, Jeremy Latcham, and Will Corona Pilgrim at Marvel Studios to decide which concepts should be carried over from the Marvel Comics Universe to the Marvel Cinematic Universe, what to show in the tie-in comics, and what to leave for the films.
Marvel has clarified which of the tie-in comics are considered canonical MCU stories, with the rest merely inspired by the MCU, "where we get to show off all the characters from the film in costume and in comic form".
In August 2011, Marvel announced a series of
direct-to-video
Direct-to-video or straight-to-video refers to the release of a film, TV series, short or special to the public immediately on home video formats rather than an initial theatrical release or television premiere. This distribution strategy wa ...
short film
A short film is any motion picture that is short enough in running time not to be considered a feature film. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes ...
s called
Marvel One-Shots
Marvel One-Shots are a series of direct-to-video short films produced by Marvel Studios, set within or inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Initially released from 2011 to 2014, they were included as special features on the MCU fi ...
,
the name derived from the label used by Marvel Comics for their
one-shot comics.
Co-producer Brad Winderbaum called the short films "a fun way to experiment with new characters and ideas" and to expand the MCU.
Each short film is designed to be a self-contained story that provides more backstory for characters or events introduced in the films.
In March 2015, Marvel's Vice President of Animation Development and Production, Cort Lane, stated that animated tie-ins to the MCU were "in the works".
That July, Marvel Studios partnered with
Google
Google LLC () is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company focusing on Search Engine, search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, software, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, ar ...
to produce the faux news program ''
WHIH Newsfront with Christine Everhart'', a series of in-universe
YouTube
YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
videos serving as the center of a
viral marketing
Viral marketing is a business strategy that uses existing social networks to promote a product mainly on various social media platforms. Its name refers to how consumers spread information about a product with other people, much in the same way tha ...
campaign to promote the films and universe.
In December 2016, a six-part web series, ''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.: Slingshot'', was revealed, which debuted on
ABC.com on December 13, 2016. It follows
Elena "Yo-Yo" Rodriguez on a secret mission, shortly before the start of ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.''s
fourth season, with
Natalia Cordova-Buckley
Natalia Cordova-Buckley (born November 25, 1982) is a Mexican-American actress. She is best known for starring as Elena "Yo-Yo" Rodriguez / Slingshot in the ABC superhero drama series '' Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' (2013–2020).
Early l ...
reprising her role.
In September 2019, Sony created a real version of the fictional ''
The Daily Bugle
The ''Daily Bugle'' (at one time ''The DB'') is a fictional New York City tabloid newspaper appearing as a plot element in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The ''Daily Bugle'' is a regular fixture in the Marvel Universe, mos ...
'' website as part of a viral marketing campaign to promote the home media release of ''
Spider-Man: Far From Home'' (2019). Inspired by real-world "conspiracy-pushing" websites such as that of
Alex Jones
Alexander Emerick Jones (born February 11, 1974) is an American far-right and alt-right radio show host and prominent conspiracy theorist. He hosts ''The Alex Jones Show'' from Austin, Texas, which the Genesis Communications Network broadcas ...
, the website features
J. K. Simmons
Jonathan Kimble Simmons (born January 9, 1955) is an American actor, considered one of the most prolific and well-established character actors of his generation. He has appeared in over 200 films and television roles since his debut in 1986. He i ...
reprising his role as
J. Jonah Jameson in a video where he speaks out against Spider-Man before asking viewers to "like and subscribe".
In December 2020, Marvel Studios announced ''
I Am Groot
''I Am Groot'' is an American series of animated shorts created by Kirsten Lepore for the streaming service Disney+, based on the Marvel Comics featuring the character Groot. It features characters from the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), fo ...
'', a series of
photorealistic
Photorealism is a genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing and other graphic media, in which an artist studies a photograph and then attempts to reproduce the image as realistically as possible in another medium. Although the term can be ...
animated shorts starring
Baby Groot for Disney+.
Business practices
![Joss Whedon by Gage Skidmore 8](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Joss_Whedon_by_Gage_Skidmore_8.jpg)
Marvel Studios often puts together a "lookbook" of influences from the comics and art by Marvel's visual development department, to create a visual template for a project. These are put together at company retreats, which the studio holds every "18 months or so" to plan out and develop the phases of the MCU. These lookbooks are not always shown to directors, though, with Marvel sometimes preferring to let the director offer their own ideas first.
When choosing a director for a project, Marvel Studios looks for filmmakers to hire who are able to guide a film,
with some of their choices considered "out-of-left-field", given a director's previous work. Feige remarked, "You don't have to have directed a big, giant visual-effects movie to do a big, giant visual-effects movie for us. You just have to have done something singularly sort of awesome."
The studio ensures directors are open to the idea of the shared universe and are willing to include connective material, such as Kenneth Branagh and Joe Johnston needing to include ''Avengers'' set-up scenes in ''Thor'' and ''Captain America: The First Avenger'', respectively.
Marvel Studios usually has a big idea they would like to explore or build to in a project, such as
Hydra infiltrating
S.H.I.E.L.D.
S.H.I.E.L.D. is a fictional espionage, special law enforcement, and counter-terrorism agency appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby in ''Strange Tales'' #135 (August 1965), it often dea ...
in ''Captain America: The Winter Soldier'', with it up to the filmmakers to interpret and "improv a little bit" to get there.
After these ideas have been developed, the creative team then begins to explore ideas happening in other future projects to see how to make any larger universe connections.
There was large amount of collaboration between the Russo brothers and writers
Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely with the other Phase Three directors and writers to make sure "everything line
up right" for the MCU's "culmination" in ''Avengers: Infinity War'' and ''Avengers: Endgame''.
Marvel Studios also began contracting their actors for multiple films, including signing actor
Samuel L. Jackson
Samuel Leroy Jackson (born December 21, 1948) is an American actor and producer. One of the most widely recognized actors of his generation, the films in which he has appeared have collectively grossed over $27 billion worldwide, making him ...
to a then "unprecedented" nine-movie contract.
Feige said the studio has all actors sign contracts for multiple films, with the norm being for 3 or more, and the 9 or 12 film deals "more rare".
Actor's contracts also feature clauses that allows Marvel to use up to three minutes of an actor's performance from one film in another, which Marvel describes as "bridging material".
By the start of Phase Four, Marvel Studios was no longer contracting actors for a large number of projects, with deal lengths varying for each actor and project. Feige said the studio was looking for actors who were excited to join the franchise and appear in multiple projects without being locked into contractual obligations. He also noted that they were starting to include theme park attractions in actors' deals.
In August 2012, Marvel signed Joss Whedon to an exclusive contract through June 2015 for film and television. With the deal, Whedon would "contribute creatively" on Phase Two of the MCU and develop the first television series set in the universe.
In April 2017,
James Gunn
James Francis Gunn Jr. (born August 5, 1966) is an American filmmaker and executive. He began his career as a screenwriter in the mid-1990s, starting at Troma Entertainment with ''Tromeo and Juliet'' (1997). He then began working as a directo ...
revealed he would be working with Marvel "to help design where
he Guardians of the Galaxy characters'stories go, and make sure the future of the Marvel Cosmic Universe is as special and authentic and magical as what we have created so far".
By December 2020, because of the
impact COVID-19 had on theaters and film studios shifting away from theatrical releases, Marvel Studios began exploring updated contracts for actors, writers, directors, and producers to receive adjusted compensation in the event a film had to debut on Disney+ instead of in theaters. ''
TheWrap
''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
'' reported it was believed the new contracts would only apply to films about to enter production, and was unclear if any adjustments would be made to contracts for films already completed but not yet released.
For Marvel Television, Loeb explained that they saw themselves as producers providing support to the showrunner: "we're involved in every aspect of the production—whether it's being in the writers' room, editing on set, casting—every step of the production goes through the Marvel team to tell the best story that we can." He added that the studio is able to work on so many series across different networks and platforms because all they needed was one person from the studio working on each series to help "guide the process".
Actors appearing in Marvel Television series, such as
Charlie Cox
Charlie Thomas Cox (born 15 December 1982) is an English actor. He is known for portraying Matt Murdock / Daredevil in several projects of the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise, including lead roles in the television series ''Daredevil'' (201 ...
(Matt Murdock / Daredevil in ''Daredevil'') and
Adrianne Palicki
Adrianne Lee Palicki ( ; born May 6, 1983) is an American actress and model. She is best known for her starring roles as Tyra Collette in the NBC sports drama series '' Friday Night Lights'' (2006–2011), as Barbara "Bobbi" Morse/Mockingbird ...
(
Bobbi Morse / Mockingbird in ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.''), were contractually obliged to appear in a Marvel film if asked.
When developing the crossover miniseries ''The Defenders'', showrunner Marco Ramirez consulted with the creators of all the individual Marvel Netflix series, having them read each of the scripts for ''The Defenders'' and provide insight into individual characters' worlds.
In December 2021, Feige confirmed that Cox would reprise the role of Daredevil in Marvel Studios MCU productions,
with Cox first reprising the role in the film ''
Spider-Man: No Way Home'' (2021). Additionally, D'Onofrio first reprises his role as Kingpin in the Disney+ series ''
Hawkeye'' (2021).
Feature films
Marvel Studios releases its films in groups called "Phases".
The Infinity Saga
The first three phases are collectively known as "The Infinity Saga".
Phase One consists of ''
Iron Man'' (2008), ''
The Incredible Hulk
The Hulk is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in the debut issue of '' The Incredible Hulk'' (May 1962). In his comic book a ...
'' (2008), ''
Iron Man 2
''Iron Man 2'' is a 2010 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures, it is the sequel to '' Iron Man'' (2008) and the third film in the Marvel ...
'' (2010), ''
Thor
Thor (; from non, Þórr ) is a prominent god in Germanic paganism. In Norse mythology, he is a hammer-wielding god associated with lightning, thunder, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, the protection of humankind, hallowing, an ...
'' (2011), and ''
Captain America: The First Avenger'' (2011), and concludes with the
crossover
Crossover may refer to:
Entertainment
Albums and songs
* ''Cross Over'' (Dan Peek album)
* ''Crossover'' (Dirty Rotten Imbeciles album), 1987
* ''Crossover'' (Intrigue album)
* ''Crossover'' (Hitomi Shimatani album)
* ''Crossover'' (Yoshino ...
film ''
The Avengers'' (2012).
Phase Two comprises ''
Iron Man 3
''Iron Man 3'' (titled onscreen as ''Iron Man Three'') is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to ''Ir ...
'' (2013), ''
Thor: The Dark World'' (2013), ''
Captain America: The Winter Soldier'' (2014), ''
Guardians of the Galaxy
The Guardians of the Galaxy is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
It may more specifically refer to:
Comic book teams
* Guardians of the Galaxy (1969 team), the original 31st-century team fr ...
'' (2014), ''
Avengers: Age of Ultron'' (2015), and ''
Ant-Man
Ant-Man is the name of several superheroes appearing in books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby, Ant-Man's first appearance was in ''Tales to Astonish'' #27 (January 1962) but first appeared in cost ...
'' (2015).
''
Captain America: Civil War'' (2016) is the first film of
Phase Three, and is followed by ''
Doctor Strange'' (2016), ''
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2'' is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to ' ...
'' (2017), ''
Spider-Man: Homecoming'' (2017), ''
Thor: Ragnarok'' (2017), ''
Black Panther'' (2018), ''
Avengers: Infinity War'' (2018), ''
Ant-Man and the Wasp
''Ant-Man and the Wasp'' is a 2018 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope Pym / Wasp. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is th ...
'' (2018), ''
Captain Marvel'' (2019), ''
Avengers: Endgame'' (2019), and ''
Spider-Man: Far From Home'' (2019).
The Multiverse Saga
The second three phases are collectively known as "The Multiverse Saga", and include television series on
Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
.
Phase Four includes ''
Black Widow'' (2021), ''
Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings
''Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings'' is a 2021 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the character Shang-Chi. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the 25th film ...
'' (2021), ''
Eternals'' (2021), ''
Spider-Man: No Way Home'' (2021), ''
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness
''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'' is a 2022 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the character Doctor Strange. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the sequel ...
'' (2022), ''
Thor: Love and Thunder'' (2022), and ''
Black Panther: Wakanda Forever'' (2022).
Phase Five begins with ''
Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania'' (2023), followed by ''
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3'' (2023), ''
The Marvels
''The Marvels'' is an upcoming American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Carol Danvers / Captain Marvel, Kamala Khan / Ms. Marvel, and Monica Rambeau. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney S ...
'' (2023), ''
Captain America: New World Order'' (2024), ''
Thunderbolts'' (2024), and ''
Blade
A blade is the portion of a tool, weapon, or machine with an edge that is designed to puncture, chop, slice or scrape surfaces or materials. Blades are typically made from materials that are harder than those they are to be used on. Historic ...
'' (2024).
Phase Six begins with ''
Deadpool 3
''Deadpool 2'' is a 2018 American superhero comedy film based on the Marvel Comics character Deadpool. Distributed by 20th Century Fox, it is the sequel to ''Deadpool'' (2016) and the eleventh installment overall in the ''X-Men'' film series. ...
'' (2024), followed by ''
Fantastic Four'' (2025), and will conclude with ''
Avengers: The Kang Dynasty'' (2025) and ''
Avengers: Secret Wars'' (2026).
Television series and specials
Marvel Television series
Marvel Television
Marvel Television was an American television production company responsible for live-action and animated (through Marvel Animation) television shows and direct-to-DVD series based on characters from Marvel Comics. The division was based at affi ...
produced multiple television series set in the MCU across broadcast, streaming, and cable. The
"Marvel Heroes" series–''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
''Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' is an American television series created by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen for ABC, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement, an ...
'' (2013–2020), ''
Agent Carter'' (2015–2016), and ''
Inhumans
The Inhumans are a fictional superhuman race of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The comic book series has usually focused more specifically on the adventures of the Inhuman Royal Family, and many peop ...
'' (2017)–aired on
ABC
ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet.
ABC or abc may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting
* American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster
** Disney–ABC Television ...
; the
"Marvel Knights" series–''
Daredevil'' (2015–2018), ''
Jessica Jones'' (2015–2019), ''
Luke Cage
Lucas "Luke" Cage, born Carl Lucas and also known as Power Man, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in ''Luke Cage, Hero for Hire'' #1 (June 1972) and was created by Archie Go ...
'' (2016–2018), ''
Iron Fist'' (2017–2018), the crossover miniseries ''
The Defenders'' (2017), and ''
The Punisher
The Punisher (Francis "Frank" Castle, born Castiglione) is an antihero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer Gerry Conway and artists John Romita Sr. and Ross Andru. The Punisher made ...
'' (2017–2019)–streamed on
Netflix
Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a fil ...
;
young adult series included ''
Runaways'' (2017–2019) streaming on
Hulu and ''
Cloak & Dagger'' (2018–2019) airing on
Freeform; and the Hulu series ''
Helstrom'' (2020) was originally intended to be the start of a planned "
Adventure into Fear
''Adventure into Fear'' is an American horror comic book series published by Marvel Comics from cover dates November 1970 through December 1975, for 31 issues. This is its trademarked cover title for all but its first nine issues, though the ser ...
" franchise.
Upon ''Helstrom''s release, showrunner
Paul Zbyszewski
Paul Zbyszewski is an American television writer and producer. He has worked in both capacities on the series ''Lost'' and ''Day Break'', and he is the creator of ''Day Break''. He also wrote the feature film '' After the Sunset''.
Career
Zbyszew ...
noted the series was "not tied to the MCU".
Marvel Studios series
Beginning with Phase Four, television series, which released on Disney+, were included as part of the Phases in addition to their feature films. Phase Four includes the series ''
WandaVision
''WandaVision'' is an American television miniseries created by Jac Schaeffer for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch and Vision. It is the first television series in ...
'' (2021), ''
The Falcon and the Winter Soldier
''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'' is an American television miniseries created by Malcolm Spellman for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Sam Wilson / Falcon and Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier. ...
'' (2021), the
first season of ''
Loki'' (2021), the
first season of the animated series ''
What If...?'' (2021), ''
Hawkeye'' (2021), ''Moon Knight (TV series), Moon Knight'' (2022), ''
Ms. Marvel
Ms. Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was originally conceived as a female counterpart to Captain Marvel. Like Captain Marvel, most of the bearers of the Ms. M ...
'' (2022), and ''She-Hulk: Attorney at Law'' (2022). The television specials ''
Werewolf by Night
The Werewolf by Night (usually referred to by other characters simply as the Werewolf) is the name applied to two fictional characters who are werewolves appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The first incarnation of We ...
'' (2022) and ''
The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special
''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special'' is an American television special written and directed by James Gunn for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy. It is the sec ...
'' (2022) are also included in the phase.
Phase Five includes the What If...? (season 2), second season of ''
What If...?'' (2023), ''Secret Invasion (TV series), Secret Invasion'' (2023), the Loki (season 2), second season of ''Loki'' (2023), ''Ironheart (TV series), Ironheart'' (2023), ''Echo (TV series), Echo'' (2023), ''Agatha: Coven of Chaos'' (2023), and ''
Daredevil: Born Again'' (2024).
Short films
Marvel One-Shots
Marvel One-Shots
Marvel One-Shots are a series of direct-to-video short films produced by Marvel Studios, set within or inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Initially released from 2011 to 2014, they were included as special features on the MCU fi ...
are a series of
direct-to-video
Direct-to-video or straight-to-video refers to the release of a film, TV series, short or special to the public immediately on home video formats rather than an initial theatrical release or television premiere. This distribution strategy wa ...
short film
A short film is any motion picture that is short enough in running time not to be considered a feature film. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes ...
s that are included as special features in the MCU films' Blu-ray Disc, Blu-ray and digital distribution releases. The films included ''The Consultant (film), The Consultant'' (2011), ''A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer'' (2011),
''Item 47'' (2012),
''Agent Carter (film), Agent Carter'' (2013),
and ''All Hail the King'' (2014).
Following the One-Shots becoming available on Disney+ in January 2022, Marvel classified the ''Team Thor'' mockumentary shorts as One-Shots.
''Team Thor'' is a series of direct-to-video mockumentary short films that were released from 2016 to 2018, consisting of ''Team Thor'', ''Team Thor: Part 2'', and ''Team Darryl'', all written and directed by Taika Waititi.
''I Am Groot''
''I Am Groot'' is a series of
photorealistic
Photorealism is a genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing and other graphic media, in which an artist studies a photograph and then attempts to reproduce the image as realistically as possible in another medium. Although the term can be ...
animated short films for Disney+ starring
Baby Groot going on adventures with new and unusual characters.
Vin Diesel reprises his role, with five shorts releasing on August 10, 2022.
Five additional shorts are in development.
Other media
Digital series
''
WHIH Newsfront
''WHIH Newsfront'' is a faux American current affairs digital series serving as the center of several viral marketing campaigns for Marvel Studios. Based on the fictional television network WHIH World News that appears throughout the Marvel ...
'' (2015–16) is an in-universe current affairs show that serves as a
viral marketing
Viral marketing is a business strategy that uses existing social networks to promote a product mainly on various social media platforms. Its name refers to how consumers spread information about a product with other people, much in the same way tha ...
campaign for some of the MCU films, created in partnership with Google for
YouTube
YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
.
The campaign is an extension of the fictional news network WHIH World News, which is seen reporting on major events in many MCU films and television series.
Leslie Bibb reprises her role as Christine Everhart (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Christine Everhart from the ''Iron Man'' films.
''
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.: Slingshot'' (2016) is a web series, digital series created for
ABC.com and produced by Marvel Television that is a supplement to ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'', with the main cast reprising their roles.
The first two seasons of ''
The Daily Bugle
The ''Daily Bugle'' (at one time ''The DB'') is a fictional New York City tabloid newspaper appearing as a plot element in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The ''Daily Bugle'' is a regular fixture in the Marvel Universe, mos ...
'' (2019–present) are an in-universe current affairs show serving as viral marketing campaign for the films ''Spider-Man: Far From Home'' and ''Spider-Man: No Way Home'', with the videos released on YouTube and TikTok. It is based on the fictional sensationalist news outlet TheDailyBugle.net, of the same name that appears in the MCU—itself based on the fictional newspaper agency Daily Bugle, of the same name appearing in several
Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics is an American comic book publishing, publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a divsion of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, ''Magazine Management/Atlas Co ...
publications.
J. K. Simmons
Jonathan Kimble Simmons (born January 9, 1955) is an American actor, considered one of the most prolific and well-established character actors of his generation. He has appeared in over 200 films and television roles since his debut in 1986. He i ...
and Angourie Rice reprise their roles as
J. Jonah Jameson and Betty Brant (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Betty Brant from the ''Spider-Man'' films.
Comic books
Multiple Limited series (comics), limited series or One-shot (comics), one-shot comics have been published by Marvel Comics that tie-into the MCU films and television series. They are intended to tell additional stories about existing characters, or to make connections between MCU projects, without necessarily expanding the universe or introducing new concepts or characters.
Books
''The Wakanda Files: A Technological Exploration of the Avengers and Beyond'' is "a collection of papers, articles, blueprints, and notes amassed throughout history by Wakanda's War Dogs" at the request of Shuri (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Shuri. It is organized by areas of study and covers the technological advancements throughout the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The book, which exists in-universe, was written by Troy Benjamin and published by Epic Ink and Quarto Publishing Group. ''The Wakanda Files'' has content printed with UV ink that can be viewed with Kimoyo bead–shaped UV lights included with the book. It was released on October 20, 2020.
Music
Various composers have created the Film score, film and television scores of the MCU films, television series, One-Shots, Special Presentations, and other related projects of the MCU. Original songs have also been created specifically for use in the franchise, while Brian Tyler and Michael Giacchino have both scored fanfares for the Marvel Studios production logo.
Timeline
As depicted in the MCU
During
Phase One of the MCU, Marvel Studios lined up some of their films' stories with references to one another, though they had no long-term plan for the shared universe's timeline at that point.
''
Iron Man 2
''Iron Man 2'' is a 2010 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures, it is the sequel to '' Iron Man'' (2008) and the third film in the Marvel ...
'' is set six months after the events of ''
Iron Man'',
and around the same time as ''
Thor
Thor (; from non, Þórr ) is a prominent god in Germanic paganism. In Norse mythology, he is a hammer-wielding god associated with lightning, thunder, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, the protection of humankind, hallowing, an ...
'' according to comments made by Nick Fury (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Nick Fury.
Several of Marvel's One-Shot films also occur around the events of Phase One films, including ''The Consultant (film), The Consultant'' (set after the events of ''Iron Man 2'' and ''The Incredible Hulk''), ''A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer'' (set before the events of ''Thor''),
''Item 47'' (set after ''The Avengers''),
and ''Agent Carter (film), Agent Carter'' (set one year after the events of ''
Captain America: The First Avenger'').
Wanting to simplify the in-universe timeline,
the
Phase Two films were set roughly in real time relating to ''The Avengers'': ''
Iron Man 3
''Iron Man 3'' (titled onscreen as ''Iron Man Three'') is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to ''Ir ...
'' takes place about six months later, during Christmas;
''
Thor: The Dark World'' is set one year later;
and ''
Captain America: The Winter Soldier'' is two years after.
''
Avengers: Age of Ultron'' and ''
Ant-Man
Ant-Man is the name of several superheroes appearing in books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby, Ant-Man's first appearance was in ''Tales to Astonish'' #27 (January 1962) but first appeared in cost ...
'' ended the phase in 2015,
with several months passing between those films in-universe as in real life.
The One-Shot ''All Hail the King'' is set after the events of ''Iron Man 3''.
For
Phase Three, directors the Russo brothers wanted to continue using real time, and so ''
Captain America: Civil War'' begins a year after ''Age of Ultron'',
with ''
Avengers: Infinity War'' set two years after that.
Producer Brad Winderbaum said the Phase Three films would actually "happen on top of each other" while being less "interlocked" as the Phase One films were,
with ''
Black Panther'' and ''
Spider-Man: Homecoming'' respectively beginning a week and several months after ''Civil War'';
''
Thor: Ragnarok'' beginning four years after ''The Dark World'' and two years after ''Age of Ultron'',
around the same time as ''Civil War'' and ''Homecoming'';
''
Doctor Strange'' taking place over a whole year and ending in late 2016,
"up to date with the rest of the MCU";
''
Ant-Man and the Wasp
''Ant-Man and the Wasp'' is a 2018 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope Pym / Wasp. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is th ...
'' also set two years after ''Civil War'' and shortly before ''Infinity War'';
and both ''
Guardians of the Galaxy
The Guardians of the Galaxy is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
It may more specifically refer to:
Comic book teams
* Guardians of the Galaxy (1969 team), the original 31st-century team fr ...
'' and its sequel ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Vol. 2'' being explicitly set in 2014,
which Feige believed would create a four-year gap between ''Vol. 2'' and ''Infinity War'', though the other MCU films up to that point do not specify years onscreen.
Following ''Infinity War'', the Russo brothers said future films would not necessarily be set according to real time as there are "a lot of very inventive ways of where the story can go from here", with both ''Ant-Man and the Wasp'' and ''
Captain Marvel'' set earlier in the timeline;
the latter is set in 1995.
''
Avengers: Endgame'' begins shortly after ''Infinity War'' and ends in 2023 after a five-year time jump.
It confirms dates for several of the other films, including ''The Avengers'' in 2012, ''Thor: The Dark World'' in 2013, ''Guardians of the Galaxy'' in 2014,
''Doctor Strange'' around 2017,
and ''Ant-Man and the Wasp'' in 2018 before ''Infinity War''. ''
Spider-Man: Far From Home'' begins eight months after ''Endgame'' in 2024.
With
Phase Four, Marvel Studios expanded into television series, which have greater interconnectivity with the MCU feature films than List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series#Marvel Television, the series from Marvel Television.
Many of the properties in the Phase are set after the events of ''Avengers: Endgame''. ''
WandaVision
''WandaVision'' is an American television miniseries created by Jac Schaeffer for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch and Vision. It is the first television series in ...
'' is set three weeks after the events of that film,
and directly sets up ''
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness
''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'' is a 2022 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the character Doctor Strange. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the sequel ...
'';
''
The Falcon and the Winter Soldier
''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'' is an American television miniseries created by Malcolm Spellman for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the characters Sam Wilson / Falcon and Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier. ...
'' is set six months after ''Endgame''.
''
Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings
''Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings'' is a 2021 American superhero film based on Marvel Comics featuring the character Shang-Chi. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the 25th film ...
'' is also set after ''Endgame'' during the days leading to the Qingming Festival in early April,
with ''She-Hulk: Attorney at Law'' set "a relatively short amount of time" after ''Shang-Chi''.
''
Eternals'' takes place around the same time as ''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'' and ''Spider-Man: Far From Home'', six to eight months after ''Endgame'' in 2024,
while ''
Spider-Man: No Way Home'' begins immediately after ''Far From Home'', and continues over late 2024.
''
Hawkeye'' takes place one year after the events of ''Endgame'' during the 2024 Christmas season.
''Moon Knight (TV series), Moon Knight'' is set after ''Hawkeye'' in early 2025,
while ''Multiverse of Madness'' is set after ''Spider-Man: No Way Home''.
''
Ms. Marvel
Ms. Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was originally conceived as a female counterpart to Captain Marvel. Like Captain Marvel, most of the bearers of the Ms. M ...
'' is set after ''Moon Knight'', one to two years after ''Endgame''.
''
Thor: Love and Thunder'' is set after ''Endgame'',
eight and a half years after Thor broke up with Jane, which had occurred by ''Ragnarok'',
and "a few weeks" since Thor joined the Guardians of the Galaxy.
According to producer Nate Moore, ''
Black Panther: Wakanda Forever'' is set after ''No Way Home'' and ''Eternals'', "potentially concurrent" with ''Love and Thunder'' and ''
Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania''.
''
The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special
''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special'' is an American television special written and directed by James Gunn for the streaming service Disney+, based on Marvel Comics featuring the superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy. It is the sec ...
'' is set "a fairly long time" after the events of ''Love and Thunder'' and before the events of ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3''.
The
first season of ''
Loki'' continues from the 2012 events seen in ''Endgame'', but much of the series exists outside of time and space given the introduction of the Time Variance Authority (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Time Variance Authority.
''
What If...?'' is set after ''Loki''s For All Time. Always., first season finale, exploring the various branching timelines of the newly created multiverse in which major moments from the MCU films occur differently.
''
Black Widow'' is set between ''Civil War'' and ''Infinity War'', mostly taking place between the main plot of ''Civil War'' and its final scene.
The ''
I Am Groot
''I Am Groot'' is an American series of animated shorts created by Kirsten Lepore for the streaming service Disney+, based on the Marvel Comics featuring the character Groot. It features characters from the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), fo ...
'' shorts are set between the end of ''Guardians of the Galaxy'' and the start of ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2'', and the end of ''Vol. 2'' and its mid-credits scene.
The special ''
Werewolf by Night
The Werewolf by Night (usually referred to by other characters simply as the Werewolf) is the name applied to two fictional characters who are werewolves appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The first incarnation of We ...
'' exists within the MCU but does not state "when, how or why". The director Michael Giacchino has "a very specific idea" of how the special fits into the MCU that had not been discussed with Marvel Studios.
In
Phase Five, ''Secret Invasion (TV series), Secret Invasion'' is set after the events of ''Far From Home''.
Codifying attempts
The official canon tie-in comic ''Fury's Big Week'' confirmed that ''
The Incredible Hulk
The Hulk is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in the debut issue of '' The Incredible Hulk'' (May 1962). In his comic book a ...
'', ''Iron Man 2'', and ''Thor'' all took place within a week, a year before the crossover film ''
The Avengers''. Writers Christopher Yost and Eric Pearson tried to follow the logic of the films' timeline when plotting the comic, and received "the seal of approval" from Feige and Marvel Studios on the final timeline.
As promotion for ''The Avengers'', Marvel released an official infographic detailing this timeline in May 2012.
When ''Spider-Man: Homecoming'' was being developed, director and co-writer Jon Watts was shown a scroll detailing the MCU timeline that was created by co-producer Eric Carroll when he first began working for Marvel Studios. Watts said the scroll included both where the continuity of the films lined-up and did not lineup, and when fully unfurled it extended beyond the length of a long conference table. This scroll was used as the basis to weave the continuity of ''Homecoming'' into the previous films, such as ''The Avengers''.
This was labeled in the film with a title card stating that eight years pass between the end of ''The Avengers'' and the events of ''Civil War'', which was widely criticized as a continuity error that broke the established MCU timeline, in which only four years should have passed.
Additionally, dialogue in ''Civil War'' indicates that eight years pass between the end of ''Iron Man'' and the events of that film, despite the established continuity being closer to five or six years.
''Infinity War'' co-director Russo brothers, Joe Russo described the ''Homecoming'' eight years time jump as "very incorrect",
and the mistake was ignored in ''Infinity War'' which specified that its events were taking place only six years after ''The Avengers''.
The public response to the ''Homecoming'' mistake inspired Marvel Studios to release a new timeline for all three phases,
and in November 2018, a timeline, specifying dates for the events in each film released to that point, was included as part of the sourcebook ''Marvel Studios: The First 10 Years'', celebrating the 10-year anniversary of the MCU.
This timeline ignores the two "eight-year" continuity errors, but also contradicts the events of ''Black Panther'' and ''Infinity War'' by placing them in 2017. Despite the latter apparent mistakes, Thomas Bacon of ''Screen Rant'' described the timeline as "the closest Marvel has yet come to making an official statement on just when the different MCU events are set", bringing "some sense of balance to the MCU continuity".
In October 2020, the Marvel section of
Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
was restructured to include groupings of the films by phase, as well as a grouping that put the films in timeline order.
Bacon felt the placement of ''Thor: The Dark World'' between ''The Avengers'' and ''Iron Man 3'' and ''Black Panther'' after ''Captain America: Civil War'' in this timeline corrected "previous issues" with their placement in the November 2018 ''First 10 Years'' timeline, and was glad Disney and Marvel "recognize
it's possible to watch these movies in anything other than release order", "legitimiz[ing]" this viewing experience. ''The Incredible Hulk'', ''Spider-Man: Homecoming'', and ''Spider-Man: Far From Home'' were excluded since Disney did not have their distribution rights, but Bacon felt ''The Incredible Hulk'' could be viewed after ''Iron Man 2'' since it is simultaneous with that film, ''Homecoming'' could come after ''Black Panther'', and ''Far From Home'' could be viewed after ''Avengers: Endgame''.
Julia Alexander at ''The Verge'' agreed with Bacon that it "seems like Disney finally understands how [some viewers] want to watch Marvel movies".
In June 2022, ''Homecoming'' became available on Disney+ in the United Kingdom and Australia,
while ''Far From Home'' became available on Disney+ in Japan the following month;
both were added to the Disney+ timeline in those territories.
By August 2022, ''The Incredible Hulk'' was added to the Disney+ timeline in territories it was available in such as Spain and Japan.
By August 2022, Marvel Studios had hired an individual to keep track of the placement of the studio's projects in the MCU timeline.
With the release of ''Thor: Love and Thunder'' on Disney+ in September 2022, Bacon and his colleague Molly Jae Weinstein noted how the film's placement in the timeline order section on the platform seemed incorrect,
with Bacon saying it made "no sense" given dialogue and events in the film that contradicted this placement, and also pointing out how ''Shang-Chi'' and ''Moon Knight''s placements also ignored dating information given in each. Bacon said, "The MCU's timeline is now complicated by the sheer volume of Marvel films and TV shows currently in production, because even Marvel's key decision-makers don't really know quite what order things will be released."
Unlike the earlier phases where each new project was the next chronological title in the timeline,
Phase Four "has hopped around the timeline with impunity", which in turn made it "rather messy". Bacon added how viewers have noted the Disney+ timeline was "deeply flawed" with "numerous contradictions".
With the release of ''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special'', Bacon believed its placement on the Disney+ timeline "fixed" ''Love and Thunder''s placement, thinking that film should be placed in late 2024 on the timeline. He also pointed out how projects typically appear at the end of the Disney+ timeline, "even when such placements can't possibly be right".
In November 2022, Bacon noted how ''Far From Home''s appearance in the Disney+ timeline between ''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'' and ''Shang-Chi'' could not be correct given story points in each of those projects indicating where they fell in the timeline, and hoped Marvel would correct these mistakes as it had done previously with ''Black Widow'' and ''Black Panther''.
As of ''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special'', the Disney+ timeline order is ''Captain America: The First Avenger'', ''Agent Carter'', ''Captain Marvel'', ''Iron Man'', ''Iron Man 2'', ''The Incredible Hulk'', ''A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer'', ''Thor'', ''The Consultant'', ''The Avengers'', ''Item 47'', ''Thor: The Dark World'', ''Iron Man 3'', ''All Hail the King'', ''Captain America: The Winter Soldier'', ''Guardians of the Galaxy'', ''I Am Groot'' episode 1, ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2'', ''I Am Groot'' episodes 2–5, ''Avengers: Age of Ultron'', ''Ant-Man'', ''Captain America: Civil War'', ''Black Widow'', ''Black Panther'', ''Spider-Man: Homecoming'', ''Doctor Strange'', ''Thor: Ragnarok'', ''Ant-Man and the Wasp'', ''Avengers: Infinity War'', ''Avengers: Endgame'', ''Loki'', ''What If...?'', ''WandaVision'', ''The Falcon and the Winter Soldier'', ''Spider-Man: Far From Home'', ''Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings'', ''Eternals'', ''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'', ''Hawkeye'', ''Moon Knight'', ''She-Hulk: Attorney at Law'', ''Ms. Marvel'', ''Thor: Love and Thunder'', ''Werewolf by Night'', and ''The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special''.
Multiverse
The ''Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A to Z'', Vol. 5, published in 2008, originally designated the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Earth-199999 within the continuity (fiction), continuity of Marvel's comic Multiverse (Marvel Comics), multiverse, a collection of fictional alternate universes, although this designation was rarely used officially outside of the source material.
The television series ''Loki'' and ''What If...?'' were the first to explore the concept of the multiverse within the MCU,
as well as the film ''Spider-Man: No Way Home'', which connected the MCU to other Spider-Man in film, Spider-Man film franchises by featuring characters from Sam Raimi's Spider-Man (2002 film series), ''Spider-Man'' trilogy, Marc Webb's The Amazing Spider-Man (film series), ''The Amazing Spider-Man'' films, and Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU).
The SSU film ''Venom: Let There Be Carnage'' briefly featured the main universe of the MCU as well.
In ''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'', the main universe of MCU events was designated as Earth-616 (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Earth-616 (a designation first referenced in ''Spider-Man: Far From Home''), sharing the name of the Earth-616, main Marvel Comics universe, while another universe was designated as
Earth-838
The multiverse is a fictional setting in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise. Based on the setting of the same name from the Marvel Comics, it is a collection of infinitely many alternate realities and dimensions. First explo ...
.
Phases Four, Five, and Six will comprise "The Multiverse Saga".
Recurring cast and characters
Additionally, Paul Bettany was the first actor to portray two main characters within the universe, voicing Tony Stark's artificial intelligence J.A.R.V.I.S. in the ''Iron Man'' and ''Avengers'' films, and portraying Vision (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Vision in ''Avengers'' films, ''Captain America: Civil War'', and the miniseries ''WandaVision''.
J. K. Simmons
Jonathan Kimble Simmons (born January 9, 1955) is an American actor, considered one of the most prolific and well-established character actors of his generation. He has appeared in over 200 films and television roles since his debut in 1986. He i ...
became the first actor to reprise a non-MCU role in the MCU when he appeared as
J. Jonah Jameson (a role he played in Sam Raimi's Spider-Man (2002 film series), ''Spider-Man'' trilogy from 2002 to 2007) in ''Spider-Man: Far From Home''.
Prior to his death in 2018, Stan Lee, creator or co-creator of many of the characters seen in the MCU, made cameo appearances in The Watchers' Informant, all of the feature films and television series except ''Inhumans''. In ''Iron Fist'', it is revealed his on-set photograph cameo in the Marvel Netflix series is as New York City Police Department, NYPD Captain Forbush Man, Irving Forbush.
His cameo in ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2'' sees Lee appearing as an informant to the Watcher (comics), Watchers, discussing previous adventures that include Lee's cameos in other MCU films; he specifically mentions his time as a FedEx delivery man, referring to Lee's cameo in ''Captain America: Civil War''.
This acknowledged the fan theory that Lee may be portraying the same character in all his cameos,
with writer and director James Gunn noting that "people thought Stan Lee is
[Uatu, Uatu the Watcher
] and that all of these cameos are part of him being a Watcher. So, Stan Lee as a guy who is working for the Watchers was something that I thought was fun for the MCU."
Feige added that Lee "clearly exists, you know, above and apart from the reality of all the films. So the notion that he could be sitting there on a cosmic pit stop during the jump gate sequence in ''Guardians''...really says, so wait a minute, he's this same character who's popped up in all these films?"
Following Lee's death, Marvel Studios chose not to create any new Lee cameos in future projects.
NY1 news anchor Pat Kiernan has also appeared in multiple MCU films and television series as himself.
Reception
Early on, the shared universe element of the Marvel Cinematic Universe was criticized by some journalists. Around the release of ''The Avengers'' in 2012, Jim Vorel of ''Herald & Review'' called the Marvel Cinematic Universe "complicated" and "impressive", but said, "As more and more heroes get their own film adaptations, the overall universe becomes increasingly confusing."
Kofi Outlaw of ''Screen Rant'' stated that while ''The Avengers'' was a success, "Marvel Studios still has room to improve their approach to building a shared movie universe".
Some reviewers criticized the fact that the desire to create a shared universe led to films that did not hold as well on their own. In his review of ''Thor: The Dark World'', ''Forbes'' critic Scott Mendelson likened the MCU to "a glorified television series", with ''The Dark World'' being a "'stand-alone' episode that contains little long-range mythology".
Collider's Matt Goldberg considered that while ''Iron Man 2'', ''Thor'' and ''Captain America: The First Avenger'' were quality productions, "they have never really been their own movies", feeling that the plot detours to S.H.I.E.L.D. or lead-ups to ''The Avengers'' dragged down the films' narratives.
The metaphor of the MCU as "the world's biggest TV show" was discussed again, after the release of ''Captain America: Civil War'', by Emily VanDerWerff of ''Vox (website), Vox'', who felt that film in particular highlighted Marvel's success with the model, saying, "Viewed in complete isolation, the plot of ''Captain America: Civil War'' makes little to no sense ... [but] when you think about where [Captain America] has been in earlier Marvel films ... his leeriness about being subject to oversight makes a lot more sense." VanDerWerff continued that when thinking about the MCU as a television series, many "common criticisms people tend to level at it take on a new context" such as complaints that the films are formulaic, lack "visual spark", or "shoehorn in story elements" that "are necessary to set up future films", all characteristics that "are fairly typical on television, where a director's influence is much lower than that of the showrunner", in this case, Feige. Comparing the films to the series ''Game of Thrones'' specifically, VanDerWerff noted that each solo film checks "in on various characters and their individual side stories, before bringing everyone together in the finale (or, rather, an Avengers film)", with ''Guardians of the Galaxy'' being equivalent to the character Daenerys Targaryen—"both separated by long distances from everybody else". She noted that this format was an extension of early "TV-like" film franchises such as ''Star Wars'', as well as the format of the comics upon which the films are based. "I say all of this not to suggest that film franchises resembling TV series is necessarily a good trend", VanDerWerff concluded, "For as much as I generally enjoy the Marvel movies, I'm disheartened by the possibility that their particular form might take over the film industry ... But I also don't think it's the end of the world if Marvel continues on ... there's a reason TV has stolen so much of the cultural conversation over the past few decades. There's something legitimately exciting about the way the medium tells stories when it's good, and if nothing else, Marvel's success shows the film world could learn from that."
Following the conclusion of season one of ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'', Mary McNamara at the ''Los Angeles Times'' praised the connections between that series and the films, stating that "never before has television been literally married to film, charged with filling in the back story and creating the connective tissue of an ongoing film franchise ... [''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.''] is now not only a very good show in its own right, it's part of Marvel's multiplatform city-state. It faces a future of perpetual re-invention, and that puts it in the exhilarating first car of television's roller-coaster ride toward possible world domination."
Terri Schwartz of Zap2it agreed with this sentiment, stating that "the fact that [''Captain America: The Winter Soldier''] so influenced the show is game-changing in terms of how the mediums of film and television can be interwoven", though "the fault there seems to be that ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' had to bide time until ''The Winter Soldier''s release", which led to much criticism.
In January 2015, Michael Doran of Newsarama and Graeme McMillian of ''The Hollywood Reporter'' had a "point-counterpoint" debate in response to the first ''Ant-Man'' trailer. Doran stated, "Marvel has raised the bar high that as opposed to just allowing another film to finish under the [MCU] bar, we're all overly and perhaps even eager to overreact to the first thing that doesn't clear it". McMillian responded, "at this point, Marvel's brand is such that I'm not sure it can offer up something like [the trailer] it seeming like a crushing disappointment ... part of Marvel's brand is that it offer the kind of run-of-the-mill superhero movie that you're talking about, that it's ... at least different enough to tweak and play with the genre somehow ... The fact that there's such upset about this trailer being ... well, okay ... suggests to me that the audience expecting something to knock their socks off." Doran concluded, "That does seem to be the point here—the expectations fans now have for everything Marvel Studios ... [and] Marvel going to eventually falter."
After seeing the portrayal of Darren Cross (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Yellowjacket in ''Ant-Man'', the antagonist of the film, McMillian noted,
Following the release of ''Jessica Jones'', David Priest at ''CNET'' wrote about how the series rescues "Marvel from itself ... ''Jessica Jones'' takes big steps forward in terms of theme, craft and diversity. It's a good story first, and a superhero show second. And for the first time, the MCU seems like it matters. Our culture needs stories like this. Here's hoping Marvel keeps them coming."
For Paul Tassi and Erik Kain of ''Forbes'', watching the series made them question the MCU, with Kain feeling that the "morally complex, violent, dark world of ''Jessica Jones'' has no place in the MCU ... right now, the MCU is holding back shows like ''Jessica Jones'' and ''Daredevil'', while those shows are contributing absolutely nothing to the MCU."
Tassi went so far as to wonder what "the point of the Marvel Cinematic Universe" is, lamenting the lack of major crossovers in the franchise since the ''Winter Soldier'' reveal on ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'', and saying that ''Jessica Jones'' is "so far removed from the world of ''The Avengers'', it might as well not be in the same universe at all ... [I] really don't understand the point of [the MCU] if they're going to keep everything within it separated off in these little boxes".
Conversely, Eric Francisco of Inverse called ''Jessica Jones''s lack of overt connections to the MCU "the show's chief advantage. Besides demonstrating how physically wide open the MCU's scope really is, ''Jessica Jones'' also proves the MCU's thematic durability."
In April 2016, Marvel Studios revealed that Alfre Woodard would appear in ''Captain America: Civil War'', having already been cast as Mariah Dillard (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Mariah Dillard in ''Luke Cage'' the previous year.
This "raised hopes that Marvel could be uniting its film and Netflix universes",
with "one of the first and strongest connections" between the two.
''Civil War'' writers Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely revealed that Woodard would instead be portraying Miriam Sharpe (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Miriam Sharpe in the film, explaining that she had been cast on the suggestion of Robert Downey, Jr., and they had not learned of her casting in ''Luke Cage'' until afterwards.
This was not the first instance of actors being cast in multiple roles in the MCU, but this casting was called more "significant", and seen by many as a "disappointing" indication of "the growing divide" and "lack of more satisfying cooperation" between Marvel Studios and Marvel Television following the September 2015 corporate reshuffling of Marvel Entertainment.
Speaking to the 1990s setting of ''
Captain Marvel'', "the MCU's first full period piece since
Phase One's ''Captain America: The First Avenger'' in 2011", Richard Newby of ''The Hollywood Reporter'' felt the return of younger versions of some characters introduced and killed in earlier films "open[ed] up the MCU in a whole new way and broaden[ed] the franchise's mantra of 'it's all connected. Speaking specifically to Clark Gregg's appearance as Agent Phil Coulson in the film, Newby noted the appearance "doesn't exactly mend fences between Marvel's film and TV divisions, [but] it does strengthen the connective tissue and the sense that these characters still matter in the grand scheme of Marvel's film plans". He also hoped that continuity from ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' would be maintained in ''Captain Marvel'', especially since Coulson has dealt with the Kree in the series. Newby also added that shifting to different time periods would help Marvel Studios "sustain this cinematic universe for the next 10 years" by allowing them to repeat some of the genres previously used, as they could then feel "fresh" and have "different rules and different restraints," as well as allow them to build upon material established in the television series such as ''Agent Carter''. He concluded,
Likewise, in his review of ''Avengers: Endgame'', Joe Morgenstern of ''The Wall Street Journal'' acknowledged the unique achievement that the Marvel Cinematic Universe had accomplished:
Many famous filmmakers expressed different views both on the success and quality of MCU. In October 2019, filmmaker Martin Scorsese openly criticized Marvel films in an interview and during a David Lean lecture in London, later expanded in an op-ed in ''The New York Times'', asserting that these films are not cinema, but are instead the equivalent of theme park rides that lack "mystery, revelation or genuine emotional danger".
He also stated that such films are corporation products that have been "market-researched, audience-tested, vetted, modified, revetted and remodified until they're ready for consumption", and that the invasion of such "theme park" films in theaters crowded out films by other directors.
Scorsese's remarks were dismissed by directors of MCU films such as Joss Whedon and James Gunn,
while they were defended by Francis Ford Coppola, who described the potential effect of Marvel films in the film industry as "despicable".
In September 2021, director Denis Villeneuve noted that Marvel films "are nothing more than a 'cut and paste' of others" that have "turned us into zombies a bit".
In February 2022, director Roland Emmerich felt large blockbuster films such as the MCU and ''Star Wars'' films were "ruining our industry a little", since "nobody does anything original anymore".
Conversely, George Miller (filmmaker), George Miller stated, "To me, it's all cinema. I don't think you can ghettoize it and say, oh this is cinema or that is cinema. It applies to all the arts, to literature, the performing arts, painting and music, in all its form. It's such a broad spectrum, a wide range and to say that anyone is more significant or more important than the other, is missing the point. It's one big mosaic and each bit of work fits into it."
Marvel's audience was studied by Morning Consult, which found that only 9% of Marvel's fan base is Generation Z, Gen Z, 64% of fans are White people, White adults, and 42% of fans live in suburban areas.
Cultural impact
Other studios
After the release of ''The Avengers'' in May 2012, Tom Russo of ''Boston.com'' noted that aside from the occasional "novelty" such as ''Alien vs. Predator (film), Alien vs. Predator'' (2004), the idea of a shared universe was virtually unheard of in Hollywood.
Since that time, the shared universe model created by Marvel Studios has begun to be replicated by other film studios that held rights to other comic book characters. In April 2014, Tuna Amobi, a media analyst for Standard & Poor's Equity Research Services, stated that in the previous three to five years, Hollywood studios began planning "megafranchises" for years to come, opposed to working one blockbuster at a time. Amobi added, "A lot of these superhero characters were just being left there to gather dust. Disney has proved that this [approach and genre] can be a gold mine."
With more studios now "playing the megafranchise game", Doug Creutz, media analyst for Cowen and Company, feels the allure will eventually die for audiences: "If Marvel's going to make two or three films a year, and Warner Brothers is going to do at least a film every year, and Sony's going to do a film every year, and Fox [is] going to do a film every year, can everyone do well in that scenario? I'm not sure they can."
In March 2018, Patrick Shanley of ''The Hollywood Reporter'' opined that "the key differences between a regular franchise, such as ''The Fast and the Furious'' or Pitch Perfect (film series), ''Pitch Perfect'' films, and a shared universe is the amount of planning and interweaving that goes into each individual film. Its all too easy to make a film that exists solely for the purpose of setting up future installments and expanding a world, rather than a film that stands on its own merits while deftly hinting or winking at its place in the larger mythos. In that, the MCU has flourished." He felt that ''Iron Man'' "itself was aimed at being an enjoyable stand-alone experience, not as an overall advertisement for 17 subsequent movies. That mentality has persisted through most of the MCU films over the past decade, which is all the more impressive as its roster of heroes now exceeds the two-dozen mark."
DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Pictures
In October 2012, following its legal victory over Joe Shuster's estate for the rights to Superman, Warner Bros. Pictures announced that it planned to move ahead with its long-awaited Justice League Justice League in other media#Film, film, uniting such DC Comics superheroes as Batman, Superman, and Wonder Woman. The company was expected to take the opposite approach to Marvel, releasing individual films for the characters after they have appeared in a team-up film.
The release of ''Man of Steel (film), Man of Steel'' in 2013 was intended to be the start of a new shared universe for DC, "laying the groundwork for the future slate of films based on DC Comics".
In 2014, Warner Bros. announced that slate of films, similarly to Disney and Marvel claiming dates for films years in advance.
That year, DC CCO Geoff Johns stated that the television series ''Arrow (TV series), Arrow'' and ''The Flash (2014 TV series), The Flash'' were set in a separate universe from the new film one,
later clarifying that "We look at it as the multiverse. We have our TV universe and our film universe, but they all co-exist. For us, creatively, it's about allowing everyone to make the best possible product, to tell the best story, to do the best world. Everyone has a vision and you really want to let the visions shine through ... It's just a different approach [to Marvel's]."
Discussing the apparent failure of the cinematic universe's first team-up film, ''Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice'', to establish a successful equivalent to the MCU, Emily VanDerWerff noted that where the MCU has a television-like "showrunner" in Feige, "the visionary behind Marvel's entire slate", the DCEU has director Zack Snyder, whose DC films "seemingly start from the assumption that people have come not to see an individual story but a long series of teases for other ones. It's like he knows what he needs to do but can't focus on the task at hand. TV certainly isn't immune to that problem, but shows that get caught up in high-concept premises and big-picture thinking before doing the necessary legwork to establish characters and their relationships tend to be canceled."
Subsequently, in May 2016, Warner Bros. gave oversight of the DCEU to Johns and executive Jon Berg in an attempt to "unify the disparate elements of the DC movies" and emulate Marvel's success. The two were made producers on the ''Justice League'' films, on top of Johns' involvement in several "solo" films, such as the post-production process of ''Suicide Squad (film), Suicide Squad'' or the writing process of a standalone Batman film.
After the successful release of ''Wonder Woman (2017 film), Wonder Woman'' in June 2017, DC decided to begin deemphasizing the shared nature of their films, with DC Entertainment president Diane Nelson (comics), Diane Nelson stating, "Our intention, certainly, moving forward is using the continuity to help make sure nothing is diverging in a way that doesn't make sense, but there's no insistence upon an overall story line or interconnectivity in that universe... Moving forward, you'll see the DC movie universe being a universe, but one that comes from the heart of the filmmaker who's creating them." Additionally, DC began focusing on films "completely separate from everything else, set entirely outside" the DCEU as part of a new label, with Joker (2019 film), the first film centered on the Joker (character), Joker.
In August 2022, Warner Bros. Discovery CEO David Zaslav announced a 10-year plan for the DC Extended Universe similar to the one that Horn and Iger employed with Feige for the MCU.
20th Century Fox
In November 2012, 20th Century Fox announced plans to create their own shared universe, consisting of Marvel properties that it holds the rights to including the Fantastic Four and X-Men, with the hiring of Mark Millar as supervising producer. Millar said, "Fox are thinking, 'We're sitting on some really awesome things here. There is another side of the Marvel Universe. Let's try and get some cohesiveness going.' So they brought me in to oversee that really. To meet with the writers and directors to suggest new ways we could take this stuff and new properties that could spin out of it."
''X-Men: Days of Future Past'', released in 2014, was Fox's first step towards expanding their stable of Marvel properties and creating this universe,
ahead of the release of a Fantastic Four (2015 film), ''Fantastic Four'' reboot film the next year.
In May 2014, ''Days of Future Past'' and ''Fantastic Four'' screenwriter Simon Kinberg stated that the latter film would not take place in the same universe as the ''X-Men'' films, explaining that "none of the ''X-Men'' movies have acknowledged the notion of a sort of superhero team—the Fantastic Four. And the Fantastic Four acquire powers, so for them to live in a world where mutants are prevalent is kind of complicated, because you're like, 'Oh, you're just a mutant.' Like, 'What's so fantastic about you?' ... they live in discrete universes."
In July 2015, ''X-Men'' director Bryan Singer said that there was still potential for a crossover between the ''X-Men'' and ''Fantastic Four'' franchises, if reaction to ''Fantastic Four'' and ''X-Men: Apocalypse'' warranted it.
Feeling that Singer's efforts in ''Apocalypse'' to establish a larger world, similar to the MCU, did not meet the standards established by Marvel, VanDerWerff noted that unlike Feige's ability to serve as "pseudo-showrunner", Singer is instead "steeped in film and the way movie stories have always been told", so "when it comes time to have ''Apocalypse'' dovetail with story threads from the earlier ''X-Men: First Class'' [directed by Matthew Vaughn
], both Singer's direction and Simon Kinberg's script rely on hackneyed devices and clumsy storytelling", indicating a lack of "the kind of big-picture thinking this sort of mega franchise requires".
In his review of ''Dark Phoenix (film), Dark Phoenix'', Joe Morgenstern of ''The Wall Street Journal'' characterized the entire X-Men film series as being a "notoriously erratic franchise."
In March 2019, the film rights of Deadpool, the X-Men characters, and the Fantastic Four characters returned to Marvel Studios following the Walt Disney Company's acquisition of 21st Century Fox.
Sony Pictures
In November 2013, Sony Pictures Entertainment Co-Chairman Amy Pascal announced that the studio intended to expand their universe created within the The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film series), Marc Webb ''Amazing Spider-Man'' series, with spin-off adventures for supporting characters, in an attempt to replicate Marvel and Disney's model.
The next month, Sony announced Venom (Marvel Comics character), Venom and Sinister Six films, both set in the ''Amazing Spider-Man'' universe. With this announcement, ''IGN'' stated that the spin-offs are "the latest example of what we can refer to as "the ''Avengers'' effect" in Hollywood, as studios work to build interlocking movie universes."
Sony chose not to replicate the Marvel Studios model of introducing individual characters first before bringing them together in a team-up film, instead making the Spider-Man adversaries the stars of future films.
In February 2015, Sony Pictures and Marvel Studios announced that the ''Spider-Man'' franchise would be retooled, with a new film co-produced by Feige and Pascal being released in July 2017, and the character being integrated into the MCU. Sony Pictures would continue to finance, distribute, own, and have final creative control of the ''Spider-Man'' films.
With this announcement, sequels to ''The Amazing Spider-Man 2'' were canceled,
and by November 2015 the Venom and Sinister Six films, as well as spin-offs based on female characters in the Spider-Man universe, were no longer moving forward.
By March 2016, the Venom film had itself been retooled, to start its own franchise unrelated to the MCU Spider-Man.
A year later, Sony officially announced the Venom film to be in development, for an October 5, 2018 release,
along with a film centered on the characters Silver Sable and Black Cat (Marvel Comics), Black Cat known as ''Silver & Black''.
Both projects were not intended to be a part of the MCU nor spin-offs to ''Spider-Man: Homecoming'', but rather part of an intended separate shared universe known as the Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU).
The mid-credits scene of ''Venom: Let There Be Carnage'' (2021) hinted at Venom (Sony's Spider-Man Universe), Eddie Brock / Venom joining the MCU,
which was confirmed with the release of ''
Spider-Man: No Way Home'' (2021) through an uncredited cameo appearance in its mid-credits scene.
The MCU film also featured the Spider-Man in film, Spider-Man iterations from Sam Raimi and Marc Webb, Webb's ''Spider-Man'' films, both reprised by Tobey Maguire and Andrew Garfield.
After Sony canceled their shared universe plans and started sharing the Spider-Man character with Marvel Studios, multiple critics discussed their failure at replicating the MCU. Scott Meslow of ''The Week'' noted the perceived flaws of the first ''Amazing Spider-Man'' film, outside of its lead performances, and how the sequel "doubles down on all the missteps of the original while adding a few of its own. …We now have a textbook example of how not to reboot a superhero franchise, and if Sony and Marvel are wise, they'll take virtually all those lessons to heart as they chart Spider-Man's next course."
Scott Mendelson noted that ''The Amazing Spider-Man 2'' "was sold as less a sequel to ''The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film), The Amazing Spider-Man'' than a backdoor pilot for ''Spider-Man vs. the Sinister Six''. …Had Sony stuck with the original plan of a scaled-down superhero franchise, one that really was rooted in romantic drama, they would have at least stuck out in a crowded field of superhero franchises. When every superhero film is now going bigger, ''Amazing Spider-Man'' could have distinguished itself by going small and intimate." This would have saved Sony "a boatload of money", and potentially reversed the film's relative financial failure.
Academia
In September 2014, the University of Baltimore announced a course beginning in the 2015 academic term, spring semester revolving around the Marvel Cinematic Universe, to be taught by Arnold T. Blumberg. "Media Genres: Media Marvels" examines "how Marvel's series of interconnected films and television shows, plus related media and comic book sources and Joseph Campbell's monomyth, monomyth of the 'hero's journey', offer important insights into modern culture" as well as Marvel's efforts "to establish a viable universe of plotlines, characters, and backstories."
Outside media
Avengers Campus
After the acquisition by Disney in 2009, Marvel films began to be marketed at the Innoventions (Disneyland), Innoventions attraction in Tomorrowland#Disneyland (California), Tomorrowland at Disneyland. For ''Iron Man 3'', the exhibit, entitled "Iron Man Tech Presented by Stark Industries", featured the same armor display that was shown at the 2012 San Diego Comic-Con, with the Marks I-VII and the new Mark XLII. In addition, there was a simulator game, titled "Become Iron Man", that used Kinect-like technology to allow the viewer to be encased in an animated Mark XLII armor and take part in a series of "tests," in which you fire repulsor rays and fly through Tony Stark's workshop. The game was guided by J.A.R.V.I.S., who is voiced again by Paul Bettany. The exhibit also had smaller displays that included helmets and chest pieces from the earlier films and the gauntlet and boot from an action sequence in ''Iron Man 3''.
The exhibit for ''Thor: The Dark World'' was called "Thor: Treasures of Asgard", and featured displays of Asgard (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Asgardian relics and transports guests to Odin (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Odin's throne room, where they were greeted by Thor.
''Captain America: The Winter Soldier''s exhibit, "Captain America: The Living Legend and Symbol of Courage", featured a meet and greet experience.
From May to September 2017, Disneyland Resort featured the "Summer of Heroes", which sees members of the Guardians and Avengers making appearances throughout the Disneyland Resort. Additionally, the Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Dance Off event was featured, which involved Peter Quill (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Peter Quill / Star-Lord blasting music from his boombox, along with the Avengers Training Initiative, a limited experience where Natasha Romanoff (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Black Widow and Clint Barton (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Hawkeye "assemble a group of young recruits to see if they have what it takes to be an Avenger." Marvel-related food and merchandise was also available throughout Hollywood Land at Disney California Adventure during the "Summer of Heroes".
In March 2018, the Walt Disney Company announced three new Marvel-themed areas inspired by the MCU to Disney California Adventure, Walt Disney Studios Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland. The developments will be designed by Walt Disney Imagineering in collaboration with Marvel Studios and Marvel Themed Entertainment.
As was established with Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout!, Avengers Campus exists in its own theme park universe that is inspired by the MCU.
Being in the MCU multiverse, Avengers Campus has a shared history with the MCU proper, with a few notable exceptions being the Blip from ''Avengers: Infinity War'' did not occur, and some characters who died, such as Tony Stark, are still alive.
Hong Kong Disneyland
In October 2013, the Iron Man Experience attraction was announced for Hong Kong Disneyland.
It is set in the Tomorrowland section of the park,
with the area built to look like a new Stark Expo created by Tony Stark after the 2010 one, as seen in ''Iron Man 2'',
with various exhibit halls that include the Mark III armor from the films.
The area also has Iron Man and Marvel-themed merchandise items and memorabilia, plus an interactive game where guests can have the chance to try on Iron Man's armor.
Iron Man Experience sees guests assist Iron Man in defeating Hydra throughout Hong Kong,
and opened on January 11, 2017.
In March 2018, the Walt Disney Company announced a new Marvel-themed area inspired by the MCU to Hong Kong Disneyland and a new attraction where guests team up with Ant-Man and the Wasp, to join Iron Man Experience.
Inspired by ''Ant-Man and the Wasp'',
Ant-Man and The Wasp: Nano Battle! is an enclosed interactive dark ride that sees guests use laser powered weapons to team up with Ant-Man and the Wasp to defeat Arnim Zola (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Arnim Zola and his army of Hydra swarm bots.
Ant Man and the Wasp: Nano Battle! replaces the Buzz Lightyear attractions, Buzz Lightyear Astro Blasters ride,
and opened on March 31, 2019.
Disney California Adventure
By San Diego Comic-Con 2016, the The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, Tower of Terror at Disney California Adventure was set to be replaced by a new attraction, Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout!. Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldaña, Dave Bautista and Benicio del Toro all filmed exclusive footage for the attraction, reprising their roles as Peter Quill (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Peter Quill / Star-Lord, Gamora (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Gamora, Drax (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Drax and Collector (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Taneleer Tivan / The Collector, respectively.
James Gunn, director of ''Guardians of the Galaxy'' and its sequel, directed footage for the attraction and consulted on all aspects of it.
Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout! sees visitors assisting Rocket to rescue the other Guardians from the Collector's fortress, while the attraction features randomized events during the experience and music inspired by the ''Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), Awesome Mix Vol. 1'' soundtrack. The attraction opened on May 27, 2017.
In March 2018, the Walt Disney Company announced a new Marvel-themed area inspired by the MCU at Disney California Adventure, anchored by Mission: Breakout!, that sees characters from the MCU such as Iron Man and Spider-Man join the Guardians of the Galaxy in a "completely immersive superhero universe." The area replaced the "A Bug's Land" area, which closed in mid-2018 to start construction on the Marvel area.
Tom Holland reprises his role as Peter Parker (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Peter Parker / Spider-Man in the attraction Web Slingers: A Spider-Man Adventure, in which Parker has set up W.E.B. (the Worldwide Engineers Brigade) to inspire a new generation to use technology to save the world. Riders are recruited by Spider-Man into the initiative to stop his malfunctioning Spider-Bots.
Web Slingers was directed by ''Spider-Man'' director Jon Watts along with Brett Strong, and was written by Steven Spiegel and featured visual effects by Framestore.
Walt Disney Studios Park
In March 2018, the Walt Disney Company announced a new Marvel-themed area inspired by the MCU to Disneyland Paris' Walt Disney Studios Park. The area includes a reimagined attraction where riders team up with Iron Man and other Avengers on a "hyper-kinetic adventure" on July 20, 2022.
The park also hosted the "Summer of Super Heroes" live-action stage show from June–September 2018.
''Disney Wish''
In July 2021, the immersive family dining experience "Avengers: Quantum Encounter" at the Worlds of Marvel restaurant on the ''Disney Wish'' cruise line was announced, which debuted when the cruise began voyages on July 14, 2022.
The experience takes place during dinner with interactive elements and a full CGI recreation of the ''Wish''s upper decks.
Paul Rudd, Evangeline Lilly, Anthony Mackie, Brie Larson, Kerry Condon, and
Iman Vellani
Iman Vellani (; born August 12, 2002) is a Pakistani-born Canadian actress. She is known for the Disney+ miniseries ''Ms. Marvel'' (2022) as the protagonist Kamala Khan, a role she will reprise in the film ''The Marvels'' (2023).
Early life
Bor ...
reprised their MCU roles,
while Ross Marquand voiced Ultron (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Ultron after previously doing so in ''
What If...?'', in which he replaced James Spader.
Chris Waitt directed Rudd and Lilly's content, which was written by Steven Spiegel and featured visual effects by Framestore.
Other live attractions
''Avengers S.T.A.T.I.O.N.''
In May 2014, the ''Avengers S.T.A.T.I.O.N.'' (Scientific Training and Tactical Intelligence Operative Network) exhibit opened at the Discovery Times Square center. The exhibit features replica set pieces, as well as actual props from the films, mixed with interactive technology and information, crafted through a partnership with NASA and other scientists. Titus Welliver also provides a "debrief" to visitors, reprising his role as S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Felix Blake. Created by Victory Hill Exhibits, ''Avengers S.T.A.T.I.O.N.'' cost $7.5 million to create,
and ran through early September 2015.
The exhibit also opened in South Korea at the War Memorial of Korea in April 2015,
in Paris, France, at Esplanade de La Défense (Paris Métro), Esplanade de La Défense a year later, and in Las Vegas at the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino in June 2016.
The Las Vegas version of the exhibit featured updated character details and corresponding science to incorporate the Marvel films that have released since the original exhibit in New York. Additionally, the Las Vegas version features Cobie Smulders reprising her role as Maria Hill to "debrief" visitors, replacing Welliver.
GOMA exhibit
An art exhibit, titled ''Marvel: Creating the Cinematic Universe'', was displayed exclusively at the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art (GOMA) from May to September 2017. The exhibit, which included "300 plus objects, films, costumes, drawings and other ephemera", featured content "from the collection of Marvel Studios and Marvel Entertainment and private collections" with "significant focus [given] to the creative artists who translate the drawn narrative to the screen through production design and storyboarding, costume and prop design, and special effects and post-production". ''Marvel: Creating the Cinematic Universe'' was also extended to GOMA's Australian Cinémathèque with a retrospective of the MCU films.
''Avengers: Damage Control''
In October 2019, Marvel Studios and ILMxLAB announced the virtual reality experience ''Avengers: Damage Control''. The experience would be available for a limited time starting in mid-October 2019 at select The Void (virtual reality), Void VR locations. ''Avengers: Damage Control'' sees players taking control of one of Shuri's Emergency Response Suits–which combine Wakandan and Stark Industries technologies–to defeat a threat alongside Doctor Strange, Ant-Man, and the Wasp. Letitia Wright, Benedict Cumberbatch, Paul Rudd, and Evangeline Lilly all reprise their MCU roles,
while Ross Marquand voices Ultron, replacing James Spader.
The experience was extended to the end of 2019.
Live-action specials
''Marvel Studios: Assembling a Universe'' (2014)
On March 18, 2014, ABC aired a one-hour television special titled ''Marvel Studios: Assembling a Universe'', which documented the history of Marvel Studios and the development of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and included exclusive interviews and behind-the-scenes footage from all of the films, One-Shots, and ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'', and sneak peeks of ''Avengers: Age of Ultron'', ''Captain America: The Winter Soldier'', ''Guardians of the Galaxy'', unaired episodes of ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'',
and ''Ant-Man''.
Brian Lowry of ''Variety'' felt the special, "contains a pretty interesting business and creative story. While it might all make sense in hindsight, there was appreciable audacity in Marvel's plan to release five loosely connected movies from the same hero-filled world, beginning with the cinematically unproven ''Iron Man'' and culminating with superhero team ''The Avengers''. As such, this fast-moving hour qualifies as more than just a cut-and-paste job from electronic press kits, although there's an element of that, certainly."
The special was released on September 9, 2014, on the home media for ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' season 1.
''Marvel 75 Years: From Pulp to Pop!'' (2014)
In September 2014, ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' executive producer Jeffrey Bell stated that in order to meet production demands and avoid having to air repeat episodes, ABC would likely air a Marvel special in place of a regular installment at some point during the first ten episodes of ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.''s second season.
In October, the special was revealed to be ''Marvel 75 Years: From Pulp to Pop!'', which was hosted by Emily VanCamp, who portrays Sharon Carter (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Agent 13 in ''Captain America: The Winter Soldier'', and aired on November 4, 2014.
The special features behind the scenes footage from ''Avengers: Age of Ultron'' and ''Ant-Man'', as well as footage from the ''Agent Carter'' television series previously screened at New York Comic-Con.
Brian Lowry of ''Variety'' felt an hour for the special did not "do the topic justice" adding, "For anyone who has seen more than one Marvel movie but would shrug perplexedly at the mention of Jack Kirby or Steve Ditko, ''Marvel 75 Years: From Pulp To Pop!'' should probably be required viewing. Fun, fast-paced and encompassing many of the company's highlights along with a few lowlights, it's a solid primer on Marvel's history, while weaving in inevitable self-promotion and synergistic plugs."
Eric Goldman of IGN also wished the special had been longer, adding, "Understandably, the more you already know about Marvel, the less you'll be surprised by ''Marvel 75 Years: From Pulp to Pop!'', but it's important to remember who this special is really made for – a mainstream audience who have embraced the Marvel characters, via the hugely successful movies, in a way no one could have imagined."
''Marvel Studios: Expanding the Universe'' (2019)
In November 2019, Disney+ announced that the streaming platform would include ''Expanding the Universe'', a special that features a look at the original MCU TV series for Disney+, with interviews and concept art.
Bilibili New Year's Gala (2020)
A Marvel-themed orchestra performance of an extended version of Brian Tyler's Marvel Studios theme and Alan Silvestri's theme from ''The Avengers'' took place during China's Bilibili New Year's Gala on December 31, 2020, to promote the 2021 Marvel Studios film releases.
''Marvel Studios' 2021 Disney+ Day Special'' (2021)
A special titled ''Marvel Studios' 2021 Disney+ Day Special'', which looked at the future of the MCU on Disney+, was released on the service on November 12, 2021, as part of its "Disney+ Day" celebration.
Documentary series
''Marvel Studios: Legends'' (2021)
Announced in December 2020, this series examines individual heroes, villains, moments, and objects from the Marvel Cinematic Universe and how they connect, in anticipation of the upcoming stories that will feature them in Phase Four.
''Marvel Studios: Legends'' premiered on Disney+ on January 8, 2021, with the release of the first two episodes.
Additional episodes were released ahead of a character and objects' appearances in Disney+ series and films.
''Marvel Studios: Assembled'' (2021)
Announced in February 2021, each special of the documentary series goes behind the scenes of the making of the MCU films and television series with cast members and additional creatives. ''Marvel Studios: Assembled'' premiered on Disney+ on March 12, 2021, with the release of the first special, followed by additional specials.
Super Women of the MCU
In June 2021, Marvel Studios released a casting call for fans of "Marvel's strong women" to be a part of an upcoming Disney+ documentary series showcasing the women who create the MCU in front of and behind the camera.
Guide books
In September 2015, Marvel announced the ''Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe'', named as a nod to the ''Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe''. Each guidebook is compiled by Mike O'Sullivan and the ''Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe'' team, with cover art from Mike del Mundo and Pascal Campion, and features facts about the MCU films, film-to-comic comparisons, and production stills. ''Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Iron Man'', ''Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Incredible Hulk / Marvel's Iron Man 2'',
''Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Thor'',
and ''Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Captain America: The First Avenger''
released each month from October 2015 to January 2016, respectively.
In November 2018, Marvel and Titan Publishing Group released ''Marvel Studios: The First Ten Years'' to celebrate the first ten years of the Marvel Cinematic Universe which featured cast interviews, in-depth sections on each film, and an Easter egg guide.
In October 2021, a two-volume book ''The Story of Marvel Studios: The Making of the Marvel Cinematic Universe'' was released, written by Tara Bennett and Paul Terry. This collection features a look at the evolution of Marvel Studios, personal stories from the 23-film "Infinity Saga", and interviews with cast and crew members.
Video game tie-ins
''A Mini Marvel''
In February 2016, a commercial for Coca-Cola mini cans aired during Super Bowl 50. ''A Mini Marvel'' was created by Wieden+Kennedy for Coca-Cola through a partnership with Marvel, and was directed by the Russo brothers.
In the ad, Scott Lang (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Ant-Man (voiced by Paul Rudd, reprising his role) and the Hulk first fight, and then bond, over a Coke mini can.
Luma Pictures provided visual effects for the spot, having worked previously with the two characters in MCU films. For the Hulk, Luma redefined its previous muscular system and simulation process to create and render the character, while Ant-Man received new motion capture.
The Super Bowl campaign extended to "limited-edition Coke mini cans [six packs] that are emblazoned with images of Marvel characters, including Hulk, Ant-Man, Black Widow, [Falcon, Iron Man] and Captain America." Consumers had the opportunity to purchase the cans by finding hidden clues in the commercial, though "if the program goes well, Coke will consider making the cans available in stores."
The ad had the third most social media activity of all the film-related trailers that aired during the game,
and was nominated for Outstanding Visual Effects in a Commercial at the Visual Effects Society Awards 2016, 15th Visual Effects Society Awards.
''The Good, the Bart, and the Loki''
In June 2021, ''The Simpsons'' short film ''The Good, the Bart, and the Loki'' was announced, which released alongside "Journey into Mystery (Loki), Journey into Mystery", the fifth episode of ''Loki'' on Disney+. The short sees Loki teaming up with Bart Simpson in a crossover that pays homage to the heroes and villains of the MCU. Hiddleston reprises his role as Loki in the short.
See also
* Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Notes
References
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[{{Cite web , last=Foutch , first=Haleigh , date=November 29, 2018 , title=Marvel's Netflix Heroes Were Considered for 'Infinity War', Confirm Russo Brothers , url=https://collider.com/avengers-infinity-war-netflix-marvel-characters , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109110856/http://collider.com/avengers-infinity-war-netflix-marvel-characters , archive-date=January 9, 2019 , access-date=January 12, 2019 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Szalai , first=Georg , date=March 19, 2019 , title=Disney Closes $71.3 Billion Fox Deal, Creating Global Content Powerhouse , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disney-closes-fox-deal-creating-global-content-powerhouse-1174498 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321011513/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disney-closes-fox-deal-creating-global-content-powerhouse-1174498 , archive-date=March 21, 2019 , access-date=March 21, 2019 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last1=Couch , first1=Aaron , last2=Kit , first2=Borys , date=July 20, 2019 , title=Marvel Unveils Post-'Endgame' Slate with 'Eternals', 'Shang-Chi' and Multiple Sequels , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/marvel-unveils-post-avengers-endgame-plans-at-comic-con-1225869 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721025858/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/marvel-unveils-post-avengers-endgame-plans-at-comic-con-1225869 , archive-date=July 21, 2019 , access-date=July 20, 2019 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Fleming , first=Mike Jr. , date=October 15, 2019 , title=Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige Adds Marvel Chief Creative Officer Title; He'll Oversee All Creative & Story Initiatives , url=https://deadline.com/2019/10/kevin-feige-marvel-studios-president-adds-chief-creative-officer-marvel-title-oversees-all-creative-1202760382/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016142804/https://deadline.com/2019/10/kevin-feige-marvel-studios-president-adds-chief-creative-officer-marvel-title-oversees-all-creative-1202760382/ , archive-date=October 16, 2019 , access-date=October 15, 2019 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last1=Peters , first1=Jay , last2=Gartenberg , first2=Chaim , last3=Alexander , first3=Julia , date=December 10, 2020 , title=Here are all the new Marvel, Star Wars, and other projects Disney announced at its investor day , url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/12/10/22167976/disney-investor-day-2020-biggest-announcements-plus-marvel-star-wars-pixar-animation , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211081613/https://www.theverge.com/2020/12/10/22167976/disney-investor-day-2020-biggest-announcements-plus-marvel-star-wars-pixar-animation , archive-date=December 11, 2020 , access-date=December 11, 2020 , website=The Verge]
[{{Cite web , last=White , first=Brett , date=March 19, 2021 , title='Falcon and Winter Soldier' Easter Eggs: 5 Things You May Have Missed in Episode 1 , url=https://decider.com/2021/03/19/falcon-and-winter-soldier-episode-1-easter-eggs-new-world-order/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319222446/https://decider.com/2021/03/19/falcon-and-winter-soldier-episode-1-easter-eggs-new-world-order/ , archive-date=March 19, 2021 , access-date=March 19, 2021 , website=Decider (website), Decider]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Romano , first=Nick , date=April 2, 2021 , title=The Falcon and the Winter Soldier shows how Marvel is weaving X-Men elements into the MCU , url=https://ew.com/tv/the-falcon-and-the-winter-soldier-episode-3-madripoor-x-men/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210404205142/https://ew.com/tv/the-falcon-and-the-winter-soldier-episode-3-madripoor-x-men/ , archive-date=April 4, 2021 , access-date=April 4, 2021 , magazine=Entertainment Weekly]
[{{Cite web , last=Shanfeld , first=Ethan , date=July 20, 2021 , title=Marvel's Victoria Alonso Teases 'Mini Studio' for Animation and Discusses Representation in Superhero Stories at NALIP Summit , url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/marvel-victoria-alonso-new-series-representation-1235023739/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195617/https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/marvel-victoria-alonso-new-series-representation-1235023739/ , archive-date=July 20, 2021 , access-date=July 20, 2021 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last1=Gardner , first1=Chris , last2=Giardina , first2=Carolyn , last3=McClintock , first3=Pamela , date=April 27, 2022 , title=Disney Debuts First Look at David O. Russell's Star-Packed Film, 'Lightyear' and 'Doctor Strange' at CinemaCon , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/disney-debuts-first-look-david-o-russell-movie-lightyear-doctor-strange-cinemacon-1235131216/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428212554/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/disney-debuts-first-look-david-o-russell-movie-lightyear-doctor-strange-cinemacon-1235131216/ , archive-date=April 28, 2022 , access-date=April 28, 2022 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Garbutt , first=Emily , date=May 5, 2022 , title=The Illuminati members in Doctor Strange 2, listed and explained , url=https://www.gamesradar.com/illuminati-doctor-strange-2-list/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505133231/https://www.gamesradar.com/illuminati-doctor-strange-2-list/ , archive-date=May 5, 2022 , access-date=May 5, 2022 , website=Total Film , publisher=GamesRadar+]
[{{Cite web , last=Kleinman , first=Jake , date=July 13, 2022 , title=Ms. Marvel Ending Explained: Is Kamala Khan a [Spoilers]? , url=https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/ms-marvel-ending-explained-kamala-khan-mutant-x-men , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713170914/https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/ms-marvel-ending-explained-kamala-khan-mutant-x-men , archive-date=July 13, 2022 , access-date=July 13, 2022 , website=Inverse (website), Inverse]
[{{Cite web , last=Brail , first=Nathaniel , date=July 14, 2022 , title=Ms. Marvel Star Breaks Silence Since Mutant Reveal , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/ms-marvel-star-breaks-silence-since-mutant-reveal/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715023304/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/ms-marvel-star-breaks-silence-since-mutant-reveal/ , archive-date=July 15, 2022 , access-date=July 15, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Littleton , first=Cynthia , date=November 9, 2017 , title=New 'Star Wars' Trilogy in Works With Rian Johnson, TV Series Also Coming to Disney Streaming Service , url=https://variety.com/2017/biz/news/star-wars-tv-series-disney-streaming-service-1202611408/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110224752/http://variety.com/2017/biz/news/star-wars-tv-series-disney-streaming-service-1202611408/ , archive-date=November 10, 2017 , access-date=November 10, 2017 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Sciretta , first=Peter , date=July 6, 2018 , title=Kevin Feige Explains How They Planned 'Ant-Man and The Wasp' Alongside 'Infinity War,' the Disney Streaming Service and More [Interview] , url=https://www.slashfilm.com/kevin-feige-interview-ant-man-and-the-wasp/2/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719024722/https://www.slashfilm.com/kevin-feige-interview-ant-man-and-the-wasp/2/ , archive-date=July 19, 2018 , access-date=July 18, 2018 , website=/Film]
[{{Cite web , last=Kroll , first=Justin , date=September 18, 2018 , title=Loki, Scarlet Witch, Other Marvel Heroes to Get Own TV Series on Disney Streaming Service (EXCLUSIVE) , url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/loki-scarlet-witch-tv-series-marvel-disney-streaming-service-1202947551/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920012300/https://variety.com/2018/film/news/loki-scarlet-witch-tv-series-marvel-disney-streaming-service-1202947551/ , archive-date=September 20, 2018 , access-date=September 18, 2018 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Ford , first=Rebecca , date=November 2, 2018 , title='I'm Not Going to Get You a Bear Playing a Tambourine': The Producer Roundtable , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/2018-hollywood-reporter-producer-roundtable-1156131 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105061836/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/2018-hollywood-reporter-producer-roundtable-1156131 , archive-date=November 5, 2018 , access-date=November 4, 2018 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Coggan , first=Devan , date=November 10, 2020 , title=Honey, I'm Chrome: Marvel prepares to take over TV with WandaVision , url=https://ew.com/tv/wandavision-marvel-cover-story/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110144657/https://ew.com/tv/wandavision-marvel-cover-story/ , archive-date=November 10, 2020 , access-date=November 10, 2020 , magazine=Entertainment Weekly]
[{{Cite web , last=Vary , first=Adam B. , date=July 23, 2022 , title=Marvel Studios' Phases 5 and 6: Everything We Learned at Comic-Con About the Multiverse Saga , url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/marvel-studios-phase-5-phase-6-multiverse-saga-comic-con-1235323893/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724165117/https://variety.com/2022/film/news/marvel-studios-phase-5-phase-6-multiverse-saga-comic-con-1235323893/ , archive-date=July 24, 2022 , access-date=July 24, 2022 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Lovett , first=Jamie , date=July 24, 2022 , title=Comic-Con 2022: Marvel's Kevin Feige Reveals Biggest Lessons Learned from Phase Four (Exclusive) , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-kevin-feige-biggest-lessons-mcu-phase-four-comic-con-2022/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724233452/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-kevin-feige-biggest-lessons-mcu-phase-four-comic-con-2022/ , archive-date=July 25, 2022 , access-date=July 24, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=George , first=Joe , date=September 10, 2022 , title=Marvel's Werewolf by Night Trailer: Man-Thing, Elsa Bloodstone, and More Hidden MCU Details , url=https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/marvel-werewolf-by-night-trailer-man-thing-elsa-bloodstone-hidden-mcu-details/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912001754/https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/marvel-werewolf-by-night-trailer-man-thing-elsa-bloodstone-hidden-mcu-details/ , archive-date=September 12, 2022 , access-date=September 12, 2022 , website=Den of Geek]
[{{Cite web , last=Lovett , first=Jamie , date=September 14, 2022 , title=James Gunn Confirms Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special Is a Marvel Studios Special Presentation , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/guardians-of-the-galaxy-holiday-special-james-gunn-marvel-special-presentation/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914154432/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/guardians-of-the-galaxy-holiday-special-james-gunn-marvel-special-presentation/ , archive-date=September 14, 2022 , access-date=September 14, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
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[{{Cite web , last=Andreeva , first=Natalie , date=June 28, 2010 , title=Marvel Entertainment Launches TV Division , url=https://deadline.com/2010/06/marvel-entertainment-launches-tv-division-50150/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109054138/http://deadline.com/2010/06/marvel-entertainment-launches-tv-division-50150/ , archive-date=January 9, 2016 , access-date=January 9, 2016 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Andreeva , first=Nellie , date=July 27, 2012 , title=ABC And Marvel Eying 'Avengers'-Themed TV Series , url=https://www.deadline.com/2012/07/abc-marvel-avengers-themed-tv-series/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120906003916/http://www.deadline.com/2012/07/abc-marvel-avengers-themed-tv-series/ , archive-date=September 6, 2012 , access-date=July 29, 2012 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldberg , first=Lesley , date=January 17, 2014 , title=Marvel's 'Agent Carter': Hayley Atwell, Writers, Showrunners Confirmed for ABC Drama , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvels-agent-carter-hayley-atwell-671839 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328061358/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvels-agent-carter-hayley-atwell-671839 , archive-date=March 28, 2014 , access-date=January 18, 2014 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Lieberman , first=David , date=November 7, 2013 , title=Disney To Provide Netflix With Four Series Based on Marvel Characters , url=https://www.deadline.com/2013/11/disney-netflix-marvel-series/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414000453/http://www.deadline.com/2013/11/disney-netflix-marvel-series/ , archive-date=April 14, 2014 , access-date=November 7, 2013 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Wagmeister , first=Elizabeth , date=April 7, 2016 , title=Freeform Greenlights Marvel Romance Superhero Series 'Cloak and Dagger' (EXCLUSIVE) , url=https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/marvel-cloak-and-dagger-freeform-series-1201747907/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407213750/http://variety.com/2016/tv/news/marvel-cloak-and-dagger-freeform-series-1201747907/ , archive-date=April 7, 2016 , access-date=April 7, 2016 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , date=November 14, 2016 , title='Marvel's The Inhumans' Coming To IMAX & ABC in 2017 , url=http://marvel.com/news/tv/26993/marvels_the_inhumans_coming_to_imax_abc_in_2017 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607010056/http://marvel.com/news/tv/26993/marvels_the_inhumans_coming_to_imax_abc_in_2017 , archive-date=June 7, 2017 , access-date=November 14, 2016 , website=Marvel.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldberg , first=Lesley , date=November 14, 2016 , title=Marvel, ABC Set 'The Inhumans' TV Series , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvel-abc-set-inhumans-tv-series-947296 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115135720/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvel-abc-set-inhumans-tv-series-947296 , archive-date=November 15, 2016 , access-date=November 14, 2016 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Andreeva , first=Nellie , date=February 28, 2017 , title='Marvel's Inhumans': 'Hell on Wheels' Anson Mount To Star As Black Bolt in ABC Series , url=https://deadline.com/2017/02/marvels-inhumans-anson-mount-black-bolt-casting-abc-1202027526/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228204116/http://deadline.com/2017/02/marvels-inhumans-anson-mount-black-bolt-casting-abc-1202027526/ , archive-date=February 28, 2017 , access-date=February 28, 2017 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldberg , first=Lesley , date=May 3, 2017 , title=Marvel's 'Runaways,' From 'The O.C.' Creators, Ordered to Series at Hulu , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvels-runaways-oc-creators-ordered-series-at-hulu-999805 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503172119/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvels-runaways-oc-creators-ordered-series-at-hulu-999805 , archive-date=May 3, 2017 , access-date=May 3, 2017 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Patten , first=Dominic , date=February 18, 2019 , title='The Punisher' & 'Jessica Jones' Canceled By Netflix; Latter's 3rd Season Still To Air , url=https://deadline.com/2019/02/the-punisher-jessica-jones-canceled-netflix-marvel-krysten-ritter-jon-bernthal-1202535835/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219020100/https://deadline.com/2019/02/the-punisher-jessica-jones-canceled-netflix-marvel-krysten-ritter-jon-bernthal-1202535835/ , archive-date=February 19, 2019 , access-date=February 18, 2019 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=D'Alessandro , first=Anthony , date=January 10, 2021 , title=Marvel Boss Kevin Feige On 'Black Panther 2' Post Boseman, 'Black Widow' Release & Why Streaming Plans Won't Burn MCU At The B.O. , url=https://deadline.com/2021/01/marvel-kevin-feige-interview-wandavision-black-panther-2-chadwick-boseman-black-widow-disney-1234670774/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111021809/https://deadline.com/2021/01/marvel-kevin-feige-interview-wandavision-black-panther-2-chadwick-boseman-black-widow-disney-1234670774/ , archive-date=January 11, 2021 , access-date=January 13, 2021 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Hibberd , first=James , date=April 29, 2016 , title=Marvel's The Punisher spin-off ordered by Netflix , url=https://www.ew.com/article/2016/04/29/punisher-marvel-netflix , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502095757/http://www.ew.com/article/2016/04/29/punisher-marvel-netflix?xid=entertainment-weekly_socialflow_twitter , archive-date=May 2, 2016 , access-date=April 29, 2016 , magazine=Entertainment Weekly]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldberg , first=Leslie , date=May 1, 2019 , title='Ghost Rider,' 'Helstrom' Marvel Live-Action Dramas a Go at Hulu , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/ghost-rider-helstrom-marvel-live-action-dramas-a-go-at-hulu-1206336 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503064432/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/ghost-rider-helstrom-marvel-live-action-dramas-a-go-at-hulu-1206336 , archive-date=May 3, 2019 , access-date=May 1, 2019 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldberg , first=Lesley , date=December 8, 2019 , title=Marvel TV Division Folded Into Studio Unit, Layoffs Expected , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvel-tv-division-folded-studio-unit-layoffs-expected-1261586 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211034642/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/marvel-tv-division-folded-studio-unit-layoffs-expected-1261586 , archive-date=December 11, 2019 , access-date=December 11, 2019 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Otterson , first=Joe , date=May 19, 2022 , title='Daredevil' Disney+ Series in the Works With Matt Corman, Chris Ord Set to Write (Exclusive) , url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/daredevil-disney-plus-series-matt-corman-chris-ord-1235272299/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519200841/https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/daredevil-disney-plus-series-matt-corman-chris-ord-1235272299/ , archive-date=May 19, 2022 , access-date=May 19, 2022 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=McIntyre , first=Gina , date=January 10, 2014 , title='Captain America': Chris Evans fights evil, and the present, in 'Winter Soldier' , url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/captain-america-chris-evans-back-in-action-for-winter-soldier/#/7 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110222355/http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/captain-america-chris-evans-back-in-action-for-winter-soldier/ , archive-date=January 10, 2014 , access-date=January 10, 2014 , website=Los Angeles Times]
[{{Cite news , last=Kit , first=Borys , date=February 25, 2009 , title=Jackson's Fury in flurry of Marvel films , work=The Hollywood Reporter , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jacksons-fury-flurry-marvel-films-79882 , url-status=live , access-date=January 13, 2014 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124111926/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jacksons-fury-flurry-marvel-films-79882 , archive-date=January 24, 2014]
[{{Cite web , last=Perry , first=Spencer , date=July 26, 2014 , title=Comic-Con Interview: Kevin Feige Talks The Future of the Marvel Cinematic Universe , url=http://www.superherohype.com/news/310635-comic-con-interview-kevin-feige-talks-the-future-of-the-marvel-cinematic-universe , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140730081535/http://www.superherohype.com/news/310635-comic-con-interview-kevin-feige-talks-the-future-of-the-marvel-cinematic-universe , archive-date=July 30, 2014 , access-date=July 27, 2014 , website=Superhero Hype]
[{{Cite web , last=Fischer , first=Russ , date=August 8, 2012 , title=Marvel Has Joss Whedon on Contract Through 2015 , url=https://www.slashfilm.com/marvel-statement-joss-whedons-exclusive-contract-2015/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027030419/http://www.slashfilm.com/marvel-statement-joss-whedons-exclusive-contract-2015/ , archive-date=October 27, 2014 , access-date=August 7, 2014 , website=/Film]
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''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
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Alt URL
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''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
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[{{Cite tweet , user=disneyplus , number=1484526194653466624 , title=Go for the Gold(blum) 🌟 New episodes of #TheWorldAccordingToJeffGoldblum, a new chapter of #TheBookofBobaFett, and Marvel Studios’ One-Shot shorts are now streaming on #DisneyPlus! , author=]Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
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''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
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[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=October 9, 2020 , title=New MCU Timeline Corrects Black Panther & Thor 2 Issues , url=https://screenrant.com/mcu-timeline-order-fix-black-panther-thor-gotg/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011163233/https://screenrant.com/mcu-timeline-order-fix-black-panther-thor-gotg/ , archive-date=October 11, 2020 , access-date=October 11, 2020 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Barfield , first=Charles , date=December 9, 2019 , title=Kevin Feige Says Disney+ Shows Will Be "The First Time" TV Series Have Interlinked With MCU (Sorry, 'SHIELD') , url=https://theplaylist.net/kevin-feige-disney-plus-mcu-20191209/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211042448/https://theplaylist.net/kevin-feige-disney-plus-mcu-20191209/ , archive-date=December 11, 2019 , access-date=December 15, 2019 , website=The Playlist]
[{{Cite web , last=Sciretta , first=Peter , date=March 12, 2019 , title=Exclusive: Marvel Studios Producing 'What If' TV Series For Disney+ , url=https://www.slashfilm.com/what-if-tv-series-coming-to-disney-plus/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330054405/https://www.slashfilm.com/what-if-tv-series-coming-to-disney-plus/ , archive-date=March 30, 2019 , access-date=April 13, 2019 , website=/Film]
[{{Cite web , last=Mancuso , first=Vinnie , date=January 29, 2021 , title=Here's Exactly When 'WandaVision' Takes Place in the MCU Timeline , url=https://collider.com/when-is-wandavision-set-marvel-cinematic-universe-timeline/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130043238/https://collider.com/when-is-wandavision-set-marvel-cinematic-universe-timeline/ , archive-date=January 30, 2021 , access-date=January 29, 2021 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Miller , first=Liz Shannon , date=March 16, 2021 , title=Here's When 'The Falcon and the Winter Soldier' Takes Place in the MCU Timeline — and Why , url=https://collider.com/when-is-falcon-and-the-winter-soldier-timeline-marvel-cinematic-universe/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316165917/https://collider.com/when-is-falcon-and-the-winter-soldier-timeline-marvel-cinematic-universe/ , archive-date=March 16, 2021 , access-date=March 17, 2021 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=April 27, 2019 , title=Every Previous Marvel Movie Visited In Avengers: Endgame , url=https://screenrant.com/avengers-endgame-marvel-movies-visited-time-travel/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109084006/https://screenrant.com/avengers-endgame-marvel-movies-visited-time-travel/ , archive-date=January 9, 2021 , access-date=February 15, 2021 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=May 14, 2019 , title=Avengers: Endgame Fixes Doctor Strange's MCU Timeline Problem , url=https://screenrant.com/avengers-endgame-marvel-timeline-doctor-strange-ancient-one/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108030720/https://screenrant.com/avengers-endgame-marvel-timeline-doctor-strange-ancient-one/ , archive-date=November 8, 2020 , access-date=February 15, 2021 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Hunt , first=James , date=June 8, 2021 , title=Where Loki Fits Into The MCU Timeline , url=https://screenrant.com/loki-mcu-timeline-set-place-when-after-endgame/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610012012/https://screenrant.com/loki-mcu-timeline-set-place-when-after-endgame/ , archive-date=June 10, 2021 , access-date=June 9, 2021 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Barnhardt , first=Adam , date=July 17, 2021 , title=Disney+ Reveals New MCU Timeline , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/new-mcu-timeline-revealed/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719101417/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/new-mcu-timeline-revealed/ , archive-date=July 19, 2021 , access-date=July 27, 2021 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=D'Alessandro , first=Anthony , date=August 1, 2021 , title='What If...?' Actor Jeffrey Wright On Chadwick Boseman's Final "Mythic" Turn As T'Challa In MCU , url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/chadwick-boseman-what-if-jeffrey-wright-creators-disney-series-1234807268/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801202517/https://deadline.com/2021/08/chadwick-boseman-what-if-jeffrey-wright-creators-disney-series-1234807268/ , archive-date=August 1, 2021 , access-date=August 1, 2021 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Ramachandran , first=Naman , author-link=Naman Ramachandran , date=July 14, 2021 , title='Loki' Will Return for Season 2 at Disney Plus, Marvel Reveals in Season 1 Finale , url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/global/loki-season-2-marvel-1235019442/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714151412/https://variety.com/2021/tv/global/loki-season-2-marvel-1235019442/ , archive-date=July 14, 2021 , access-date=July 14, 2021 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Ridgely , first=Charlie , date=August 13, 2021 , title=Disney+ Has Updated Its Official MCU Timeline Order , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/disney-plus-marvel-mcu-timeline-update-what-if/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814032154/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/disney-plus-marvel-mcu-timeline-update-what-if/ , archive-date=August 14, 2021 , access-date=August 14, 2021 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Davis , first=Erik , date=August 16, 2021 , title='Shang Chi' Director Destin Daniel Cretton Reveals New Details About Marvel's Next Big Historic Action Movie , url=https://www.fandango.com/movie-news/shang-chi-director-destin-daniel-cretton-reveals-new-details-about-marvels-next-big-historic-action-movie-754385 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816154620/https://www.fandango.com/movie-news/shang-chi-director-destin-daniel-cretton-reveals-new-details-about-marvels-next-big-historic-action-movie-754385 , archive-date=August 16, 2021 , access-date=August 16, 2021 , website=Fandango Media]
[{{Cite web , last=Oddo , first=Marco Vito , date=December 17, 2021 , title='Spider-Man: No Way Home' Timeline Explained: When Does the Movie Take Place in the MCU? , url=https://collider.com/spider-man-no-way-home-timeline-explained-when-is-it-set-mcu/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211219173047/https://collider.com/spider-man-no-way-home-timeline-explained-when-is-it-set-mcu/ , archive-date=December 19, 2021 , access-date=December 19, 2021 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Kim , first=Brendan , date=November 10, 2021 , title=Eternals Is At Same Time As Falcon & Winter Soldier In MCU Timeline , url=https://screenrant.com/eternals-falcon-winter-soldier-timeline-when-details/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110160440/https://screenrant.com/eternals-falcon-winter-soldier-timeline-when-details/ , archive-date=November 10, 2021 , access-date=November 10, 2021 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite tweet , number=1463552241302835203 , user=RhysThom2 , title=It's 2024. For a period of time, we were going to set it two years out – which would make it 2025 – hence me messing with your minds about the timeline. But it's 1 year out. , author-link=Rhys Thomas (director) , date=November 24, 2021 , access-date=November 26, 2021 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125093437/https://twitter.com/rhysthom2/status/1463552241302835203 , archive-date=November 25, 2021 , url-status=live , last=Thomas , first=Rhys]
[{{Cite web , last=Marnell , first=Blair , date=August 31, 2021 , title=Hawkeye Producer Teases the Show's "Christmas Spirit" , url=https://www.superherohype.com/tv/503875-hawkeye-producer-teases-the-shows-christmas-spirit , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831133002/https://www.superherohype.com/tv/503875-hawkeye-producer-teases-the-shows-christmas-spirit , archive-date=August 31, 2021 , access-date=August 31, 2021 , website=SuperHeroHype]
[{{Cite web , title=Marvel Movies and Shows {{! Disney+ – Marvel Cinematic Universe Timeline Order , url=https://www.disneyplus.com/brand/marvel , access-date=December 5, 2022 , publisher=]Disney+
Disney+ is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by the Media and Entertainment Distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. The service primarily distributes films and television se ...
[{{Cite web , last=Brail , first=Nathaniel , date=March 31, 2022 , title=Disney+ Reveals Moon Knight Takes Place After The Events of Hawkeye , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/disney-reveals-moon-knight-takes-place-after-the-events-of-hawkeye/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331235645/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/disney-reveals-moon-knight-takes-place-after-the-events-of-hawkeye/ , archive-date=March 31, 2022 , access-date=March 31, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Albren , first=Matt , date=March 31, 2022 , title=Moon Knight's Place In MCU Timeline Confirmed By Disney+ , url=https://screenrant.com/moon-knight-mcu-timeline-when-confirmed/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331170324/https://screenrant.com/moon-knight-mcu-timeline-when-confirmed/ , archive-date=March 31, 2022 , access-date=March 31, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Davis , first=Erik , date=April 6, 2022 , title='Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness' Director Sam Raimi Reveals New Details About His First MCU Film , url=https://www.fandango.com/movie-news/doctor-strange-in-the-multiverse-of-madness-director-sam-raimi-reveals-new-details-about-his-first-mcu-film-754540 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407024113/https://www.fandango.com/movie-news/doctor-strange-in-the-multiverse-of-madness-director-sam-raimi-reveals-new-details-about-his-first-mcu-film-754540 , archive-date=April 7, 2022 , access-date=April 6, 2022 , website=Fandango Media]
[{{Cite web , last=Chapman , first=Wilson , date=April 18, 2022 , title='Thor: Love and Thunder' Teaser Reveals Natalie Portman as the New Thor , url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/thor-love-and-thunder-trailer-natalie-portman-chris-hemsworth-1235220405/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418172536/https://variety.com/2022/film/news/thor-love-and-thunder-trailer-natalie-portman-chris-hemsworth-1235220405/ , archive-date=April 18, 2022 , access-date=April 18, 2022 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last1=Gonzalez , first1=Umberto , last2=Lincoln , first2=Ross A. , date=May 23, 2022 , title='Thor: Love and Thunder' Trailer Tells the Heartwarming Love Story of 'Space Viking Thor' (Video) , url=https://www.thewrap.com/thor-love-and-thunder-trailer-tells-the-heartwarming-story-of-space-viking-thor-video/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524230952/https://www.thewrap.com/thor-love-and-thunder-trailer-tells-the-heartwarming-story-of-space-viking-thor-video/ , archive-date=May 24, 2022 , access-date=May 30, 2022 , website=]TheWrap
''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
[{{Cite web , last=Zogbi , first=Emily , date=June 10, 2022 , title=Disney+ Confirms Ms. Marvel's Place in the MCU's Official Timeline , url=https://www.cbr.com/ms-marvel-timeline-mcu-disney-plus/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610175057/https://www.cbr.com/ms-marvel-timeline-mcu-disney-plus/ , archive-date=June 10, 2022 , access-date=June 11, 2022 , website=Comic Book Resources]
[{{Cite web , last=Russell , first=Bradley , date=June 14, 2022 , title=Spider-Man movies are finally hitting Disney Plus – but No Way Home is still absent , url=https://www.gamesradar.com/spider-man-movies-disney-plus-streaming-release-date-uk/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614143233/https://www.gamesradar.com/spider-man-movies-disney-plus-streaming-release-date-uk/ , archive-date=June 14, 2022 , access-date=June 14, 2022 , website=Total Film, publisher=GamesRadar+]
[{{Cite web , last=Nuzzo , first=Stephanie , date=June 14, 2022 , title=Where to Watch Every Spider-Man Movie (Even the Bad Ones) In Australia , url=https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2022/06/how-to-watch-spider-man-movies-in-australia/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615093920/https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2022/06/how-to-watch-spider-man-movies-in-australia/ , archive-date=June 15, 2022 , access-date=June 16, 2022 , website=Lifehacker Australia]
[{{Cite web , last=Sanders , first=Savannah , date=June 17, 2022 , title=Disney+ Reveals New MCU Timeline Order with Spider-Man: Homecoming, Finally , url=https://thedirect.com/article/disney-spider-man-homecoming-mcu-timeline , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617231851/https://thedirect.com/article/disney-spider-man-homecoming-mcu-timeline , archive-date=June 17, 2022 , access-date=June 17, 2022 , website=The Direct]
[{{Cite web , last=Outlaw , first=Kofi , date=June 23, 2022 , title=Marvel Releases Official Updated MCU Timeline , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/mcu-timeline-new-official-doctor-strange-2-ms-marvel-phase-4/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623210058/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/mcu-timeline-new-official-doctor-strange-2-ms-marvel-phase-4/ , archive-date=June 23, 2022 , access-date=June 25, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=McDonough , first=Jennifer , date=July 4, 2022 , title=Disney+ Reveals New MCU Timeline Order With Spider-Man: Far From Home , url=https://thedirect.com/article/spider-man-far-from-home-mcu-timeline-disney , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704154519/https://thedirect.com/article/spider-man-far-from-home-mcu-timeline-disney , archive-date=July 4, 2022 , access-date=July 4, 2022 , website=The Direct]
[{{Cite web , last=Falconer , first=Daniel , date=August 10, 2022 , title=Is I Am Groot Canon and Where Does It Fit Into the MCU Timeline? Disney Plus Has the Answer... , url=https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/712432-i-am-groot-mcu-timeline-canon-disney-plus , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810164759/https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/712432-i-am-groot-mcu-timeline-canon-disney-plus , archive-date=August 10, 2022 , access-date=August 10, 2022 , website=GameRevolution]
[{{Cite web , last1=Couch , first1=Aaron , last2=Kit , first2=Borys , date=July 23, 2022 , title=Marvel's Kevin Feige Unveils Phase 5 and 6 Plans, New 'Avengers' Movies at Comic-Con , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/marvel-studios-comic-con-phase-5-1235185316/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725201123/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/marvel-studios-comic-con-phase-5-1235185316/ , archive-date=July 25, 2022 , access-date=July 29, 2022 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Nebens , first=Richard , date=August 2, 2022 , title=Disney+ Reveals New MCU Timeline Order With Incredible Hulk, Finally , url=https://thedirect.com/article/disney-mcu-timeline-order-incredible-hulk , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220802195938/https://thedirect.com/article/disney-mcu-timeline-order-incredible-hulk , archive-date=August 2, 2022 , access-date=August 2, 2022 , website=The Direct]
[{{Cite web , last=Mitovich , first=Matt Webb , date=August 15, 2022 , title=When in the MCU Timeline Is She-Hulk Set? Head Writer Sheds Some Light... , url=https://tvline.com/2022/08/15/when-she-hulk-set-the-mcu-timeline-after-shang-chi/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815141029/https://tvline.com/2022/08/15/when-she-hulk-set-the-mcu-timeline-after-shang-chi/ , archive-date=August 15, 2022 , access-date=August 15, 2022 , website=TVLine]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=August 18, 2022 , title=She-Hulk Episode 1 MCU Easter Eggs & References , url=https://screenrant.com/she-hulk-episode-1-mcu-easter-eggs-references/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818114414/https://screenrant.com/she-hulk-episode-1-mcu-easter-eggs-references/ , archive-date=August 18, 2022 , access-date=August 18, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=September 8, 2022 , title=Love & Thunder's MCU Timeline Placement Makes Zero Sense Now , url=https://screenrant.com/love-thunder-mcu-timeline-no-sense/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908172017/https://screenrant.com/love-thunder-mcu-timeline-no-sense/ , archive-date=September 8, 2022 , access-date=September 8, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Barnhardt , first=Adam , date=August 30, 2022 , title=Marvel Studios Now Has an Official Timeline Keeper , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-studios-timeline-keeper/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830160407/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-studios-timeline-keeper/ , archive-date=August 30, 2022 , access-date=August 30, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite tweet , number=1570124524372254720 , user=Massawyrm , title=Stars Feb 2nd 2016 and ends late fall 2016, near the release date of the film. , author-link=C. Robert Cargill , date=September 14, 2022 , access-date=September 18, 2022 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220918145831/https://twitter.com/Massawyrm/status/1570124524372254720 , archive-date=September 18, 2022 , last=Cargill , first=C. Robert]
[{{Cite web , last=Eisenberg , first=Eric , date=November 3, 2022 , title=Black Panther: Wakanda Forever Producer Clears Up Where The Sequel Fits Into The MCU Timeline , url=https://www.cinemablend.com/interviews/black-panther-wakanda-forever-producer-clears-up-where-the-sequel-fits-into-the-mcu-timeline/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103074505/https://www.cinemablend.com/interviews/black-panther-wakanda-forever-producer-clears-up-where-the-sequel-fits-into-the-mcu-timeline , archive-date=November 3, 2022 , access-date=November 6, 2022 , website=CinemaBlend]
[{{Cite web , last=Davis , first=Brandon , date=April 22, 2021 , title=Guardians Of The Galaxy Director Finishes Holiday Special Script , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/guardians-of-the-galaxy-holiday-special-script-james-gunn/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422180449/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/guardians-of-the-galaxy-holiday-special-script-james-gunn/ , archive-date=April 22, 2021 , access-date=April 22, 2021 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Ruscinski , first=Maxwell , date=December 3, 2022 , title=James Gunn Confirms How Long Thor Spent With the Guardians of the Galaxy , url=https://www.cbr.com/james-gunn-guardians-of-the-galaxy-thor-time/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205044502/https://www.cbr.com/james-gunn-guardians-of-the-galaxy-thor-time/ , archive-date=December 5, 2022 , access-date=December 4, 2022 , website=Comic Book Resources]
[{{Cite web , last=Boccella , first=Maggie , date=October 7, 2022 , title=When Does 'Werewolf By Night' Take Place in the MCU? Director Michael Giacchino Explains [Exclusive] , url=https://collider.com/werwolf-by-night-mcu-timeline-setting-michael-giacchino/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007194224/https://collider.com/werwolf-by-night-mcu-timeline-setting-michael-giacchino/ , archive-date=October 7, 2022 , access-date=October 7, 2022 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Barnhardt , first=Adam , date=October 11, 2022 , title=Werewolf by Night Star Teases Surprising Timeline for Character , url=https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/werewolf-by-night-star-teases-surprising-timeline-for-character/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013185956/https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/werewolf-by-night-star-teases-surprising-timeline-for-character/ , archive-date=October 13, 2022 , access-date=October 14, 2022 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=November 26, 2022 , title=Spider-Man: Far From Home Messes Up MCU's Timeline On Disney+ , url=https://screenrant.com/spiderman-far-from-home-mcu-timeline-disney-plus/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205011343/https://screenrant.com/spiderman-far-from-home-mcu-timeline-disney-plus/ , archive-date=December 5, 2022 , access-date=December 4, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Weinstein , first=Molly Jae , date=September 9, 2022 , title=Thor: Love & Thunder's Place In MCU Timeline Officially Confirmed , url=https://screenrant.com/thor-love-thunder-mcu-timeline-place-updates/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009161921/https://screenrant.com/thor-love-thunder-mcu-timeline-place-updates/ , archive-date=October 9, 2022 , access-date=December 4, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Bacon , first=Thomas , date=November 25, 2022 , title=Guardians Of The Galaxy Holiday Special Fixes Love & Thunder's MCU Timeline , url=https://screenrant.com/guardians-galaxy-thor-love-thunder-mcu-timeline-fix/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127015845/https://screenrant.com/guardians-galaxy-thor-love-thunder-mcu-timeline-fix/ , archive-date=November 27, 2022 , access-date=December 4, 2022 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Nebens , first=Richard , date=November 25, 2022 , title=Disney+ Reveals New MCU Timeline Order With Guardians Holiday Special , url=https://thedirect.com/article/mcu-timeline-order-disney-guardians-holiday-special , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129232006/https://thedirect.com/article/mcu-timeline-order-disney-guardians-holiday-special , archive-date=November 29, 2022 , access-date=December 5, 2022 , website=The Direct]
[{{Cite web , last=Kleinman , first=Jake , date=May 5, 2022 , title=The Marvel Multiverse Explained: Earth-616 vs. Earth-838 vs. Earth-199999 , url=https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/marvel-earth-616-earth-838-doctor-strange-2 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134852/https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/marvel-earth-616-earth-838-doctor-strange-2 , archive-date=May 11, 2022 , access-date=May 12, 2022 , website=Inverse (website), Inverse]
[{{Cite web , last=Russell , first=Bradley , date=May 5, 2022 , title=Why that number in Doctor Strange 2 got cheers in the cinema , url=https://www.gamesradar.com/616-doctor-strange-2-universe-meaning/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505140024/https://www.gamesradar.com/616-doctor-strange-2-universe-meaning/ , archive-date=May 5, 2022 , access-date=May 5, 2022 , website=Total Film , publisher=GamesRadar+]
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''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
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[{{Cite web , date=July 20, 2013 , title=Marvel Studios Begins Production on Guardians of the Galaxy , url=http://marvel.com/news/story/20914/marvel_studios_begins_production_on_guardians_of_the_galaxy , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724015517/http://marvel.com/news/story/20914/marvel_studios_begins_production_on_guardians_of_the_galaxy , archive-date=July 24, 2013 , access-date=July 20, 2013 , website=Marvel.com]
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[{{Cite web , last=Cornet , first=Roth , date=July 18, 2014 , title=Batman V Superman: Dawn Of Justice – Geoff Johns: 'No DC Movie/TV Crossover' , url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2014/07/18/batman-v-superman-dawn-of-justice-geoff-johns-no-dc-movietv-crossover , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720043725/http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/07/18/batman-v-superman-dawn-of-justice-geoff-johns-no-dc-movietv-crossover , archive-date=July 20, 2014 , access-date=July 18, 2014 , website=IGN]
[{{Cite web , date=August 6, 2014 , title='Batman V. Superman' Moves Release Date Again As Warner Bros Sets Its DC Game Plan , url=https://www.deadline.com/2014/08/batman-v-superman-new-release-date-warner-bros-dc/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810040157/http://www.deadline.com/2014/08/batman-v-superman-new-release-date-warner-bros-dc/ , archive-date=August 10, 2014 , access-date=August 6, 2014 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
[{{Cite web , last=Fischer , first=Russ , date=November 9, 2012 , title=Mark Millar Discusses His Role in Creating a Cohesive Marvel Universe For Fox , url=https://www.slashfilm.com/mark-millar-discusses-his-role-in-creating-a-cohesive-marvel-universe-for-fox/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811005734/http://www.slashfilm.com/mark-millar-discusses-his-role-in-creating-a-cohesive-marvel-universe-for-fox/ , archive-date=August 11, 2013 , access-date=November 22, 2013 , website=/Film]
[{{Cite web , last=Collura , first=Scott , date=November 21, 2013 , title=Sony Chief Hints That the Spider-Man Movies Will Be Getting New Heroes and Villains , url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/11/21/sony-chief-hints-that-the-spider-man-movies-will-be-getting-new-heroes-and-villains , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121212355/http://www.ign.com/articles/2013/11/21/sony-chief-hints-that-the-spider-man-movies-will-be-getting-new-heroes-and-villains , archive-date=November 21, 2013 , access-date=November 22, 2013 , website=IGN]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldman , first=Eric , date=December 13, 2013 , title=The Amazing Spider-Man Spinoffs Venom and The Sinister Six Announced by Sony , url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/12/13/the-amazing-spider-man-spinoffs-venom-and-the-sinister-six-announced-by-sony , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214073033/http://www.ign.com/articles/2013/12/13/the-amazing-spider-man-spinoffs-venom-and-the-sinister-six-announced-by-sony , archive-date=December 14, 2013 , access-date=December 14, 2013 , website=IGN]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Vilkomerson , first=Sara , date=April 8, 2014 , title=Inside 'The Amazing Spider-Man 2' – And Sony's strategy to supersize its franchise , url=http://insidemovies.ew.com/2014/04/08/amazing-spider-man-2-sony-magazine/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410050758/http://insidemovies.ew.com/2014/04/08/amazing-spider-man-2-sony-magazine/ , archive-date=April 10, 2014 , access-date=April 10, 2014 , magazine=Entertainment Weekly]
[{{Cite web , date=February 9, 2015 , title=Sony Pictures Entertainment Brings Marvel Studios into The Amazing World of Spider-Man , url=http://marvel.com/news/movies/24062/sony_pictures_entertainment_brings_marvel_studios_into_the_amazing_world_of_spider-man , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210173923/http://marvel.com/news/movies/24062/sony_pictures_entertainment_brings_marvel_studios_into_the_amazing_world_of_spider-man , archive-date=February 10, 2015 , access-date=February 10, 2015 , website=Marvel.com]
[{{Cite web , last1=Graser , first1=Marc , last2=Lang , first2=Brent , date=February 10, 2015 , title=Spider-Man: How Sony, Marvel Will Benefit from Unique Deal (EXCLUSIVE) , url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/details-spider-man-appear-in-sony-and-marvel-movies-1201429039/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212012405/http://variety.com/2015/film/news/details-spider-man-appear-in-sony-and-marvel-movies-1201429039/ , archive-date=February 12, 2015 , access-date=February 10, 2015 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Ryan , first=Mike , date=May 12, 2014 , title='Fantastic Four' Writer-Producer Simon Kinberg on Shared Universes and the Challenges of an Origin Story , url=https://screencrush.com/fantastic-four-x-men/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325090407/http://screencrush.com/fantastic-four-x-men/ , archive-date=March 25, 2016 , access-date=April 13, 2016 , website=Screen Crush]
[{{Cite web , last=Wieselman , first=Jarett , date=October 23, 2014 , title=The Man at the Center of DC's TV Multiverse , url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/jarettwieselman/the-man-at-the-center-of-dcs-tv-multiverse , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031105613/http://www.buzzfeed.com/jarettwieselman/the-man-at-the-center-of-dcs-tv-multiverse , archive-date=October 31, 2014 , access-date=October 30, 2014 , website=BuzzFeed]
[{{Cite web , last=Falk , first=Ben , date=July 23, 2015 , title=Bryan Singer Hints at 'X-Men'/'Fantastic Four' Crossover (Exclusive) , url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/bryan-singer-hints-at-x-menfantastic-four-124855361602.html , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725030124/https://www.yahoo.com/movies/bryan-singer-hints-at-x-menfantastic-four-124855361602.html , archive-date=July 25, 2015 , access-date=July 25, 2015 , website=Yahoo! Movies]
[{{Cite web , last=Sneider , first=Jeff , date=November 10, 2015 , title=17 Movies Shaken by Sony Hack, From 'The Interview' to 'Spectre' to 'Steve Jobs' , url=https://www.thewrap.com/17-movies-shaken-sony-hack-interview-spectre-steve-jobs/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123080241/http://www.thewrap.com/17-movies-shaken-sony-hack-interview-spectre-steve-jobs/ , archive-date=January 23, 2016 , access-date=February 5, 2016 , website=]TheWrap
''TheWrap'' is an American online news website covering the business of entertainment and media via digital, print and live events. It was founded by journalist Sharon Waxman
Sharon I. Waxman (born c.1963) is an American author, journalist, ...
[{{Cite web , last=Kit , first=Borys , date=March 4, 2016 , title='Spider-Man' Spinoff 'Venom' Revived at Sony (Exclusive) , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spinoff-venom-revived-872844 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307004753/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spinoff-venom-revived-872844 , archive-date=March 7, 2016 , access-date=March 6, 2016 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Meslow , first=Scott , date=February 11, 2015 , title=When franchises fail: Saying goodbye to the not-so-Amazing Spider-Man , url=https://theweek.com/articles/538652/when-franchises-fail-saying-goodbye-notsoamazing-spiderman , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514071553/http://theweek.com/articles/538652/when-franchises-fail-saying-goodbye-notsoamazing-spiderman , archive-date=May 14, 2016 , access-date=May 14, 2016 , website=The Week]
[{{Cite web , last=Mendelson , first=Scott , date=May 13, 2014 , title=The Price Sony Paid For Rebooting 'Spider-Man' , url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/05/13/the-price-sony-paid-for-rebooting-spider-man/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508060028/http://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/05/13/the-price-sony-paid-for-rebooting-spider-man/ , archive-date=May 8, 2016 , access-date=May 14, 2016 , website=Forbes]
[{{Cite web , last=Kit , first=Borys , date=May 17, 2016 , title='Batman v. Superman' Fallout: Warner Bros. Shakes Up Executive Roles (Exclusive) , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/batman-v-superman-fallout-warner-895174 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160519102622/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/batman-v-superman-fallout-warner-895174 , archive-date=May 19, 2016 , access-date=May 18, 2016 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Kit , first=Borys , date=March 16, 2017 , title='Spider-Man' Spinoff 'Venom' Gets a Release Date , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spin-venom-gets-a-release-date-986880 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329032507/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spin-venom-gets-a-release-date-986880 , archive-date=March 29, 2017 , access-date=March 28, 2017 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Kit , first=Borys , date=March 22, 2017 , title='Spider-Man' Spinoff: 'Thor' Writer Tackling Silver Sable, Black Cat Movie (Exclusive) , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spinoff-thor-writer-tackling-silver-sable-black-cat-movie-988065 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170324222800/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/spider-man-spinoff-thor-writer-tackling-silver-sable-black-cat-movie-988065 , archive-date=March 24, 2017 , access-date=March 28, 2017 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , last=Davis , first=Erik , date=March 28, 2017 , title=Exclusive Interview: 'Spider-Man: Homecoming' Director Jon Watts On Easter Eggs, Iron Man, John Hughes And More , url=https://www.fandango.com/movie-news/exclusive-interview-spider-man-homecoming-director-jon-watts-on-easter-eggs-iron-man-john-hughes-and-more-752086 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328230145/http://www.fandango.com/movie-news/exclusive-interview-spider-man-homecoming-director-jon-watts-on-easter-eggs-iron-man-john-hughes-and-more-752086 , archive-date=March 28, 2017 , access-date=March 28, 2017 , website=Fandango (company), Fandango]
[{{Cite web , last=Riesman , first=Abraham , date=September 29, 2017 , title=DC Rethinks Its Universe , url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/09/dc-wonder-woman-movie-strategy-universe.html , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001025110/http://www.vulture.com/2017/09/dc-wonder-woman-movie-strategy-universe.html , archive-date=October 1, 2017 , access-date=September 29, 2017 , website=Vulture (blog), Vulture]
[{{Cite press release , title=The Walt Disney Company To Acquire Twenty-First Century Fox, Inc., After Spinoff of Certain Businesses, For $52.4 Billion in Stock , date=December 14, 2017 , publisher=The Walt Disney Company , url=https://thewaltdisneycompany.com/walt-disney-company-acquire-twenty-first-century-fox-inc-spinoff-certain-businesses-52-4-billion-stock-2/ , access-date=December 14, 2017 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214141817/https://thewaltdisneycompany.com/walt-disney-company-acquire-twenty-first-century-fox-inc-spinoff-certain-businesses-52-4-billion-stock-2/ , archive-date=December 14, 2017]
[{{Cite web , last=Shanley , first=Patrick , date=March 29, 2018 , title=Can Anyone Besides Marvel Make a Cinematic Universe Work? , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/marvel-cinematic-universe-why-is-it-one-works-1096504 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401053317/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/marvel-cinematic-universe-why-is-it-one-works-1096504 , archive-date=April 1, 2018 , access-date=April 1, 2018 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite journal , last=Morgenstern , first=Joe , author-link=Joe Morgenstern , date=June 6, 2019 , title='Dark Phoenix' Review: Taking Flight, Then Crashing and Burning , url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/dark-phoenix-review-taking-flight-then-crashing-and-burning-11559848050 , url-status=live , journal=The Wall Street Journal , volume=273 , issue=132 , pages=A11 , url-access=subscription , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607033111/https://www.wsj.com/articles/dark-phoenix-review-taking-flight-then-crashing-and-burning-11559848050 , archive-date=June 7, 2019 , access-date=June 7, 2019]
[{{Cite web , last=Kim , first=Brendan , date=August 24, 2021 , title=Sony's Spider-Man Universe Is Official Title For Non-MCU Marvel Movies , url=https://screenrant.com/spider-man-universe-sony-movie-franchise-official-title/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824133726/https://screenrant.com/spider-man-universe-sony-movie-franchise-official-title/ , archive-date=August 24, 2021 , access-date=August 24, 2021 , website=Screen Rant]
[{{Cite web , last=Britt , first=Ryan , date=October 1, 2021 , title=Unpacking the ''Venom: Let There Be Carnage'' Post-Credits Scene , url=https://www.vulture.com/2021/10/venom-2-let-there-be-carnage-post-credits-scene-explained.html , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001234918/https://www.vulture.com/2021/10/venom-2-let-there-be-carnage-post-credits-scene-explained.html , archive-date=October 1, 2021 , access-date=October 1, 2021 , website=Vulture (website), Vulture]
[{{Cite web , last=Massoto , first=Erik , date=August 5, 2022 , title=New Warner Bros. CEO David Zaslav Announces 10-Year Plan For DC Movies , url=https://collider.com/dc-movies-10-year-plan-warner-bros-ceo-david-zaslav-comments/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805154913/https://collider.com/dc-movies-10-year-plan-warner-bros-ceo-david-zaslav-comments/ , archive-date=August 5, 2022 , access-date=August 5, 2022 , website=Collider (website), Collider]
[{{Cite web , last=Sandwell , first=Ian , date=December 15, 2021 , title=Spider-Man: No Way Home credits scene explained , url=https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a38512270/spider-man-no-way-home-venom-eddie-brock-explained-credits-scene/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216051600/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a38512270/spider-man-no-way-home-venom-eddie-brock-explained-credits-scene/ , archive-date=December 16, 2021 , access-date=December 21, 2022 , website=Digital Spy]
[{{Cite web , last=Couch , first=Aaron , date=December 29, 2021 , title=How ''Spider-Man: No Way Home'' Was "Shaped" by Its Secret Stars , url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/spider-man-no-way-home-andrew-garfield-tobey-maguire-1235068153/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230001218/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/spider-man-no-way-home-andrew-garfield-tobey-maguire-1235068153/ , archive-date=December 30, 2021 , access-date=December 17, 2022 , website=The Hollywood Reporter]
[{{Cite web , date=September 16, 2014 , title=First-of-Its-Kind Course to Examine 'Universe' of Cinematic Storytelling, Perspectives in Ongoing Marvel Films , url=http://www.ubalt.edu/news/news-releases.cfm?id=2086 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140923114404/http://www.ubalt.edu/news/news-releases.cfm?id=2086 , archive-date=September 23, 2014 , access-date=September 20, 2014 , website=University of Baltimore]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Linshi , first=Jack , date=September 24, 2014 , title=University of Baltimore to Offer Course on Marvel Movies , url=http://time.com/3423783/marvel-movies-course-university-of-baltimore/ , url-status=live , magazine=Time (magazine), Time , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516122700/http://time.com/3423783/marvel-movies-course-university-of-baltimore/ , archive-date=May 16, 2018 , access-date=May 30, 2018]
[{{Cite web , date=February 27, 2014 , title=Marvel Studios: Assembling a Universe TV Special Premieres March 18 on ABC , url=http://marvel.com/news/tv/2014/2/27/22035/marvel_studios_assembling_a_universe_tv_special_premieres_march_18_on_abc , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228110110/http://marvel.com/news/tv/2014/2/27/22035/marvel_studios_assembling_a_universe_tv_special_premieres_march_18_on_abc , archive-date=February 28, 2014 , access-date=February 27, 2014 , website=Marvel.com]
[{{Cite magazine , last=Breznican , first=Anthony , author-link=Anthony Breznican , date=March 18, 2014 , title='Avengers: Age of Ultron': Marvel reveals new Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver concept art , url=https://ew.com/article/2014/03/18/avengers-age-of-ultron-marvel-reveals-new-scarlet-witch-and-quicksilver-concept-art/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224151738/https://ew.com/article/2014/03/18/avengers-age-of-ultron-marvel-reveals-new-scarlet-witch-and-quicksilver-concept-art/ , archive-date=February 24, 2021 , access-date=June 9, 2021 , magazine=Entertainment Weekly]
[{{Cite web , last=Lowry , first=Brian , date=March 16, 2014 , title=TV Review: 'Marvel Studios: Assembling a Universe' , url=https://variety.com/2014/tv/reviews/tv-review-marvel-studios-assembling-a-universe-1201131868/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319080517/http://variety.com/2014/tv/reviews/tv-review-marvel-studios-assembling-a-universe-1201131868/ , archive-date=March 19, 2014 , access-date=March 18, 2014 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Fowler , first=Matt , date=May 30, 2014 , title=Marvel's Agents of SHIELD Blu-ray And DVD Details , url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2014/05/30/marvels-agents-of-shield-blu-ray-and-dvd-details , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531144217/http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/05/30/marvels-agents-of-shield-blu-ray-and-dvd-details , archive-date=May 31, 2014 , access-date=May 30, 2014 , website=IGN]
[{{Cite web , last=Connelly , first=Brendon , date=September 11, 2014 , title=Exclusive! Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'s Showrunner Talks Interconnection With Avengers: Age Of Ultron, Agent Carter, & Marvel Cinematic Universe , url=https://comicbook.com/2014/09/11/exclusive-agents-of-s-h-i-e-l-d-s-showrunner-jeffrey-bell/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140915003747/http://comicbook.com/2014/09/11/exclusive-agents-of-s-h-i-e-l-d-s-showrunner-jeffrey-bell/ , archive-date=September 15, 2014 , access-date=September 14, 2014 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Cavanaugh , first=Patrick , date=October 9, 2014 , title=Marvel to Celebrate 75 Years With 1-Hour Primetime Special on ABC , url=http://marvel.com/news/tv/23433/marvel_to_celebrate_75_years_with_1-hour_primetime_special_on_abc , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011133027/http://marvel.com/news/tv/23433/marvel_to_celebrate_75_years_with_1-hour_primetime_special_on_abc , archive-date=October 11, 2014 , access-date=October 9, 2014 , website=Marvel.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Lowry , first=Brian , date=November 4, 2014 , title=TV Review: 'Marvel, 75 Years: From Pulp to Pop!' , url=https://variety.com/2014/tv/reviews/tv-review-marvel-75-years-from-pulp-to-pop-1201346145/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104232919/http://variety.com/interstitial/ , archive-date=November 4, 2014 , access-date=November 4, 2014 , website=Variety (magazine), Variety]
[{{Cite web , last=Goldman , first=Eric , date=November 4, 2014 , title=Looking Back at How The Marvel Age Began , url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2014/11/04/marvel-75-years-from-pulp-to-pop-review , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105040748/http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/11/04/marvel-75-years-from-pulp-to-pop-review , archive-date=November 5, 2014 , access-date=November 4, 2014 , website=IGN]
[{{Cite web , last=Gelman , first=Samuel , date=November 11, 2019 , title=Expanding the Universe: Disney+ Offering New Look at Marvel Original Series , url=https://www.cbr.com/expanding-the-universe-disney-marvel-original-series/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112012313/https://www.cbr.com/expanding-the-universe-disney-marvel-original-series/ , archive-date=November 12, 2019 , access-date=November 15, 2019 , website=Comic Book Resources]
[{{Cite web , last=Davis , first=Brandon , date=December 23, 2020 , title=Marvel Studios Announces New Year's 2021 Musical Show , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-studios-musical-channel-new-years-special/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224004925/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/marvel-studios-musical-channel-new-years-special/ , archive-date=December 24, 2020 , access-date=December 24, 2020 , website=ComicBook.com]
[{{Cite web , last=Marnell , first=Blair , date=December 31, 2020 , title=Watch Marvel Studios' New Year's Eve Musical Medley , url=https://www.superherohype.com/movies/491214-watch-marvel-studios-new-years-eve-musical-medley , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101082334/https://www.superherohype.com/movies/491214-watch-marvel-studios-new-years-eve-musical-medley , archive-date=January 1, 2021 , access-date=January 10, 2021 , website=Superhero Hype]
[{{Cite web , last=D'Alessandro , first=Anthony , date=September 21, 2021 , title='Shang-Chi' Heading Into Homes On November 12, Which Bob Chapek Announces As "Disney+ Day"; Here's Lineup Of Content , url=https://deadline.com/2021/09/shang-chi-disney-day-bob-chapek-theatrical-exhibition-1234841512/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921200605/https://deadline.com/2021/09/shang-chi-disney-day-bob-chapek-theatrical-exhibition-1234841512/ , archive-date=September 21, 2021 , access-date=September 21, 2021 , website=Deadline Hollywood]
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[{{Cite web , last=Paige , first=Rachel , date=December 15, 2020 , title=Marvel Studios Announces New Series Debuting Exclusively on Disney+ , url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/tv-shows/marvel-studios-legends-new-series-disney-plus , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215151931/https://www.marvel.com/articles/tv-shows/marvel-studios-legends-new-series-disney-plus , archive-date=December 15, 2020 , access-date=December 15, 2020 , website=Marvel.com]
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[{{Cite web , date=December 17, 2015 , title=Preview: Guidebook To The Marvel Cinematic Universe – Marvel's Thor #1 , url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/comic-previews/guidebook-to-the-marvel-cinematic-universe-marvels-thor-1-marvel-comics-2015 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202005909/http://www.comicbookresources.com/comic-previews/guidebook-to-the-marvel-cinematic-universe-marvels-thor-1-marvel-comics-2015 , archive-date=February 2, 2016 , access-date=January 25, 2016 , website=Comic Book Resources]
[{{Cite web , date=January 21, 2016 , title=Preview: Guidebook To The Marvel Cinematic Universe – Marvel's Captain America: The First Avenger #1 , url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/comic-previews/guidebook-marvel-cinematic-universe-marvels-captain-america-first-avenger-1-marvel-comics-2016 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126080027/http://www.comicbookresources.com/comic-previews/guidebook-marvel-cinematic-universe-marvels-captain-america-first-avenger-1-marvel-comics-2016 , archive-date=January 26, 2016 , access-date=January 25, 2016 , website=Comic Book Resources]
[{{Cite web , last=Mueller , first=Matthew , date=November 6, 2018 , title=Marvel Studios' Kevin Feige Talks 'The First Ten Years' In New Collectors Hardcover , url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/2018/11/06/marvel-studios-first-ten-years-collectors-hardcover-excerpt-kevi/ , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116163901/https://comicbook.com/marvel/2018/11/06/marvel-studios-first-ten-years-collectors-hardcover-excerpt-kevi/ , archive-date=November 16, 2018 , access-date=November 24, 2018 , website=ComicBook.com]
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[{{Cite web , title=Thor: God of Thunder , url=https://www.polygon.com/game/thor-god-of-thunder/5248 , url-status=live , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826112354/https://www.polygon.com/game/thor-god-of-thunder/5248 , archive-date=August 26, 2017 , access-date=August 25, 2017 , website=Polygon (website), Polygon]
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External links
* wikia:marvelcinematicuniverse, Marvel Cinematic Universe Wiki
MCU timeline: How to watch all 23 Marvel movies in the perfect order
* {{Marveldatabase
{{Marvel Cinematic Universe
{{Marvel Multiverse
{{Disney franchises
{{Portal bar, Film, United States, Speculative fiction, Comics
Marvel Cinematic Universe,
Continuity (fiction)
Fictional universes
Film series based on Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics dimensions, Cinematic Universe
Marvel Entertainment franchises
Mass media franchises introduced in 2008
Walt Disney Studios (division) franchises