Mariano Santo (1488 in

Barletta Barletta () is a city, '' comune'' of Apulia, in south eastern Italy. Barletta is the capoluogo, together with Andria and Trani, of the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani. It has a population of around 94,700 citizens. The city's territory be ...

– 1577 in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

) was a prominent surgeon of the 16th century. He was born and raised in Barletta in 1488 and relocated to Rome in 1510 to study medicine. Following this, he became a surgeon and taught at

Bologna University The University of Bologna ( it, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded in 1088 by an organised guild of students (''studiorum''), it is the oldest university in continuo ...

. Eventually he returned to Baletta in 1520 for the death of his father and married Maddalena Braccio shortly after in 1524. Maddalena bore Mariano 4 sons and in 1526 they moved to

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

and in 1527 they again move settling in Ragusa (today

Dubrovnik Dubrovnik (), historically known as Ragusa (; see notes on naming), is a city on the Adriatic Sea in the region of Dalmatia, in the southeastern semi-exclave of Croatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterran ...

). He operated on battlefields during the war between

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

and Ottomans, and finally went to

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...

. Mariano’s written work includes the ''Artium et medicine'' and the very important ''Libellus Aureus de lapide a vesica per incisionem extrahendo'' and the ''De lapide renum''. Additionally, he was the first in Europe to demonstrate a new surgical technique called "sectio mariana", which employs the use of a new tool, the "esploratorium", for the extraction of

renal calculi Kidney stone disease, also known as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine s ...

. He died in Rome in 1577 and is buried in Santa Maria sopra Minerva church.

Works

''De lapide renum''; ''De lapide vesicae per incisionem extrahendo''
Paris

References

1/Il Chirurgo Mariano Santo da Barletta.pdf Il CHIRURGO MARIANO SANTO
provincia.brindisi.it (in Italian) 1488 births 1577 deaths People from Barletta {{Italy-med-bio-stub