Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen (18 June 1808 – 6 January 1872) was the

8th 8 (eight) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9. In mathematics 8 is: * a composite number, its proper divisors being , , and . It is twice 4 or four times 2. * a power of two, being 2 (two cubed), and is the first number of t ...

Vice President A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on ...

of New Granada, and as such served as

Acting President An acting president is a person who temporarily fills the role of a country's president when the incumbent president is unavailable (such as by illness or a vacation) or when the post is vacant (such as for death, injury, resignation, dismissal ...

from 1855 to 1857.

Personal life

Manuel María was born on 18 June 1808 in

Santiago de Cali Santiago de Cali (), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with 2,227,642 residents according to the 2018 census. The city spans with of urban area, making Cali the secon ...

, then part of the

Viceroyalty of New Granada The Viceroyalty of New Granada ( es, Virreinato de Nueva Granada, links=no ) also called Viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada or Viceroyalty of Santafé was the name given on 27 May 1717, to the jurisdiction of the Spanish Empire in norther ...

, the oldest child of José María Mallarino y Vargas, a Spaniard natural of

Cádiz Cádiz (, , ) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the Province of Cádiz, one of eight that make up the autonomous community of Andalusia. Cádiz, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, ...

of Italian descent, and Juana María de la Concepción Ibargüen (née Scarpetta Roo y Bedoya), a

Criolla Criolla is a genre of Cuban music which is closely related to the music of the Cuban Coros de Clave and a genre of Cuban popular music called Clave. The Clave became a very popular genre in the Cuban vernacular theater and was created by compose ...

natural of Cali also of Italian descent. His two younger siblings were María Josefa and Francisco Antonio. He attended the University of Cauca graduating Juris Doctor on 17 July 1831. On 11 August 1836 he married María Mercedes Cabal, daughter of José Antonio Víctor Cabal Molina and María Petrona Borrero y Costa, and natural of Buga, in his father-in-law's hacienda in El Cerrito. Manuel María and María Mercedes had seven children: José María, Victor, Antonio, Susana, Gonzalo, Sofía, and Julio Daniel. His nephews Carlos and Jorge Holguín Mallarino, sons of his sister María Josefa, became prominent Conservative party politicians who like him served in Congress and as Acting Presidents; Jorge went on to serve as the

10th 10 (ten) is the even natural number following 9 and preceding 11. Ten is the base of the decimal numeral system, by far the most common system of denoting numbers in both spoken and written language. It is the first double-digit number. The re ...

President of Colombia The president of Colombia ( es, Presidente de Colombia), officially known as the president of the Republic of Colombia ( es, Presidente de la República de Colombia) or president of the nation ( es, Presidente de la Nacion) is the head of stat ...

Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1846–1848)

Mallarino served as the 21st, 23rd, and 25th Secretary of Foreign Affairs of New Granada during the Administration of President Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda. In 1846, Chancellor Mallarino was commissioned to negotiate and sign with the United States Chargé d'Affaires in New Granada, Benjamin Alden Bidlack, the

Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty The Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty (also known as the Bidlack Treaty and Treaty of New Granada) was a treaty signed between New Granada (today Colombia and Panama) and the United States, on December 12, 1846.Kellogg Institute at the University of Not ...

, an agreement of mutual cooperation between the United States and New Granada that granted the US significant transit rights over the Isthmus of Panama, as well as military powers to suppress social conflicts and independence struggles targeted against New Granada. However this treaty would later be recalled by the US to justify American involvement in the

Separation of Panama from Colombia The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama. From the Independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously declared independence from Spain and joi ...

Vice Presidency (1855–1859)

On 17 April 1854 General José María Melo y Ortiz deposed President José María Obando del Campo in a ''

coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...

''. Later that year General Melo agreed to step down and handed power back to the previous administration; President Obando had been formally impeached by Congress so the Executive Power lay in the hands of Vice President José de Obaldía y Orejuela as

as the New Granadian Constitution of 1832 did not allow for a full succession of power. The Constitution also prescribed for separate elections for President and Vice President set two years apart, so in 1855 when Vice President Obaldía's term came to an end Congress set out to elect his successor and elected Mallarino to succeed Obaldía. Mallarino took office as the

of New Granada on 1 April 1855 becoming

of New Granada. In 1857 Mallarino handed Executive Power to the newly elected President, Mariano Ospina Rodríguez, who took office on 1 April; he then served out the remaining of his term as Ospina's Vice President until 1 April 1857. President Ospina set out to rewrite the Constitution, eliminating the Office of the Vice President among other substantial changes. Mallarino was thus the last Vice President of New Granada as he had no successor. The country would not have another Vice President until 1886 when the

Colombian Constitution of 1886 The Colombian Constitution of 1886 was the constitution that remade the United States of Colombia into the Republic of Colombia, and replaced the federal republic with a unitary state. Following the Civil War of 1884, a coalition of moderate ...

reopened the Vice Presidency.

Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1861)

In 1861 Mallarino was tapped again to serve as Secretary of Foreign Affairs, this time appointed by President Bartolomé Calvo Díaz during the Civil War of 1860–1862. For this reason when Mallarino took office on 1 April 1861 as the 2nd Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Granadine Confederation he only served until 10 July, when General Mosquera, under whose Administration he had served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the past, deposed President Calvo and toppled the Government.

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