![Mangawhai museum](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Mangawhai_museum.jpg)
Mangawhai is a locality in
Northland, New Zealand around the Mangawhai Harbour. The township of Mangawhai is at the south west extent of the harbour, and the township of
Mangawhai Heads
Mangawhai Heads is a township in Northland, New Zealand. Waipu is 21 kilometres northwest, and Mangawhai is 5 kilometres southwest.
Mangawhai Heads Beach is an intermediate-level surf beach.
The Mangawhai Cliffs Walkway, north of the townshi ...
is 5 km north east.
Kaiwaka
Kaiwaka "the little town of lights" is a settlement in Northland, New Zealand. The Kaiwaka River runs from the east through the area and joins with the Wairau River to form the Otamatea River, which drains into the Kaipara Harbour. State Hig ...
is 13 km south west, and
Waipu is 20 km north west of Mangawhai Heads.
In 2018 a proposal was made to develop a new town between Mangawhai and Mangawhai Heads, called Mangawhai Central, to accommodate the rapid increase of population expected in the area and overcome the space limitations of the existing commercial areas.
Mangawhai Museum
Mangawhai is a locality in Northland, New Zealand around the Mangawhai Harbour. The township of Mangawhai is at the south west extent of the harbour, and the township of Mangawhai Heads is 5 km north east. Kaiwaka is 13 km south west, ...
, opened in 2014,
features displays on the area's local history.
History
Mangawhai is the traditional
Māori
Māori or Maori can refer to:
Relating to the Māori people
* Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group
* Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand
* Māori culture
* Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...
name for the area, referring to the
stingrays which live in the harbour.
In the early and mid 19th century, Mangawhai Harbour was one of the main access points for the
Kaipara.
Ngāti Whātua
Ngāti Whātua is a Māori iwi (tribe) of the lower Northland Peninsula of New Zealand's North Island. It comprises a confederation of four hapū (subtribes) interconnected both by ancestry and by association over time: Te Uri-o-Hau, Te Roroa, ...
used to drag
waka
Waka may refer to:
Culture and language
* Waka (canoe), a Polynesian word for canoe; especially, canoes of the Māori of New Zealand
** Waka ama, a Polynesian outrigger canoe
** Waka hourua, a Polynesian ocean-going canoe
** Waka taua, a Māori w ...
from Kaiwaka to Mangawhai. A
Ngā Puhi war party landed at Mangawhai in February 1825 and moved 12 km inland to confront the
Ngāti Whātua
Ngāti Whātua is a Māori iwi (tribe) of the lower Northland Peninsula of New Zealand's North Island. It comprises a confederation of four hapū (subtribes) interconnected both by ancestry and by association over time: Te Uri-o-Hau, Te Roroa, ...
at Te Ika-a-ranga-nui near Kaiwaka.
Later in the 19th century, settlers would travel by boat from
Auckland
Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The List of New Zealand urban areas by population, most populous urban area in the country and the List of cities in Oceania by po ...
to Mangawhai, walk to Kaiwaka, and then travel on the water again across the
Kaipara Harbour
Kaipara Harbour is a large enclosed harbour estuary complex on the north western side of the North Island of New Zealand. The northern part of the harbour is administered by the Kaipara District and the southern part is administered by the Auckl ...
. By the early 1860s, a
dray road existed between Mangawhai and Kaiwaka. In the latter 19th century, the
kauri gum
Kauri gum is resin from kauri trees (''Agathis australis''), which historically had several important industrial uses. It can also be used to make crafts such as jewellery. Kauri forests once covered much of the North Island of New Zealand, bef ...
digging trade became an important industry in the area.
Sand mining
Sand mining
Sand mining is the extraction of sand, mainly through an open pit (or sand pit) but sometimes mined from beaches and inland dunes or dredged from ocean and river beds. Sand is often used in manufacturing, for example as an abrasive or in conc ...
began at the Mangawhai Harbour entrance pre 1940.
In 1978 the collapse of sand dunes, believed to be caused by sand mining,
closed the harbour for five and a half years.
From 1993 to 2004, sand was commercially suction-dredged from the sandbars of Mangawhai Heads. In 2004, the Mangawhai Harbour Restoration Society won an
Environment Court
The Environment Court of New Zealand ( mi, Te Kōti Taiao o Aotearoa) is a specialist court for plans, resource consents and environmental issues. It mainly deals with issues arising under the Resource Management Act, meaning that it covers a ...
decision to stop the issue of new licences.
The companies such as
McCallum Brothers
McCallum Brothers is an Auckland, New Zealand-based sand and construction aggregate supplier. Its main products are sand and jasper (of which it quarries up to 30,000 tonnes per year). The company mainly supplies building and roading companies in ...
, re-applied to the
Auckland Regional Council
The Auckland Regional Council (ARC) was the regional council (one of the former local government authorities) of the Auckland Region. Its predecessor the Auckland Regional Authority (ARA) was formed in 1963 and became the ARC in 1989. The AR ...
for resource consent but the application was turned down in 2005.
In January 2008 another application to sand mine in the Mangawhai Forest was being heard by the Environment Court.
Demographics
Mangawhai township covers
and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km
2.
Mangawhai had a population of 936 at the
2018 New Zealand census
Eighteen or 18 may refer to:
* 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19
* one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018
Film, television and entertainment
* ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the sho ...
, an increase of 429 people (84.6%) since the
2013 census, and an increase of 588 people (169.0%) since the
2006 census
6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number.
In mathematics
Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...
. There were 387 households, comprising 450 males and 486 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.93 males per female. The median age was 53.5 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 168 people (17.9%) aged under 15 years, 96 (10.3%) aged 15 to 29, 354 (37.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 318 (34.0%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 93.6% European/Pākehā, 14.1% Māori, 2.2% Pacific peoples, 2.9% Asian, and 1.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 19.9, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 59.9% had no religion, 29.2% were Christian, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.2% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 111 (14.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 156 (20.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $24,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. 90 people (11.7%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 264 (34.4%) people were employed full-time, 129 (16.8%) were part-time, and 27 (3.5%) were unemployed.
Rural surrounds
Mangawhai Rural, which surrounds but does not include Mangawhai township and Mangawhai Heads, covers
and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km
2.
Mangawhai Rural had a population of 2,100 at the
2018 New Zealand census
Eighteen or 18 may refer to:
* 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19
* one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018
Film, television and entertainment
* ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the sho ...
, an increase of 702 people (50.2%) since the
2013 census, and an increase of 1,068 people (103.5%) since the
2006 census
6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number.
In mathematics
Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...
. There were 819 households, comprising 1,041 males and 1,062 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 50.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 375 people (17.9%) aged under 15 years, 207 (9.9%) aged 15 to 29, 1,086 (51.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 432 (20.6%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 93.7% European/Pākehā, 11.9% Māori, 2.9% Pacific peoples, 1.9% Asian, and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 21.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 60.7% had no religion, 28.9% were Christian, 0.6% were Hindu, 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.3% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 330 (19.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 264 (15.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $29,000, compared with $31,800 nationally. 261 people (15.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 771 (44.7%) people were employed full-time, 324 (18.8%) were part-time, and 45 (2.6%) were unemployed.
Education
Mangawhai Beach School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school with a
decile rating of 6 and a roll of students as of
References
{{Kaipara District
Kaipara District
Populated places in the Northland Region