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This article is about the
demographic Demography () is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as edu ...
features of the population of Malawi, including population density,
ethnicity An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, ...
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Malawi derives its name from the
Maravi Maravi was a kingdom which straddled the current borders of Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia, in the 16th century. The present-day name " Maláŵi" is said to derive from the Chewa word "malaŵí", which means "flames". History At its greatest e ...
, a
Bantu Bantu may refer to: *Bantu languages, constitute the largest sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages *Bantu peoples, over 400 peoples of Africa speaking a Bantu language *Bantu knots, a type of African hairstyle *Black Association for Nationali ...
people who came from the southern
Congo Congo or The Congo may refer to either of two countries that border the Congo River in central Africa: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, the larger country to the southeast, capital Kinshasa, formerly known as Zaire, sometimes referred to a ...
about 600 years ago. On reaching the area north of Lake Malawi, the Maravi divided. One branch, the ancestors of the present-day Chewas, moved south to the west bank of the lake. The other, the ancestors of the Nyanjas, moved down the east bank to the southern part of the country. By AD 1500, the two divisions of the tribe had established a kingdom stretching from north of the present-day city of Nkhotakota to the Zambezi River in the south, and from Lake Malawi in the east, to the
Luangwa River The Luangwa River is one of the major tributaries of the Zambezi River, and one of the four biggest rivers of Zambia. The river generally floods in the rainy season (December to March) and then falls considerably in the dry season. It is one of ...
in Zambia in the west. Migrations and tribal conflicts precluded the formation of a cohesive Malawian society until the turn of the 20th century. In more recent years, ethnic and tribal distinctions have diminished. Regional distinctions and rivalries, however, persist. Despite some clear differences, no significant friction currently exists between tribal groups, and the concept of a Malawian nationality has begun to take hold. Predominantly a rural people, Malawians are generally conservative and traditionally nonviolent. The Chewas constitute 90% of the population of the central region; the Nyanja tribe predominates in the south and the Tumbuka in the north. In addition, significant numbers of the Tongas live in the north; Ngonis—an offshoot of the Zulus who came from South Africa in the early 19th century—live in the lower northern and lower central regions; and the Yao, who are mostly
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
, predominate in the Southern Region of the country and live in a wide band from Blantyre and Zomba north to Lake Malawi and east to the border with Mozambique. Bantus of other tribes came from Mozambique as refugees.


Population

According to the total population was in , compared to only 2 881 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 45.8%, 51.1% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.1% was 65 years or older.Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
Total and Percent Distribution of Population by Single Year of Age (Census 09.03.2018) Structure of the population (DHS 2014) (Males 6 855, Females 7 125 = 13 979) :


UN population projections

Numbers are in thousands. UN medium variant projections *2015 17,522 *2020 20,677 *2025 24,212 *2030 28,173 *2035 32,667 *2040 37,797 *2045 43,521 *2050 49,719


Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Malawi not complete. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations.


Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2016 (DHS Program):


Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019. *One birth every 48 seconds *One death every 4 minutes *One net migrant every 65 minutes *Net gain of one person every 59 seconds The following demographic are from the
CIA World Factbook ''The World Factbook'', also known as the ''CIA World Factbook'', is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available ...
unless otherwise indicated.


Population

:20,794,353 (2022 est.) :19,842,560 (July 2018 est.) :19,196,246 (July 2017 est.)


Religions

Protestant 33.5% (includes Church of Central Africa Presbyterian 14.2%, Seventh Day Adventist/Baptist 9.4%, Pentecostal 7.6%, Anglican 2.3%), Roman Catholic 17.2%, other Christian 26.6%, Muslim 13.8%, traditionalist 1.1%, other 5.6%, none 2.1% (2018 est.)


Age structure

:''0-14 years:'' 45.87% (male 4,843,107/female 4,878,983) :''15-24 years:'' 20.51% (male 2,151,417/female 2,195,939) :''25-54 years:'' 27.96% (male 2,944,936/female 2,982,195) :''55-64 years:'' 2.98% (male 303,803/female 328,092) :''65 years and over:'' 2.68% (2020 est.) (male 249,219/female 318,938) :''0-14 years:'' 46.17% (male 4,560,940 /female 4,600,184) :''15-24 years:'' 20.58% (male 2,023,182 /female 2,059,765) :''25-54 years:'' 27.57% (male 2,717,613 /female 2,752,983) :''55-64 years:'' 3% (male 284,187 /female 310,393) :''65 years and over:'' 2.69% (male 234,776 /female 298,537) (2018 est.)


Birth rate

:27.94 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 38th :40.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 8th :41 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)


Death rate

:4.58 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 206th :7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 100th :7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)


Total fertility rate

:3.4 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 41st :4 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 9th


Population growth rate

:2.34% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 31st :3.31% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd :3.31% (2017 est.)


Median age

:total: 16.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 221st :male: 16.7 years :female: 16.9 years (2020 est.) :total: 16.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 223rd :male: 16.5 years :female: 16.8 years (2018 est.)


Mother's mean age at first birth

:18.9 years (2015/16 est.) :note: median age at first birth among women 25-29


Contraceptive prevalence rate

:59.2% (2015/16)


Net migration rate

:0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st :0 migrants/1,000 population (2017). There is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities.


Dependency ratios

:total dependency ratio: 91 (2015 est.) :youth dependency ratio: 85.3 (2015 est.) :elderly dependency ratio: 5.7 (2015 est.) : potential support ratio: 17.4 (2015 est.)


Urbanization

:urban population: 18% of total population (2022) :rate of urbanization: 4.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) :''urban population:'' 16.9% of total population (2018) :''rate of urbanization:'' 4.19% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)


Life expectancy at birth

:total population: 72.44 years. Country comparison to the world: 154th male: 69.33 years female: 75.59 years (2022 est.) :total population: 62.2 years (2018 est.) :male: 60.2 years (2018 est.) :female: 64.3 years (2018 est.) : ''total population:'' 61.7 years : ''male:'' 59.7 years : ''female:'' 63.8 years (2017 est.)


Sex ratio

* ''at birth:'' 1.03 male(s)/female * ''under 15 years:'' 1 male(s)/female * ''15-64 years:'' 0.97 male(s)/female * ''65 years and over:'' 0.69 male(s)/female * ''total population:'' 0.97 male(s)/female (2000 est.)


Ratio of medical doctors to general population

1 Doctor/65,000 Malawians


Major infectious diseases

:degree of risk: very high (2020) :food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever :vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever :water contact diseases: schistosomiasis :animal contact diseases: rabies note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Malawi is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine


Nationality

* ''noun:'' Malawian(s) * ''adjective:'' Malawian


Ethnic groups

* Chewa 34.3% * Lomwe 18.8% * Yao 13.2% * Ngoni 10.4% * Tumbuka 9.2% *
Sena Sena may refer to: Places * Sanandaj or Sena, city in northwestern Iran * Sena (state constituency), represented in the Perlis State Legislative Assembly * Sena, Dashtestan, village in Bushehr Province, Iran * Sena, Huesca, municipality in Huesc ...
3.8% * Mang'anja 3.2% * Tonga 1.8% * Nyanja 1.8% * Nyakyusa 1% *
Europeans Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe. Groups may be defined by common genetic ancestry, common language, or both. Pan and Pfeil (2004) ...
0.04% *Other 2.5%


Languages

* English (official) *
Chichewa Chewa (also known as Nyanja, ) is a Bantu language spoken in much of Southern, Southeast and East Africa, namely the countries of Malawi , where it is an official language, and Mozambique and Zambia. The noun class prefix ''chi-'' is used for la ...
(official) - 6,500,000 * Chiyao - 1,760,000 * Chitumbuka - 1,180,000 * Chilomwe - 2,290,000 * Chingoni - 37,500 * Chimakhuwa - 200,000 * Chisena - 468,000 *
Chitonga Tonga (''Chitonga''), also known as ''Zambezi'', is a Bantu language primarily spoken by the Tonga people (''Batonga'') who live mainly in the Southern province, Lusaka province Central Province and Western province of Zambia, and in northern Z ...
- 271,000 * Chinyika - 5,000 * Chinyiha - 10,000 * Chindali - 70,000 * Chinyakyusa - 149,000 * Chilambya - 59,500 * Afrikaans - 26,000


Education expenditures

:2.9% of GDP (2020) :country comparison to the world: 159


Literacy

''definition:'' age 15 and over can read and write : ''total population:'' 62.1% : ''male:'' 69.8% : ''female:'' 55.2% (2015 est.)


School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

:total: 11 years (2011) :male: 11 years (2011) :female: 11 years (2011)


Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

:total: 8.5% :male: 6.7% :female: 10.6% (2017 est.)


White Malawians

There has been reported a 7,400 white population. White Malawians are primarily of English and Scottish ancestry, however there are small numbers who are of Dutch, French, Italian, Greek, Spanish, Portuguese, Middle Eastern, Belgian, Scandinavian, or German background. White Malawians live in
Lilongwe Lilongwe (, , ) is the capital and most populated city of the African country of Malawi. It has a population of 989,318 as of the 2018 Census, up from a population of 674,448 in 2008. In 2020 that figure was 1,122,000. The city is located in th ...
, Dedza, Dowa, Blantyre, Kasungu,
Mchinji Mchinji is a town and the capital of the Mchinji District in the Central Region of Malawi. Mchinji Boma, located from the Zambian border and from the national capital, Lilongwe, is the major hub of government and general business. It has a m ...
, Nkhotakota, Ntcheu,
Ntchisi Ntchisi is a town located in the Central Region, Malawi, Central Region of Malawi. It is the administrative capital of Ntchisi District. Demographics Healthcare Ntchisi is served by a District hospital located at the capital and several healt ...
, Salima, Chitipa, Karonga, Likoma, Mzimba, Nkhata Bay, Rumphi, Balaka, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Machinga, Mangochi,
Mulanje Mulanje, formerly called Mlanje, is a town in the Southern Region of Malawi, close to the border with Mozambique, to the east. It is near the Mulanje Massif. Location The town of Mulanje lies along the M-2 highway from Thyolo to the west to ...
, Mwanza, Nsanje,
Thyolo Thyolo is a town located in the Southern Region of Malawi. It is the administrative capital of Thyolo District. Traditional Authority Mphuka in Thyolo District is one of the 10 Traditional Authorities in Thyolo District in Malawi. There are a ...
,
Phalombe Phalombe is a town in Malawi. It is the district capital of Phalombe District. Location Phalombe is located about , by road, north-east of Mulanje, along the T408 Road. This is approximately , by road, east of Blantyre, the financial capital ...
, Zomba, and Mzuzu.


See also

* Malawi *
Malawian American Malawian Americans are Americans of Malawian descent. According to answers provided to an open-ended question included in the 2000 census, 631 people said that their ancestry or ethnic origin was Malawian. Demography The Malawian diaspora main ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Malawi Society of Malawi