''Magnolia pacifica'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of ''

Magnolia ''Magnolia'' is a large genus of about 210 to 340The number of species in the genus ''Magnolia'' depends on the taxonomic view that one takes up. Recent molecular and morphological research shows that former genera ''Talauma'', ''Dugandiodendro ...

'' from Jalisco and

Nayarit Nayarit (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Nayarit ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Nayarit), is one of the 31 states that, along with Mexico City, comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 20 municipalities and its ...

states in western

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

Description

''Magnolia pacifica'' is a medium-sized tree, growing 15 to 25 meters tall, with a trunk up to 40–80 cm in diameter.

Range and habitat

''Magnolia pacifica'' is found only in a few locations in the mountains of

and western Jalisco states in western Mexico. In Nayarit it has been recorded at

Acaponeta Acaponeta is both a municipality and a town in the northern part of the Mexican state of Nayarit. The town is located at the geographical coordinates of . The population of the municipality was 34,665 in the 2005 census, living in a total area of ...

in the southern

Sierra Madre Occidental The Sierra Madre Occidental is a major mountain range system of the North American Cordillera, that runs northwest–southeast through northwestern and western Mexico, and along the Gulf of California. The Sierra Madre is part of the American ...

and in the Sierra de San Juan. In Jalisco it is found in the mountains around

San Sebastián del Oeste San Sebastián del Oeste () is a town and municipality, located on the western part of Jalisco state, Mexico, between 20°39’45’’ - 21°02’30’’ N and 104°35’00’’ - 104°51’00’’ W, at a height of 1,480 metres (4,856 ...

and in the Sierra el Cuale south and west of

Talpa de Allende Talpa de Allende is a city and municipality in Jalisco, Mexico. Surrounded by pine-covered mountains, Talpa de Allende is a silver mining town founded by the Spanish in 1599. The name "Allende" is in honor of General Ignacio Allende. Talpa is the ...

. It most often occurs in cloud forest, but is also found in humid locations, like gorges and ravines, in pine-oak forest, tropical evergreen forest, and tropical semi-evergreen forest, between 790 and 2,250 meters elevation. The species' extent of occurrence is 4,732 km².

Conservation

The species is threatened by

habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby ...

from deforestation and conversion of its habitat to agriculture. Its population is decreasing, and its conservation status is assessed as

Endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and in ...

Systematics

''Magnolia pacifica'' belongs to sect. ''Magnolia''. Other closely-related species live in western Mexico, and constitute the ''Magnolia pacifica'' group – '' Magnolia pugana'' from the mountains north of Guadalajara, and '' Magnolia vallartensis'' from the Pacific lowlands around Puerto Vallarta.Vázquez-García, José & Muñiz-Castro, Miguel Angel & Dahua-Machoa, Alex & Osorio-Muñoz, Edson & Hernández-Vera, Gerardo & Ortega-Peña, Alondra Salome & Jacobo-Pereira, César & Romo Campos, Rosa & Roman, Noelia & Shalisko, Viacheslav. (2020). "How to Save Endangered Magnolias?" in ''Population Biology to Conservation Action: The Case of Allopatric Radiation in Western Mexico''. 10.5772/intechopen.94346. ''M. pugana'' and ''M. vallartensis'' are sometimes classed as subspecies of ''M. pacifica''. Vázquez-García ''et al.'' consider the Sierra el Cuale population of ''M. pacifica'' to be separate species, ''M. talpana''.

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q5989917 pacifica Endemic flora of Mexico Trees of Jalisco Trees of Nayarit Flora of the Sierra Madre Occidental Flora of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Cloud forest flora of Mexico