MV ''Karadeniz Powership Kaya Bey'' is a Liberia- flagged powership, a floating oil-burning power plant, owned and operated by Karpowership. Built in 1983 in Brazil and christened MV ''Gulf Grain'', she sailed as a bulk carrier under various names and flags until she was acquired in 2009 to be converted into a Powership in Turkey. The Powership supplied electricity to the power grid in Pakistan, then in Basra, Iraq.

Cargo ship

She was built by the Ishibras Shipyard of Verolme Estaleiros Reunidos do Brasil at

Angra dos Reis Angra dos Reis (; Portuguese for ''cove'' or ''bay of the Kings'') is a Brazilian municipality located in the southern part of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The city is located by the sea and includes in its territory many offshore islands, the l ...

, Brazil as a bulk carrier in October 1983. The (

LOA ( ), also called loa or loi, are spirits in the African diasporic religion of Haitian Vodou. They have also been incorporated into some revivalist forms of Louisiana Voodoo. Many of the lwa derive their identities in part from deities venerate ...

) long vessel has a beam of and a draft of . By , she has a cargo capacity of . She saw service under the names ''El-Amaan'', ''St Cergue'' and ''Kamari'' before she was sold in May 2009 to Karpowership.

Powership

She was converted into a Powership and renamed ''Karadeniz Powership Kaya Bey'' as the third of the fleet. In 2010 she was considered the "biggest Powership of the world". The vessel is registered under the Liberian flag with homeport Monrovia. In November 2010 the Powership with 216 MW generation power set sail to Karachi, Pakistan also carrying

humanitarian aid Humanitarian aid is material and logistic assistance to people who need help. It is usually short-term help until the long-term help by the government and other institutions replaces it. Among the people in need are the homeless, refugees, and ...

for the victims of the

2010 Pakistan floods The floods in Pakistan began in late July 2010, resulting from heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab and, Balochistan regions of Pakistan, which affected the Indus River basin. Approximately one-fifth of Pakistan's tot ...

. She bridged electricity shortage supplying around 20% of the power demand of the 12-million population city of Karachi for a five-year term. The Powership burns heavy fuel oil (HFO), the only available energy resource in Pakistan. After serving in Pakistan, the Powership supplied electricity to Iraq.

Dispute

In March 2012 the Karadeniz Energy Group (Karkey) annulled the energy purchase agreement with the Pakistan National Accountability Bureau (NAB), which covered the service of the Turkish Powerships MV ''KPS Kaya Bey'' and the later stationed , due to non-payment and non-supply of oil. At the end of October 2012 the Pakistani government ordered the repayment of the unused amount of the deposit from the Turkish partner before the ships can leave. Upon a complaint filed by a politician in the Parliament of Pakistan, the Supreme Court of Pakistan ordered the seizure of the retained Powerships due to a fine of US$120 million demanded by the NAB. The case went to international arbitration on March 11, 2013. On May 16, 2014, after being retained for two years, MV KPS ''Kaya Bey'' sailed from Karachi to Dubai for repairs and maintenance, in compliance with an intermediate decision of the

International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) is an international arbitration institution established in 1966 for legal dispute resolution and conciliation between international investors and States. ICSID is part of ...

(ICSID). On August 1 the same year, a second decision of the ICSID enabled the definitive and lasting release of the Powership. The dispute was also discussed by both countries' prime ministers and state presidents. It was reported that the second Powership and two other vessels of the Turkish company were still in retainment by August 2014. Tribunal constituted under the World Bank’s arbitral center, ICSID, issued the award in August 2017 in favor of Karkey in the case filed by Karkey against Pakistan. Pakistan has been sentenced to pay the company one of the highest compensation amounts under ICSID.

Ship's registry

* ex-''El Amaan'' until 1991, * ex-''St Cergue'' until December 2000, * ex-''Kamari'' registered in Cyprus until May 2009.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karadeniz Powership Kaya Bey 1983 ships Bulk carriers Ships built in Brazil Ships of Liberia Kaya Bey Electric power infrastructure in Pakistan International disputes Pakistan–Turkey relations