Emanuel Friedrich Ludwig Fischer (31 January 1828,

Bern german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese , neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen , website ...

– 21 May 1907, Bern) was a Swiss

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

. He conducted research on both

phanerogam A spermatophyte (; ), also known as phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds, hence the alternative name seed plant. Spermatophytes are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. They inc ...

s and cryptogams, native to the

canton of Bern The canton of Bern or Berne (german: Kanton Bern; rm, Chantun Berna; french: canton de Berne; it, Canton Berna) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern, is also the ''de facto'' capital of Switzerland. ...

. He was the father of

mycologist Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungus, fungi, including their genetics, genetic and biochemistry, biochemical properties, their Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy and ethnomycology, their use to humans, including as a so ...

Eduard Fischer. He initially trained as a

pharmacist A pharmacist, also known as a chemist (Commonwealth English) or a druggist (North American and, archaically, Commonwealth English), is a healthcare professional who prepares, controls and distributes medicines and provides advice and instructi ...

, and later studied botany at the universities of

Jena Jena () is a German city and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants, while the city itself has a popu ...

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

and

Zürich Zürich () is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich. It is located in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zürich. As of January 2020, the municipality has 43 ...

. In 1860 he became an associate professor and director of the botanical gardens at Bern. From 1863 to 1897 he was a full professor of botany at the

University of Bern The University of Bern (german: Universität Bern, french: Université de Berne, la, Universitas Bernensis) is a university in the Switzerland, Swiss capital of Bern and was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the Canton of Bern. It ...

Selected works

* ''Taschenbuch der flora von Bern'', 1855 – Handbook on the flora of Bern. * ''Verzeichniss der phanerogamen und gefässkryptogamen des Berner-oberlandes und der umgebungen von Thun'', 1862 – Directory of phanerogams and vascular cryptogams of the Bernese Oberland and the environs of

Thun , neighboring_municipalities= Amsoldingen, Heiligenschwendi, Heimberg, Hilterfingen, Homberg, Schwendibach, Spiez, Steffisburg, Thierachern, Uetendorf, Zwieselberg , twintown = , website = www.thun.ch Thun (french: Thoune) ...

. * ''Der botanische garten in Bern : Gegründet 1860. Kurze Darstellung der Einrichtungen und der wichtigsten Pflanzen desselben'', 1866 – The botanical gardens in Bern: Established 1860. Summary of the facilities and its most important plants. * ''Flora von Bern. Systematische uebersicht der in der gegend von Bern wildwachsenden und allgemein cultivirten phanerogamen und gefässkryptogamen'', 1888 – Flora of Bern, etc.HathiTrust Digital Library
published works

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fischer, Ludwig 1828 births 1907 deaths Scientists from Bern Academic staff of the University of Bern University of Zurich alumni University of Jena alumni Humboldt University of Berlin alumni 19th-century Swiss botanists Bryologists Swiss pharmacists