List of cities founded by Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great founded, substantially re-established, or renamed numerous towns and cities.

Below are some of these cities (with present-day locations):

Modern Bulgaria
* Alexandropolis Maedica

Modern Turkey
* Alexandria by the Latmus, possibly Alinda
* Alexandria near Issus; İskenderun preserves the name, but probably not the exact site.
* Smyrna. According to the legend, after Alexander hunted on the Mount Pagus, he slept under a plane tree at the sanctuary of Nemesis. While he was sleeping, the goddess appeared and told him to found a city there and move into it the Smyrnaeans from the "old" city. The Smyrnaeans sent ambassadors to the oracle at Clarus to ask about this, and after the response from the oracle they decided to move to the "new" Smyrna.Pausanias, Description of Greece, 7.5
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Modern Syria
* Nikephorion, present day Raqqa. Isidore of Charax, in the Parthian Stations, wrote that it was a Greek city founded by Alexander the Great.

Modern Jordan
* Jerash, some sources claim that the city was founded by Alexander or soldiers of Alexander.
* Other cities in the region also claimed Alexander as their founder.

Modern Egypt
* Alexandria

Modern Iraq
* Alexandria in Susiana, later Charax Spasinu
* Alexandria of Mygdonia, probably in the area of ErbilThe Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, ALEXANDRIAN FOUNDATIONS Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Soviet Central Asia, India
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* Alexandria on the Pallakopas, on the Pallakopas canal near Babylon

Modern Iran
* Alexandria Carmania, potentially identified as the city of Gulashkird, Iran, now modern Faryab, Iran
* Sanābād, modern Mashhad, Khorāsān-e Razavī province, Iran.
* Alexandropolis in Parthia, unknown location.

Modern Tajikistan
* Alexandria Eschate, at or close to modern Khujand

Modern Uzbekistan
* Alexandria Tharmata, at or close to modern Termez

Modern Turkmenistan
* Alexandria in Margiana, formerly Merv

Modern Afghanistan
* Alexandria Ariana, now Herat
* Alexandria Prophthasia, perhaps Farah, Afghanistan
* Alexandria Arachosia, now Kandahar
* Alexandria Sakastene, at or close to modern Zaranj
* Alexandria in the Caucasus, now Bagram
* Alexandria on the Oxus or Alexandria Oxiana. Location unknown, tentatively identified with either Ai-Khanoum in Afghanistan or Kampir Tepe in Uzbekistan.
* Alexandria in Opiana, Ghazni
* Alexandria near Bactra, at or near Balkh
* Nikaia or Nicaea, at or near Jalalabad

Modern Pakistan
* Arigaeum, modern Nawagai, Bajaur
* Nicaea, somewhere in modern Punjab
* Alexandria Bucephalus (Bucephala), somewhere in modern Punjab. Maybe Phalia or Gujrat, Pakistan or Jalalpur Sharif.
* Alexandria on the Acesines, on or near the Acesines river (modern Chenab) in Pakistan.
* Alexandria on the Indus, possibly Uch.
* Alexandria of the Sogdoi, on the Indus river in Pakistan. Exact location unknown.
* Patala, unknown, possibly near Hyderabad, Sindh
* Xylinepolis, unknown, possibly near Hyderabad, Sindh
* Alexandria in Orietai or Alexandria Rhambacia, possibly Bela, Pakistan.
* Alexandria, possibly near modern Multan. There is some evidence this city may have been called Alexandria Soriana, located at modern-day Shorkot, Pakistan.
* Alexandrou Limen or Portus Macedonum, founded near the old Indian town of Patala at the mouth of the Indus river in Regio Patalis. May have been close to modern day Karachi.
* Rhambacia, after Alexander conquered the town of Rhambacia, he ordered Hephaestion to built a city, because he believed that a city there would become great and prosperous.
* Ora, after Alexander conquered the town Ora of the Oritians, he ordered Apollophanes to built a city.Arrian, Anabasis, 6.22
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Modern India
* Alexandria on the Hyphasis; In Punjab, India on the western bank of the Beas (Hyphasis) river.

See also

* Chronology of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia

References

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