This page is a list of popes by country of origin. They are listed in chronological order within each section. As the office of

pope The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...

has existed for almost two millennia, many of the countries of origin of popes no longer exist, and so they are grouped under their modern equivalents.

Overview

There have been 266 popes, of which: *217 from Italy *16 from France (

Pope Sylvester II Pope Sylvester II ( – 12 May 1003), originally known as Gerbert of Aurillac, was a French-born scholar and teacher who served as the bishop of Rome and ruled the Papal States from 999 to his death. He endorsed and promoted study of Arab and Gre ...

Pope Stephen IX Pope Stephen IX ( la, Stephanus, christened Frederick; c. 1020 – 29 March 1058) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 3 August 1057 to his death in 29 March 1058. He was a member of the Ardenne-Verdun family, ...

Pope Nicholas II Pope Nicholas II ( la, Nicholaus II; c. 990/995 – 27 July 1061), otherwise known as Gerard of Burgundy, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 January 1059 until his death in 27 July 1061. At the time of his ...

Pope Urban II Pope Urban II ( la, Urbanus II; – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for convening th ...

Pope Callistus II Pope Callixtus II or Callistus II ( – 13 December 1124), born Guy of Burgundy, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 February 1119 to his death in 1124. His pontificate was shaped by the Investiture Controversy, ...

Pope Urban IV Pope Urban IV ( la, Urbanus IV; c. 1195 – 2 October 1264), born Jacques Pantaléon, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 August 1261 to his death. He was not a cardinal; only a few popes since his time ha ...

Pope Clement IV Pope Clement IV ( la, Clemens IV; 23 November 1190 – 29 November 1268), born Gui Foucois ( la, Guido Falcodius; french: Guy de Foulques or ') and also known as Guy le Gros ( French for "Guy the Fat"; it, Guido il Grosso), was bishop of Le P ...

Pope Innocent V Pope Innocent V ( la, Innocentius V; c. 1225 – 22 June 1276), born Pierre de Tarentaise, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21 January to 22 June 1276. A member of the Order of Preachers, he acquired a reputatio ...

Pope Martin IV Pope Martin IV ( la, Martinus IV; c. 1210/1220 – 28 March 1285), born Simon de Brion, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1281 to his death on 28 March 1285. He was the last French pope to have ...

Pope Clement V Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...

Pope John XXII Pope John XXII ( la, Ioannes PP. XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death in December 1334. He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Pope, elected by ...

Pope Benedict XII Pope Benedict XII ( la, Benedictus XII, french: Benoît XII; 1285 – 25 April 1342), born Jacques Fournier, was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1334 to his death in April 1342. He was the third Avignon pope. Benedict was a careful p ...

Pope Clement VI Pope Clement VI ( la, Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was head of the Catholic Church from 7 May 1342 to his death in December 1352. He was the fourth Avignon pope. Clement reigned during the first visitation of the Bla ...

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( la, Innocentius VI; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in September 1362. He was the fifth Avignon pope a ...

Pope Urban V Pope Urban V ( la, Urbanus V; 1310 – 19 December 1370), born Guillaume de Grimoard, was the head of the Catholic Church from 28 September 1362 until his death in December 1370 and was also a member of the Order of Saint Benedict. He was the on ...

, and

Pope Gregory XI Pope Gregory XI ( la, Gregorius, born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope and the most recent French pope ...

) *6 from Germany (

Pope Gregory V Pope Gregory V ( la, Gregorius V; c. 972 – 18 February 999), born Bruno of Carinthia, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 3 May 996 to his death. A member of the Salian dynasty, he was made pope by his cousin, Emperor Ott ...

Pope Clement II Pope Clement II ( la, Clemens II; born Suidger von Morsleben; died 9 October 1047), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 December 1046 until his death in 1047. He was the first in a series of reform-minded popes f ...

Pope Damasus II Pope Damasus II (; died 9 August 1048, born Poppo de' Curagnoni) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 17 July 1048 to his death on 9 August that same year. He was the second of the German pontiffs nominated by E ...

Pope Leo IX Pope Leo IX (21 June 1002 – 19 April 1054), born Bruno von Egisheim-Dagsburg, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 February 1049 to his death in 1054. Leo IX is considered to be one of the most historically ...

Pope Victor II Pope Victor II (c. 1018 – 28 July 1057), born Gebhard of Dollnstein-Hirschberg, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 April 1055 until his death in 1057. Victor II was one of a series of German-born popes w ...

, and

Pope Benedict XVI Pope Benedict XVI ( la, Benedictus XVI; it, Benedetto XVI; german: link=no, Benedikt XVI.; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger, , on 16 April 1927) is a retired prelate of the Catholic church who served as the head of the Church and the sovereign ...

) *5 from the Byzantine Empire in modern-day Syria (

Pope Anicetus Pope Anicetus was the bishop of Rome from c. 157 to his death in April 168.Campbell, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anicetus" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company. According to the ''Annuario Pontificio'', the sta ...

Pope John V Pope John V ( la, Ioannes V; died 2 August 686) was the bishop of Rome from 23 July 685 to his death. He was the first pope of the Byzantine Papacy consecrated without prior imperial consent, and the first in a line of ten consecutive popes of ...

Pope Sisinnius Pope Sisinnius (c. 6504 February 708) was the bishop of Rome from 15 January 708 to his death. Sisinnius was born in Tyre (modern-day Lebanon), and his father's name was John. The paucity of donations to the papacy during his reign (42 pounds o ...

, Pope Constantine, and

Pope Gregory III Pope Gregory III ( la, Gregorius III; died 28 November 741) was the bishop of Rome from 11 February 731 to his death. His pontificate, like that of his predecessor, was disturbed by Byzantine iconoclasm and the advance of the Lombards, in which ...

) *4 from Greece (

Pope Anacletus Pope Anacletus (died ), also known as Cletus, was the bishop of Rome, following Peter and Linus. Anacletus served between and his death, . Cletus was a Roman who, during his tenure as pope, ordained a number of priests and is traditionally credi ...

Pope Hyginus Pope Hyginus was the bishop of Rome from 138 to his death in 142. Tradition holds that during his papacy he determined the various prerogatives of the clergy and defined the grades of the ecclesiastical hierarchy. Hyginus instituted godparents ...

Pope Eleutherius Pope Eleutherius (died 24 May 189), also known as Eleutherus, was the bishop of Rome from c. 174 to his death. His pontificate is alternatively dated to 171-185 or 177-193. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church. He is linked to a numbe ...

, and

Pope Sixtus II Pope Sixtus II ( el, Πάπας Σίξτος Β΄), also written as Pope Xystus II, was bishop of Rome from 31 August 257 until his death on 6 August 258. He was martyred along with seven deacons, including Lawrence of Rome, during the persecutio ...

) *3 from the Holy Land in modern-day Israel ( Pope Peter,

Pope Evaristus Pope Evaristus was the bishop of Rome from 99 to his death 107. He was also known as Aristus and is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Catholic Church, and Oriental Orthodoxy. It is likely that John the Apostle died during ...

, and

Pope Theodore I Pope Theodore I ( la, Theodorus I; died 14 May 649) was the bishop of Rome from 24 November 642 to his death. His pontificate was dominated by the struggle with Monothelitism. Early career According to the ''Liber Pontificalis'', Theodore was a ...

) *3 from

Africa proconsularis Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

western

Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...

, Tunisia, eastern

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

(

Pope Victor I Pope Victor I (died 199) was the bishop of Rome in the late second century (189–199 A.D.). The dates of his tenure are uncertain, but one source states he became pope in 189 and gives the year of his death as 199.Kirsch, Johann Peter (1912). "Po ...

Pope Miltiades Pope Miltiades ( grc-gre, Μιλτιάδης, ''Miltiádēs''), also known as Melchiades the African ( ''Melkhiádēs ho Aphrikanós''), was the bishop of Rome from 311 to his death on 10 or 11 January 314. It was during his pontificate that Emp ...

Pope Gelasius I Pope Gelasius I was the bishop of Rome from 1 March 492 to his death on 19 November 496. Gelasius was a prolific author whose style placed him on the cusp between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages.The title of his biography by Walter Ullma ...

) *2 from Dalmatia in modern-day Croatia (

Pope Caius Pope Caius (died 22 April 296), also called Gaius, was the bishop of Rome from 17 December 283 to his death in 296. Little information on Caius is available except that given by the ''Liber Pontificalis'', which relies on a legendary account of t ...

and

Pope John IV Pope John IV ( la, Ioannes IV; died 12 October 642) was the bishop of Rome from 24 December 640 to his death. His election followed a four-month vacancy. He wrote to the clergy of Ireland and Scotland to tell them of the mistakes they were maki ...

) *2 from Spain (

Pope Callixtus III Pope Callixtus III ( it, Callisto III, va, Calixt III, es, Calixto III; 31 December 1378 – 6 August 1458), born Alfonso de Borgia ( va, Alfons de Borja), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 April 1455 to his ...

and

Pope Alexander VI Pope Alexander VI ( it, Alessandro VI, va, Alexandre VI, es, Alejandro VI; born Rodrigo de Borja; ca-valencia, Roderic Llançol i de Borja ; es, Rodrigo Lanzol y de Borja, lang ; 1431 – 18 August 1503) was head of the Catholic Churc ...

) *2 from Portugal (

Pope Damasus I Pope Damasus I (; c. 305 – 11 December 384) was the bishop of Rome from October 366 to his death. He presided over the Council of Rome of 382 that determined the canon or official list of sacred scripture. He spoke out against major heresies ( ...

and

Pope John XXI Pope John XXI ( la, Ioannes XXI; – 20 May 1277), born Pedro Julião ( la, Petrus Iulianus), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 September 1276 to his death on 20 May 1277. Apart from Damasus I (from ...

) *2 from

Anatolia Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

in modern-day Turkey (

Pope Conon Pope Conon (died 21 September 687) was the bishop of Rome from 21 October 686 to his death. He had been put forward as a compromise candidate, there being a conflict between the two factions resident in Rome — the military and the clerical. He ...

and

Pope John VI :''Pope John VI can also refer to Pope John VI of Alexandria.'' Pope John VI ( la, Ioannes VI; 65511 January 705) was the bishop of Rome from 30 October 701 to his death. John VI was a Greek from Ephesus who reigned during the Byzantine Papacy. H ...

) *1 from England (

Pope Adrian IV Pope Adrian IV ( la, Adrianus IV; born Nicholas Breakspear (or Brekespear); 1 September 1159, also Hadrian IV), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159. He is the only Englishman t ...

) *1 from the Netherlands (

Pope Adrian VI Pope Adrian VI ( la, Hadrianus VI; it, Adriano VI; nl, Adrianus/Adriaan VI), born Adriaan Florensz Boeyens (2 March 1459 – 14 September 1523), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 January 1522 until his d ...

) *1 from

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

(

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

) *1 from

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

(

Pope Francis Pope Francis ( la, Franciscus; it, Francesco; es, link=, Francisco; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, 17 December 1936) is the head of the Catholic Church. He has been the bishop of Rome and sovereign of the Vatican City State since 13 March 2013. ...

)

Statistics table

Popes from the Roman and Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Italy

Pope Pelagius I Pope Pelagius I (died 4 March 561) was the bishop of Rome from 556 to his death. A former ''apocrisiarius'' to Constantinople, Pelagius I was elected pope as the candidate of Emperor Justinian I, a designation not well received in the Western Ch ...

(556–561) *

Pope John III Pope John III ( la, Ioannes III; died 13 July 574), born Catelinus, was the bishop of Rome from 17 July 561 to his death. Family Catelinus was born in Rome to a distinguished family. His father, Anastasius, was a ''vir illustris'', a high-rank ...

(561–574) *

Pope Pelagius II Pope Pelagius II (died 7 February 590) was the bishop of Rome from 26 November 579 to his death. Life Pelagius was a native of Rome, but probably of Ostrogothic descent, as his father's name was Winigild. Pelagius became Pope Benedict I's succes ...

(579–590) *

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

(590–604) *

Pope Sabinian Pope Sabinian ( la, Sabinianus, died 22 February 606) was the bishop of Rome from 13 September 604 to his death. His pontificate occurred during the Eastern Roman domination of the papacy. He was the fourth former '' apocrisiarius'' to Constant ...

(604–606) *

Pope Boniface III Pope Boniface III ( la, Bonifatius III; died 12 November 607) was the bishop of Rome from 19 February 607 to his death. Despite his short pontificate, he made a significant contribution to the Catholic Church. Early career The son of John Cataa ...

(607) *

Pope Boniface IV Pope Boniface IV ( la, Bonifatius IV; 550 – 8 May 615) was the bishop of Rome from 608 to his death. Boniface had served as a deacon under Pope Gregory I, and like his mentor, he ran the Lateran Palace as a monastery. As pope, he encouraged m ...

(608–615) *

Pope Adeodatus I Pope Adeodatus I (570 – 8 November 618), also called Deodatus I or Deusdedit, was the bishop of Rome from 19 October 615 to his death. He was the first priest to be elected pope since John II in 533. The first use of lead seals or '' bullae'' ...

(615–618) *

Pope Boniface V Pope Boniface V ( la, Bonifatius V; died 25 October 625) was the bishop of Rome from 23 December 619 to his death. He did much for the Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England, and enacted the decree by which churches became places of sanctuary. ...

(619–625) *

Pope Honorius I Pope Honorius I (died 12 October 638) was the bishop of Rome from 27 October 625 to his death. He was active in spreading Christianity among Anglo-Saxons and attempted to convince the Celts to calculate Easter in the Roman fashion. He is chiefl ...

(625–638) *

Pope Severinus Pope Severinus (died 2 August 640) was the bishop of Rome elected in October 638. He was caught up in a power struggle with Emperor Heraclius, who pressured him to accept Monothelitism. Severinus refused, which for over eighteen months hindered ...

(636–640) *

Pope Martin I Pope Martin I ( la, Martinus I, el, Πάπας Μαρτίνος; between 590 and 600 – 16 September 655), also known as Martin the Confessor, was the bishop of Rome from 21 July 649 to his death 16 September 655. He served as Pope Theodore I's ...

(649–653) *

Pope Eugene I Pope Eugene I ( la, Eugenius I; died 2 June 657) was the bishop of Rome from 10 August 654 to his death. He was chosen to become Pope after the deposition and banishment of Martin I by Emperor Constans II over the dispute about Monothelitism. ...

(654–657) *

Pope Vitalian Pope Vitalian ( la, Vitalianus; died 27 January 672) was the bishop of Rome from 30 July 657 to his death. His pontificate was marked by the dispute between the papacy and the imperial government in Constantinople over Monothelitism, which Rome ...

(657–672) *

Pope Adeodatus II Pope Adeodatus II (c.621–17 June 676), sometimes called Deodatus, was the bishop of Rome from 672 to his death. He devoted much of his papacy to improving churches and fighting Monothelism. Rise Born in Rome in c.621, Adeodatus was the son of a ...

(672–676) *

Pope Donus Pope Donus (died on 11 April 678) was the bishop of Rome from 676 to his death. Few details survive about him or his achievements beyond what is recorded in the '' Liber Pontificalis''. Election Donus was the son of a Roman named Maurice. He be ...

(676–678) *

Pope Agatho Pope Agatho (died January 681) served as the bishop of Rome from 27 June 678 until his death. He heard the appeal of Wilfrid of York, who had been displaced from his see by the division of the archdiocese ordered by Theodore of Canterbury. Du ...

(678–681) *

Pope Leo II Pope Leo II ( – 28 June 683) was the bishop of Rome from 17 August 682 to his death. He is one of the popes of the Byzantine Papacy. Described by a contemporary biographer as both just and learned, he is commemorated as a saint in the Roman Ma ...

(682–683) *

Pope Benedict I Pope Benedict I ( la, Benedictus I; died 30 July 579) was the bishop of Rome from 2 June 575 to his death. Benedict was the son of a man named Boniface, and was called Bonosus by the Greeks. The ravages of the Lombards rendered it very difficul ...

(575–579) *

Pope Benedict II Pope Benedict II ( la, Benedictus II) was the bishop of Rome from 26 June 684 to his death. Pope Benedict II's feast day is 8 May. Early life Benedict was born in Rome. It is possible that he was a member of the Savelli family, though this is n ...

(684–685) *

Pope Sergius I Pope Sergius I (8 September 701) was the bishop of Rome from 15 December 687 to his death, and is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. He was elected at a time when two rivals, Paschal and Theodore, were locked in dispute about wh ...

(687–701) *

Pope Gregory II Pope Gregory II ( la, Gregorius II; 669 – 11 February 731) was the bishop of Rome from 19 May 715 to his death.

(715–731) *

Pope Zachary Pope Zachary ( la, Zacharias; 679 – March 752) was the bishop of Rome from 28 November 741 to his death. He was the last pope of the Byzantine Papacy. Zachary built the original church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, forbade the traffic of slav ...

(741–752) *

Pope Stephen III Pope Stephen III ( la, Stephanus III; died 1 February 772) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 7 August 768 to his death. Stephen was a Benedictine monk who worked in the Lateran Palace during the reign of Pope Zachary. I ...

(768–772) * Pope Stephen II (752–757) *

Pope Stephen IV Pope Stephen IV ( la, Stephanus IV; c. 770 – 24 January 817) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from June 816 to his death.Pope Conon Pope Conon (died 21 September 687) was the bishop of Rome from 21 October 686 to his death. He had been put forward as a compromise candidate, there being a conflict between the two factions resident in Rome — the military and the clerical. He ...

(686–687)

Greeks

Pope Telesphorus Pope Telesphorus was the bishop of Rome from 126 to his death 137, during the reigns of Roman Emperors Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He was of Greek ancestry and born in Terranova da Sibari, :it:Papa Telesforo Calabria, Italy. The Carmelites ve ...

(126–137) *

(c. 138 – c. 140) *

Pope Eleuterus Pope Eleutherius (died 24 May 189), also known as Eleutherus, was the bishop of Rome from c. 174 to his death. His pontificate is alternatively dated to 171-185 or 177-193. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church. He is linked to a numbe ...

(174/175–189) *

Pope Anterus Pope Anterus (, ,) was the bishop of Rome from 21 November 235 until his death on 3 January 236.Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Life Anterus was the son of Ro ...

(235–236) *

(257–258) *

Pope Dionysius Pope Dionysius was the bishop of Rome from 22 July 259 to his death on 26 December 268. His task was to reorganize the Roman church, after the persecutions of Emperor Valerian I and the edict of toleration by his successor Gallienus. He also h ...

(259–268) *

Pope Zosimus Pope Zosimus was the bishop of Rome from 18 March 417 to his death on 26 December 418. He was born in Mesoraca, Calabria. Zosimus took a decided part in the protracted dispute in Gaul as to the jurisdiction of the See of Arles over that of Vienne ...

(417–418) *

(701–705) *

Pope John VII Pope John VII ( la, Ioannes VII; c. 650 – 18 October 707) was the bishop of Rome from 1 March 705 to his death. He was an ethnic Greek, one of the Byzantine popes, but had better relations with the Lombards, who ruled much of Italy, than with ...

(705–707)

Lusitania Province

Lusitania corresponds to present-day #Portugal. *

(366–384)

Roman Africa

These popes are from the Roman province of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

, which corresponds to the coastal parts of

Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...

and

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

. *

(189–199) *

(311–314) *

(492–496)

Roman and Byzantine Syria

(c. 154–167) *

(685–686) *

(708) * Pope Constantine (708–715) *

(731–741)

Roman Dalmatia

Dalmatia was at the time part of the

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...

and

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

s. It is now part of the modern

Republic of Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

. *

(283–296) *

(640–642)

Roman Galilee and Iudaea Province

Saint Peter Saint Peter; he, שמעון בר יונה, Šimʿōn bar Yōnāh; ar, سِمعَان بُطرُس, translit=Simʿa̅n Buṭrus; grc-gre, Πέτρος, Petros; cop, Ⲡⲉⲧⲣⲟⲥ, Petros; lat, Petrus; ar, شمعون الصفـا, Sham'un ...

(c. 30 – c. 67); a native of

Bethsaida Bethsaida (; from gr, Βηθσαϊδά from Hebrew/Aramaic ''beth-tsaida'', lit. " house of hunting" from the Hebrew root ; ar, بيت صيدا), also known as Julias, is a place mentioned in the New Testament. Julias lay in an administrative d ...

, in the modern

Golan Heights The Golan Heights ( ar, هَضْبَةُ الْجَوْلَانِ, Haḍbatu l-Jawlān or ; he, רמת הגולן, ), or simply the Golan, is a region in the Levant spanning about . The region defined as the Golan Heights differs between di ...

(c. 99 – c. 107); a native of

Bethlehem Bethlehem (; ar, بيت لحم ; he, בֵּית לֶחֶם '' '') is a city in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem. Its population is approximately 25,000,Amara, 1999p. 18.Brynen, 2000p. 202. and it is the capital o ...

, in the modern

West Bank The West Bank ( ar, الضفة الغربية, translit=aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; he, הגדה המערבית, translit=HaGadah HaMaʽaravit, also referred to by some Israelis as ) is a landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediter ...

(642–649); a native of

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

Roman Italy

Pope Linus Pope Linus (, , ''Linos''; died c. AD 76) was the bishop of Rome from c. AD 67 to his death. As with all the early popes, he was canonized. According to Irenaeus, Linus is the same person as the one mentioned in the New Testament. Linus is ment ...

(64/67(?)–76/79 (?)) *

(76/79(?)–88) *

Pope Clement I Pope Clement I ( la, Clemens Romanus; Greek: grc, Κλήμης Ῥώμης, Klēmēs Rōmēs) ( – 99 AD) was bishop of Rome in the late first century AD. He is listed by Irenaeus and Tertullian as the bishop of Rome, holding office from 88 AD t ...

(88/92–97/101) *

Pope Alexander I Pope Alexander I (c. 75-80 AD - c. 115) was the bishop of Rome from c. 107 to his death c. 115. The Holy See's ''Annuario Pontificio'' (2012) identifies him as a Early centers of Christianity#Rome, Roman who reigned from 108 or 109 to 116 or 119. ...

(c.106–c.115) *

Pope Sixtus I Pope Sixtus I (42 – 124/126/128), also spelled Xystus, a Roman of Greek descent, was the bishop of Rome from c. 115 to his death. He succeeded Alexander I and was in turn succeeded by Telesphorus. His feast is celebrated on 6 April. Name The ...

(117/119(?)–126/128(?) *

Pope Pius I Pope Pius I was the bishop of Rome from 140 to his death 154, according to the ''Annuario Pontificio''. His dates are listed as 142 or 146 to 157 or 161, respectively. He is considered to have opposed both the Valentinians and Gnostics during h ...

(c. 140 – c. 154) *

Pope Soter Pope Soter ( la, Soterius) was the bishop of Rome from 167 to his death in 174.Chapman, John (1908). "Caius and Soter, Saints and Popes" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company. According to the ''Annuario Pon ...

(c. 166 – 174/175) *

Pope Zephyrinus Pope Zephyrinus was the bishop of Rome from 199 to his death on 20 December 217. He was born in Rome, and succeeded Victor I. Upon his death on 20 December 217, he was succeeded by his principal advisor, Callixtus I. He is known for combating h ...

(199–217) *

Pope Callixtus I Pope Callixtus I, also called Callistus I, was the bishop of Rome (according to Sextus Julius Africanus) from c. 218 to his death c. 222 or 223.Chapman, John (1908). "Pope Callistus I" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Ap ...

(c. 217 – 222) *

Pope Pontian Pope Pontian ( la, Pontianus; died October 235) was the bishop of Rome from 21 July 230 to 28 September 235.Kirsch, Johann Peter (1911). "Pope St. Pontian" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company. In 235, duri ...

(230–235) *Pope Urban I (222–230) *Pope Fabian (236–250) *Pope Cornelius (251–253) *Pope Lucius I (253–254) *Pope Stephen I (254–257) *Pope Felix I (269–274) *Pope Marcellinus (296–304?) *Pope Marcellus I (308–309) *Pope Sylvester I (314–335) *Pope Mark (336) *Pope Julius I (337–352) *Pope Liberius (352–366) *Pope Siricius (384–399) *Pope Anastasius I (399–401) *Pope Innocent I (401–417) *Pope Boniface I (418–422) *Pope Celestine I (422–432) *Pope Sixtus III (432–440) *Pope Leo I (440–461) *Pope Hilarius (461–468) *Pope Simplicius (468–483) *Pope Felix III (483–492) *Pope Anastasius II (396–398) *Pope Symmachus (498–514) *Pope Silverius (536–537)

Roman Sardinia

*Pope Eusebius (309/310) *

(685–686) *

(708) * Pope Constantine (708–715) *

(731–741)

Popes by nationality

The concept of nationality only arose during the Middle Ages.

Argentina

(2013–present)

England

England is part of the modern United Kingdom. *

(1154–1159)

France

French is the most common non-Italy, Italian papal ancestry. Seventeen

s have had France, French ancestry, all in the second half of the medieval era. The seven popes of the Avignon Papacy were French and are bolded. Since the end of the Avignon Papacy, no French person has been elected pope.

Kingdom of France (medieval)

*Pope Silvester II (999–1003): Gerbert of Aurillac *

(1088–1099): Otho of Lagery (or Otto or Odo) *

(1261–1264): Jacques Pantaléon *

(1265–1268): Guy Foulques *

(1281–1285): Simon de Brie *

(1305–1314): Bertrand de Got *

(1316–1334): Jacques d'Euse *

(1334–1342): Jacques Fournier *

(1342–1352): Pierre Roger *

(1352–1362): Stephen Aubert *

(1362–1370): Guillaume de Grimoard *

(1370–1378): Pierre Roger de Beaufort

Holy Roman Empire

(1049–1054) ''(Alsace, Duchy of Swabia''): Bruno, Count of Dagsbourg *

(1057–1058) ''(Duchy of Lorraine)'': Frederick of Lorraine *

(1059–1061) ''(Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles, Kingdom of Burgundy)'': Gerard of Burgundy *Pope Callixtus II (1119–1124) ''(County of Burgundy)'': Guido of Vienne *

(1276) ''(Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles, Kingdom of Arles)'': Pierre de Tarentaise

Germany

Holy Roman Empire

(996–999) ''(Duchy of Saxony)'' *

(1046–1047) ''(Duchy of Saxony)'' *

(1048) ''(Duchy of Bavaria)'' *

(1055–1057) ''(Duchy of Swabia)''

Federal Republic of Germany

(2005–2013)

Italian peninsula

Ostrogothic Kingdom

*Pope Hormisdas (514–523) *Pope John I (523–526) *Pope Felix IV (526–530) *Pope Boniface II (530–532) *Pope John II (533–535) *Pope Agapetus I (535–536) *Pope Vigilius (537–555)

Papal States

*Pope Paul I (757–767) *Pope Adrian I (772–795) *Pope Leo III (795–816) *Pope Paschal I (817–824) *Pope Eugene II (824–827) *Pope Valentine (827) *Pope Gregory IV (827–844) *Pope Sergius II (844–847) *Pope Leo IV (847–855) *Pope Benedict III (855–858) *Pope Nicholas I (858–867) *Pope Adrian II (867–872) *Pope John VIII (872–882) *Pope Marinus I (882–884) *Pope Adrian III (884–885) *Pope Stephen V (885–891) *Pope Formosus (891–896) *Pope Boniface VI (896) *Pope Stephen VI (896–897) *Pope Romanus (897) *Pope Theodore II (897) *Pope John IX (898–900) *Pope Benedict IV (900–903) *Pope Leo V (903) *Pope Sergius III (904–911) *Pope Anastasius III (911–913) *Pope Lando (913–914) *Pope John X (914–928) *Pope Leo VI (928) *Pope Stephen VII (928–931) *Pope John XI (931–935) *Pope Leo VII (936–939) *Pope Marinus II (942–946) *Pope Agapetus II (946–955) *Pope John XII (955–964) *Pope Benedict V (964) *Pope Leo VIII (963–965) *Pope John XIII (965–972) *Pope Benedict VI (973–974) *Pope Benedict VII (974–983) *Pope John XV (985–996) *Pope John XVII (1003) *Pope John XVIII (1004–1009) *Pope Sergius IV (1009–1012) *Pope Benedict VIII (1012–1024) *Pope John XIX (1024–1032) *Pope Benedict IX (1032–1048) *Pope Sylvester III (1045) *Pope Gregory VI (1045–1046) *Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085) *Pope Victor III (1086–1087) *Pope Paschal II (1099–1118) *Pope Gelasius II (1118–1119) *Pope Honorius II (1124–1130) *Pope Innocent II (1130–1143) *Pope Celestine II (1143–1144) *Pope Lucius II (1144–1145) *Pope Eugene III (1145–1153) *Pope Anastasius IV (1153–1154) *Pope Alexander III (1159–1181) *Pope Lucius III (1181–1185) *Pope Gregory VIII (1187) *Pope Clement III (1187–1191) *Pope Celestine III (1191–1198) *Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) *Pope Honorius III (1216–1227) *Pope Gregory IX (1227–1241) *Pope Celestine IV (1241) *Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261) *Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) *Pope Nicholas III (1277–1280) *Pope Honorius IV (1285–1287) *Pope Nicholas IV (1288–1292) *Pope Celestine V (1294) *Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) *Pope Benedict XI (1303–1304) *Pope Urban VI (1378–1389) *Pope Boniface IX (1389–1404) *Pope Martin V (1417–1431) *Pope Nicholas V (1447–1455) *Pope Pius II (1458–1464) *Pope Paul II (1464–1471) *Pope Sixtus IV (1471–1484) *Pope Innocent VIII (1484–1492) *Pope Pius III (1503) *Pope Julius II (1503–1513) *Pope Paul III (1534–1549) *Pope Julius III (1550–1555) *Pope Marcellus II (1555) *Pope Paul IV (1555–1559) *Pope Pius IV (1559–1565) *Pope Pius V (1566–1572) *Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585) *Pope Sixtus V (1585–1590) *Pope Urban VII (1590) *Pope Gregory XIV (1590–1591) *Pope Innocent IX (1591) *Pope Paul V (1605–1621) *Pope Gregory XV (1621–1623) *Pope Innocent X (1644–1655) *Pope Alexander VII (1655–1667) *Pope Clement IX (1667–1669) *Pope Clement X (1670–1676) *Pope Innocent XI (1676–1689) *Pope Innocent XII (1691–1700) *Pope Clement XI (1700–1721) *Pope Innocent XIII (1721–1724) *Pope Benedict XIII (1724–1730) *Pope Benedict XIV (1740–1758) *Pope Clement XIII (1758–1769) *Pope Clement XIV (1769–1774) *Pope Pius VI (1775–1799) *Pope Pius VII (1800–1823) *Pope Leo XII (1823–1829) *Pope Pius VIII (1829–1830) *Pope Gregory XVI (1831–1846) *Pope Pius IX (1846–1878) *Pope Leo XIII (1878–1903)

Italy in the Holy Roman Empire

*Pope John XIV (983–984) *Pope Alexander II (1061–1073) *Pope Urban III (1185–1187)

Republic of Genoa

*Pope Innocent IV (1243–1254) *Pope Adrian V (1276) *Pope Innocent VII (1404–1406)

Republic of Venice

*Pope Gregory XII (1406–1415) *Pope Eugene IV (1431–1447) *Pope Alexander VIII (1689–1691)

Republic of Florence/Duchy of Florence/Grand Duchy of Tuscany

*Pope Eutychian (275–283) *Pope Leo X (1513–1521) *Pope Clement VII (1523–1534) *Pope Clement VIII (1592–1605) *Pope Leo XI (1605) *Pope Urban VIII (1623–1644) *Pope Clement XII (1730–1740)

Kingdom of Italy (modern) and Italian Republic

*Pope Pius X (1903–1914) *Pope Benedict XV (1914–1922) *Pope Pius XI (1922–1939) *Pope Pius XII (1939–1958) *Pope John XXIII (1958–1963) *Pope Paul VI (1963–1978) *Pope John Paul I (1978)

Netherlands

Holy Roman Empire

(1522–1523) ''(Bishopric of Utrecht)''

Poland

(1978–2005)

Portugal

(1276–1277) (''Portugal in the Middle Ages, Kingdom of Portugal'')

Spain

Valencia

The Kingdom of Valencia was then part of the possessions of the Crown of Aragon; it is now part of modern Spain. *

(1455–1458) *

(1492–1503)

Bibliography

* * ''The Incredible Book of Vatican Facts and Papal Curiosities – a treasury of trivia'', Gramercy Books, New York, 1998

References

External links

* at ''The Guardian'' * {{cite web, url= http://www.rcadena.net/popes.htm, archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20020415034805/http://www.rcadena.net/popes.htm, archive-date= April 15, 2002, title= Lista de los Papas: y comentarios triviales., translator1= R. Cadena Cepeda, website=rcadena.net, access-date= Aug 13, 2018, language= es, quotation= San Pedro (32 AD-67). Judío, Pescador. Nació en 4 A.C. Casado, con una hija: Petronila. Nombre arameo: Simón Bar- Jona., url-status= live * The list of popes is based on the following bibliography: # "Crónica de los Papas": of P.G. Maxwell Stuart, # "Vatican facts": of Nino Lo Bello, # "Saints and Sinners": of historian Eamon Duffy # ''Liber Pontificalis'' Popes by nationality, Lists of Catholic popes, Country