Lucien Tronchet (1902–1982) was a Swiss anarcho-syndicalist activist. An emblematic figure of trade unionism in Geneva, he took action alongside Italian

anti-fascist Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were ...

refugees and Spanish libertarians during the Spanish Civil War. A convinced antimilitarist, he spent two times, in 1920 and 1940, in prison for "refusing to serve" in the

Swiss Army The Swiss Armed Forces (german: Schweizer Armee, french: Armée suisse, it, Esercito svizzero, rm, Armada svizra; ) operates on land and in the air, serving as the primary armed forces of Switzerland. Under the country's militia system, re ...

Biography

He began to work at a very young age as an apprentice baker in Grenchen ( Solothurn), before working in the building industry in Geneva.

Revolutionary syndicalist

In 1922, a conscientious objector, he was sentenced to 20 days in detention. It was at this time that he became friends with Luigi Bertoni, one of the major figures of the libertarian movement in

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

, who published '' Le Réveil anarchiste'', in Geneva, from 1900 to 1946. The same year, he founded, with five members of the group of the newspaper ''Le Réveil anarchiste'', the "Autonomous Syndicate of Masons and Maneuvers" before joining the Federation of Wood and Building Workers (FOBB, member of the

Union Syndicale Suisse The Swiss Trade Union Federation (, SGB; ; , USS) is the largest national trade union center in Switzerland. History The federation was founded in 1880 and represents 361,000 members in its affiliated unions (2015). The SGB has close ties with ...

), while remaining a member of the autonomous union. On May 19, 1928 a wildcat strike broke out in the building sector. Led by Tronchet and Clovis-Abel Pignat, it lasted 15 days, and the bosses gave in to the demands of the reduction of working time, the

minimum wage A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their employees—the price floor below which employees may not sell their labor. Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century. Bec ...

, etc. In the 1930s, he was one of the leaders of the Building Action League, practicing

direct action Direct action originated as a political activist term for economic and political acts in which the actors use their power (e.g. economic or physical) to directly reach certain goals of interest, in contrast to those actions that appeal to oth ...

against the bosses.

Antifascist and antimilitarist

FamilyGraveLucienTronchet-CemeteryOfCarouge RomanDeckert02022022

During the 1920s, he supported the Italian anti-fascist resistance with the help of his comrade Clovis-Abel Pignat, whose biography he wrote a few years later. During the Geneva fusillade of 9 November 1932, the army fired on an

demonstration, leaving 13 dead and 65 wounded. Pierre Tronchet, the brother of Lucien, was injured. Wanted for organizing this unauthorized demonstration, he fled to Paris with his brother, whom he released from the hospital with a comrade. Their trial took place on May 15, 1933: the two brothers, returned to Switzerland, presented themselves freely at the hearing. The trial ended with a dismissal. On March 6, 1940, during the mobilization, he was again condemned as a "conscientious objector" to 8 months in prison and 5 years of deprivation of civil rights, and to three months more for a leaflet accusing the judges of bias and of common interests with employers. Released from prison on February 19, 1941, he gradually moved away from the anarchist movement, taking over the reins of the Geneva FOBB, organizing strikes and construction sites to avoid the militarization of the unemployed.

Spanish revolution

In August 1936, during the Spanish Revolution of 1936, he supported the libertarians of the National Confederation of Labor (CNT) by disseminating information but also by action by founding the “Adelante” group which sent arms, money and supplies to Spanish anarcho-syndicalists. In October 1936, he went to Spain himself with Luigi Bertoni. In 1937, he contributed to the creation of the Iberian Office for Economic Expansion (OIDEE), which linked agricultural collectives in Spain with

consumer cooperatives A consumers' co-operative is an enterprise owned by consumers and managed democratically and that aims at fulfilling the needs and aspirations of its members. Such co-operatives operate within the market system, independently of the state, as a fo ...

. He was also commissioned by the International Federation of Trade Unions to supply machine tools to Republican Spain. After the war, he continued his work as a trade union activist, also fought for the right to abortion, anti-militarism, the creation of cooperatives, etc. In 1978, he supported the Geneva squatters movement. In 1978, he founded in Geneva, the College of Work, “Foundation for the memory and the history of the world of work”.

Publications

* With Luigi Bertoni, ''Face à la guerre... devant le tribunal militaire de la Première Division, à Lausanne, le 16 mars 1940'', Éditions Germinal, Geneva, 1940. * ''Un homme dans la Mêlée sociale. Louis Bertoni, pour son 70e anniversaire'', Geneva 1942. * ''1922–1942, 20e anniversaire de l’union FOBB, les batailles syndicalistes des bâtisseurs à Genève'', Geneva 1943. * ''Cent ans de lutte des gars du bâtiment à Genève'' suivi de ''La semaine de cinq jours'', Geneva 1948. * ''Les actions héroïques des gars du bâtiment'', FOBB, Geneva 1954. * ''Clovis Pignat'', une vocation syndicale internationale, Lausanne, Éditions du Grand-Pont, 1971, . * ''Combats pour la dignité ouvrière'', Geneva, Grounauer, 1979.

References

Bibliography and sources

Articles

*, Genève, Éditions d’en bas, Collège du travail, 2015. ** ** * * *

Radio

* Jacques Bofford, ''Lucien Tronchet'', En questions, Radio télévision suisse, 28 janvier 1980, écouter en ligne
/small>. * Lison Méric, ''9 novembre 1932'', Je me souviens, Radio télévision suisse, 9 août 2006, écouter en ligne
/small>. {{DEFAULTSORT:Tronchet, Lucien Swiss anarchists Swiss trade unionists Swiss conscientious objectors 1902 births 1982 deaths