The Lords of
Verona
Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Northern Italy, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and the ...
ruled the city from 1260 until 19 October 1387 and for ten days in 1404. The lordship was created when
Mastino I della Scala Mastino I della Scala (died 26 October 1277), born Leonardo or Leonardino, was an Italian '' condottiero,'' who founded the Scaliger house of Lords of Verona.
The son of Jacopino della Scala, he was ''podestà'' of Cerea in 1259, and then ''podes ...
was raised to the rank of ''
capitano del popolo
Captain of the People ( it, Capitano del popolo, Lombard: ''Capitani del Popol'') was an administrative title used in Italy during the Middle Ages, established essentially to balance the power and authority of the noble families of the Italian ci ...
'' from that of ''
podestà
Podestà (, English: Potestate, Podesta) was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of Central and Northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a city ...
''. His descendants, the
Scaliger
The Della Scala family, whose members were known as Scaligeri () or Scaligers (; from the Latinized ''de Scalis''), was the ruling family of Verona and mainland Veneto (except for Venice) from 1262 to 1387, for a total of 125 years.
History
Wh ...
, all
Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalr ...
, ruled the city and its vicinity as a hereditary seigniory for a century and a half, during which the city experienced its golden age.
{, class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center"
, -
! Signore
! colspan=2 , Rule
! Affiliation
! Notes(s)
, -
,
Mastino I della Scala Mastino I della Scala (died 26 October 1277), born Leonardo or Leonardino, was an Italian '' condottiero,'' who founded the Scaliger house of Lords of Verona.
The son of Jacopino della Scala, he was ''podestà'' of Cerea in 1259, and then ''podes ...
, 1259
, 1277
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, ''
Podestà
Podestà (, English: Potestate, Podesta) was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of Central and Northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a city ...
'' of Verona
Elected ''
signore
A signoria () was the governing authority in many of the Italian city states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods.
The word signoria comes from ''signore'' , or "lord"; an abstract noun meaning (roughly) "government; governing authority; ...
'' in 1262
, -
,
Alberto I della Scala
Alberto I della Scala (died 3 September 1301) was lord of Verona from 1277, a member of the Scaliger family.
The son of Jacopino della Scala, he was ''podestà'' of Mantua in 1272 and 1275. In 1277, after the assassination of his brother Mastino I ...
, 1277
, 1301
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Former ''
Podestà
Podestà (, English: Potestate, Podesta) was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of Central and Northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a city ...
'' of
Mantua
Mantua ( ; it, Mantova ; Lombard language, Lombard and la, Mantua) is a city and ''comune'' in Lombardy, Italy, and capital of the Province of Mantua, province of the same name.
In 2016, Mantua was designated as the Italian Capital of Culture ...
Brother of Mastino I
First hereditary ''
signore
A signoria () was the governing authority in many of the Italian city states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods.
The word signoria comes from ''signore'' , or "lord"; an abstract noun meaning (roughly) "government; governing authority; ...
''
, -
,
Bartolomeo I della Scala Bartolomeo I della Scala (died 7 or 8 March 1304) was lord of Verona from 1301, a member of the Scaliger family and protector of Dante during his exile from Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city ...
, 1301
, 1304
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Alberto I
, -
,
Alboino della Scala
, 1304
, 1311
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Alberto I
, -
,
Cangrande I della Scala
Cangrande (christened Can Francesco) della Scala (9 March 1291 – 22 July 1329) was an Italian nobleman, belonging to the della Scala family which ruled Verona from 1308 until 1387. Now perhaps best known as the leading patron of the poet Dante ...
, 1311
, 1339
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Alberto I
Joint-lord with Alboino I
(13081311)
, -
,
Mastino II della Scala
Mastino II della Scala (1308 – 3 June 1351) was lord of Verona. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of Northern Italy.
He was the son of Alboino I della Scala and Beatrice da Correggio. At the death of Cangrande I, he and his brother ...
, rowspan=2 , 1339
, rowspan=2 , 1351
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Alboino I
Joint-lord with
Cangrande I(13291339)
, -
,
Alberto II della Scala Alberto II della Scala (1306 – 13 September 1352) was lord of Verona from 1329 until his death. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.
He was the son of Alboino I della Scala and Beatrice da Correggio. He co-ruled wi ...
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Alboino I
Joint-lord with
Cangrande I(13291339)
, -
,
Cangrande II della Scala
Cangrande II della Scala (7 June 1332Gian Maria Varaninidella Scala, Cangrande ''DBI'', Volume XXXVII (1989), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani – 14 December 1359) was Lord of Verona from 1351 until his death.
In 1351, after the ...
, 1351
, 1359
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Mastino II
Son-in-law of
Louis IVMurdered by his brother
Cansignorio
, -
,
Cansignorio della Scala
Cansignorio della Scala (5 March 1340 – 19 October 1375) was Lord of Verona from 1359 until 1375, initially together with his brother Paolo Alboino.
Biography
He inherited the lordship of Verona at the death of his father Mastino, together wit ...
, rowspan=2 , 1359
, rowspan=2 , 1375
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Mastino II
, -
,
Paolo Alboino della Scala Paolo Alboino della Scala (1344 – 17 or 18 October 1375) was a lord of Verona of the Scaliger dynasty.
In 1351, after the death of his father Mastino II della Scala, he inherited the lordship of Verona and Vicenza, nominally together with his b ...
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Mastino II
Murdered by
Cansignorio in death bed
, -
,
Bartolomeo II della Scala
Bartolomeo II della Scala (died 12 July 1381) was lord of Verona from 1375 until his death, together with his brother Antonio I della Scala.
The illegitimate son of Cansignorio della Scala, he obtained the power in Verona after the latter's death ...
, 1375
, 1381
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Natural son of Cansignorio
Murdered by his half-brother
Antonio
Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular male ...
, -
,
Antonio I della Scala Antonio della Scala (1362 – 3 September 1388) was Lord of Verona from 1375 until 1387, initially together with his brother Bartolomeo.
Antonio was the illegitimate son of Cansignorio della Scala. At the latter's death, he was associated in the l ...
, 1381
, 1388
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Cansignorio
Deposed by pro-
Milanese
Milanese (endonym in traditional orthography , ') is the central variety of the Western dialect of the Lombard language spoken in Milan, the rest of its metropolitan city, and the northernmost part of the province of Pavia. Milanese, due to ...
nobles
Died in exile on 5 August 1388
(suspected being murdered by
Visconti
Visconti is a surname which may refer to:
Italian noble families
* Visconti of Milan, ruled Milan from 1277 to 1447
** Visconti di Modrone, collateral branch of the Visconti of Milan
* Visconti of Pisa and Sardinia, ruled Gallura in Sardinia from ...
's envoys)
, -
,
Gian Galeazzo Visconti
Gian Galeazzo Visconti (16 October 1351 – 3 September 1402), was the first duke of Milan (1395) and ruled the late-medieval city just before the dawn of the Renaissance. He also ruled Lombardy jointly with his uncle Bernabò. He was the foundi ...
, 1388
, 1402
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Elected ''
signore
A signoria () was the governing authority in many of the Italian city states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods.
The word signoria comes from ''signore'' , or "lord"; an abstract noun meaning (roughly) "government; governing authority; ...
'' by pro-Milanese nobles
Still
Lord of Milan
The following is a list of rulers of Milan from the 13th century to 1814, after which it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia by the Congress of Vienna.
Before elevation to duchy
Until 1259, Milan was a free commune that elect ...
, -
,
Gian Maria Visconti
Gian Maria Visconti (or Giovanni Maria; 7 September 1388 – 16 May 1412) was the second Visconti Duke of Milan, the son of Gian Galeazzo Visconti and Caterina Visconti. He was known to be cruel and was eventually assassinated. He had no childre ...
, 1402
, 1404
, bgcolor=#FFCCCC ,
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, Son of Gian Galeazzo
Lacked of any authority over Verona
Deposed by anti-Visconti forces
, -
,
Guglielmo della Scala Guglielmo della Scala ( en, William; died 1404) was the son of Cangrande II della Scala. He assassinated his father in 1359, but was edged out of power by his uncle Cansignorio.
In 1404, together with his two sons Brunoro and Antonio II, he led ...
, 1404
, 1404
, bgcolor=#DDDDFF ,
Guelph
Guelph ( ; 2021 Canadian Census population 143,740) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Known as "The Royal City", Guelph is roughly east of Kitchener and west of Downtown Toronto, at the intersection of Highway 6, Highway 7 and Wel ...
, Natural son of Cangrande II
Re-enthroned by anti-Visconti forces
Murdered shortly after by his ally
Francesco II da Carrara
Francesco II da Carrara (19 May 1359 – 16 January 1406), known as Francesco il Novello ('Francesco the Younger'), was Lord of Padua after his father, Francesco I il Vecchio, renounced the lordship on 29 June 1388; he was a member of the family ...
, -
,
Francesco II da Carrara
Francesco II da Carrara (19 May 1359 – 16 January 1406), known as Francesco il Novello ('Francesco the Younger'), was Lord of Padua after his father, Francesco I il Vecchio, renounced the lordship on 29 June 1388; he was a member of the family ...
, 1404
, {{small, 22 June 1405
, bgcolor=#DDDDFF ,
Guelph
Guelph ( ; 2021 Canadian Census population 143,740) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Known as "The Royal City", Guelph is roughly east of Kitchener and west of Downtown Toronto, at the intersection of Highway 6, Highway 7 and Wel ...
, Usurper of Gugliemo
Still
Lord of Padua The Lords of Padua ruled the city from 1308 until 1405. The commune of Padua became a hereditary one-man lordship () with the election of Jacopo I da Carrara as ''capitano del popolo'' in 1308. His descendants, the Carraresi, ruled the city and its ...
Executed after the
Venetian victory in the
War of Padua
The War of Padua was a conflict in 1404–1405 between the Republic of Venice and the Carrarese lordship of Padua. In the power vacuum produced by the death of the Duke of Milan, Gian Galeazzo Visconti, in 1402, Francesco II da Carrara endeavo ...
See also
*
Timeline of Verona
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Verona in the Veneto region of Italy.
Prior to 18th century
* 2nd century BCE - Ponte Pietra (Verona) (bridge) and Via Postumia (road) built.
* 49 BCE - Verona becomes a Roman municipi ...
Verona, Lords of
Scaliger family