The Party School of the Russian Social Democratic Labour in Longjumeau (Russian: Партийная школа РСДРП в Лонжюмо) was the first official party school of the

Bolshevik The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...

faction of the

RSDLP The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP; in , ''Rossiyskaya sotsial-demokraticheskaya rabochaya partiya (RSDRP)''), also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a Socialism , s ...

which was established to educate and train future party cadres. It was situated in

Longjumeau Longjumeau () is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Inhabitants of Longjumeau are known as ''Longjumellois'' (). History Longjumeau Party School In 1911, Lenin founded the Longjumeau ...

, some 20 km south of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, France. It was created in the Spring of 1911 in opposition to the

Capri Party School The Capri Party School (Russian: Каприйская школа), known by its official name as "The First Higher Social Democratic Propaganda and Agitational School for Workers." was an educational organisation established by the Vperedists, a su ...

which was run by the

Vpered Vpered ( rus, Вперёд, p=fpʲɪˈrʲɵt, a=Ru-вперёд.ogg, ''Forward'') was a subfaction within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). Although Vpered emerged from the Bolshevik wing of the party, it was critical of Lenin. ...

faction. The head master of the school was

Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 19 ...

. Among the prominent lecturers were Nikolai Semashko,

Inessa Armand Inessa Fyodorovna Armand (born Elisabeth-Inès Stéphane d'Herbenville; 8 May 1874 – 24 September 1920) was a French-Russian communist politician, member of the Bolsheviks and a feminist who spent most of her life in Russia. Armand, being ...

Yuri Steklov Yuri Mikhailovich Steklov (russian: Юрий Михайлович Стеклов; born Ovshey Moiseyevich Nakhamkis; russian: Овший Моисе́евич Наха́мкис; , in Odessa - 15 September 1941, in Saratov) was a Russian revolut ...

Grigoriy Zinoviev Grigory Yevseyevich Zinoviev, . Transliterated ''Grigorii Evseevich Zinov'ev'' according to the Library of Congress system. (born Hirsch Apfelbaum, – 25 August 1936), known also under the name Ovsei-Gershon Aronovich Radomyslsky (russian: Ов ...

Lev Kamenev Lev Borisovich Kamenev. (''né'' Rozenfeld; – 25 August 1936) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a prominent Soviet politician. Born in Moscow to parents who were both involved in revolutionary politics, Kamenev attended Imperial Moscow Uni ...

, David Ryazanov,

Charles Rappoport Charles Rappoport (14 June 1865 – 17 November 1941) was a Russian and French militant communist politician, journalist and writer. A Jewish intellectual, and a multilingual scholar, he's been referred to as "a grand man of French radicalism". ...

and later

Anatoly Lunacharsky Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky (russian: Анато́лий Васи́льевич Лунача́рский) (born Anatoly Aleksandrovich Antonov, – 26 December 1933) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and the first Bolshevik Soviet People's ...

. Throughout the existence of the school, it had thirteen students and five volunteers. Among the notable students were

Grigory Ordzhonikidze Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze,, ; russian: Серго Константинович Орджоникидзе, Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze) born Grigol Konstantines dze Orjonikidze, russian: Григорий Константино ...

, Vasily Mantsev, Yakov Zevin,

Alexander Dogadov Alexander Ivanovich Dogadov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Дога́дов; 20 August 1888, Kazan Governorate — October 26, 1937, Moscow) was a Russian Soviet statesman, Communist Party official and trade union leader who was ...

, and Eduard Prukhnyak. The students were elected by local party committees in the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

, approved by the School Committee of the party and were sent to France. However, the Tsarist secret police, the

Okhrana The Department for Protecting the Public Security and Order (russian: Отделение по охранению общественной безопасности и порядка), usually called Guard Department ( rus, Охранное отд ...

was able to infiltrate the school. After the completion of classes in the 17th of August, 1911, the school was officially closed and the students were sent back to Russia to conduct their underground party activities.

References

{{coord missing, France Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Bolsheviks 1911 establishments in France 1911 disestablishments in France Educational institutions established in 1911 Educational institutions disestablished in 1911 Schools in Essonne