List Of Singapore Mammals
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There are currently about 65 species of mammals in Singapore. Since the
founding of modern Singapore The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824. This event has generally been understood to mark the founding of colonial Singapore, a break from its statu ...
in 1819, over 90 species have been recorded, including large species such as tigers, leopards and sambar deer. Most of these have since become
extirpated Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...
from Singapore largely due to rapid urban development, with occasional large
mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...
s such as Asian elephants swimming across the
Straits of Johor The Johore Strait (also known as the Tebrau Strait, Straits of Johor, Selat Johor, Selat Tebrau, and Tebrau Reach) is an international strait in Southeast Asia, between Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Geography The strait separates the Ma ...
from
Johor Johor (; ), also spelled as Johore, is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. Johor has land borders with the Malaysian states of Pahang to the north and Malacca and Negeri Sembilan ...
,
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
. Many surviving species have critically low population numbers, the most seriously endangered being the
cream-coloured giant squirrel The cream-coloured giant squirrel or pale giant squirrel (''Ratufa affinis'') is a large tree squirrel in the genus '' Ratufa'' found in forests in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (Indonesia), Borneo (Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia) and nearby ...
, last sighted in 1995 and now possibly extirpated. The
Raffles' banded langur The Raffles' banded langur (''Presbytis femoralis''), also known as the banded leaf monkey or banded surili, is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is endemic to Singapore and southern Peninsular Malaysia. The species underwen ...
is also down to around 60 individuals. However, some species have been rediscovered in more remote parts of the country, such as the Malaysian porcupine which was found on
Pulau Tekong Pulau may refer to: *Pulau virus (PuV), a novel strain of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus species *Pulau River, a river of West Papua and Papua New Guinea See also *List of islands of Malaysia – "Pulau" means "island" in the Malay language *Pulao (di ...
in 2005, and the greater mousedeer on
Pulau Ubin Pulau Ubin, also simply known as Ubin, is an island situated in the north east of Singapore, to the west of Pulau Tekong. The granite quarry used to be supported by a few thousand settlers on Pulau Ubin in the 1960s, but only about 38 villagers ...
in 2009. The most commonly seen native mammals are the
long-tailed macaque The crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis''), also known as the long-tailed macaque and referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. A species of macaque, the crab-eating macaque ...
and
plantain squirrel The plantain squirrel, oriental squirrel or tricoloured squirrel (''Callosciurus notatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand in a wide range of habitats: forests, mangroves, park ...
. The largest terrestrial mammal that can still be found is the
wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is ...
, which is common on the offshore islands of Pulau Ubin and Pulau Tekong, but also found on the mainland. The largest mammals in
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
, however, are marine creatures such as
dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...
s and
dolphin A dolphin is an aquatic mammal within the infraorder Cetacea. Dolphin species belong to the families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the New World river dolphins), Pontoporiidae (the ...
s. The
colugo Colugos () are arboreal gliding mammals that are native to Southeast Asia. Their closest evolutionary relatives are primates. There are just two living species of colugos: the Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus'') and the Philippine fl ...
is also doing well, but these are rarely seen due to their elusiveness and camouflage.


Order

Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
(even-toed ungulates)

Family
Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...
(pigs) *Bornean bearded pig ('' Sus barbatus'') (extirpated; no historical records but likely formerly present due to records from Johor and Riau Islands, and ability to reach islands by swimming) *Wild boar (''
Sus scrofa The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is no ...
'') – Tuas, Jurong, Western Catchment, Lim Chu Kang, Kranji, Choa Chu Kang, Bukit Panjang, Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Seletar, Sengkang, Punggol, Coney Island, Lorong Halus, Pasir Ris, Changi, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong Family
Cervidae Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
(deer) *Sambar (''
Rusa unicolor The sambar (''Rusa unicolor'') is a large deer native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia that is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List since 2008. Populations have declined substantially due to severe hunting, local ins ...
'') – Bukit Brown, Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, then re-established through escapees from captivity) *Southern red muntjac (''
Muntiacus muntjak The Indian muntjac or the common muntjac (''Muntiacus muntjak''), also called the southern red muntjac and barking deer, is a deer species native to South and Southeast Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. In popular local ...
'') – Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, recent sightings may be escapees from captivity), Pulau Tekong (unverified sighting) Family
Tragulidae The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often voc ...
(mousedeer) *Lesser mousedeer (''
Tragulus kanchil The lesser mouse-deer, lesser Malay chevrotain, or kanchil (''Tragulus kanchil'') is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae. Distribution The lesser mouse-deer is found widely across Southeast Asia in Indochina, Myanmar (Kra I ...
'') – Central Catchment *Greater mousedeer ('' Tragulus napu'') – Pulau Ubin, Western Catchment


Order

Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...
(carnivores)

Family
Herpestidae A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae. This family is currently split into two subfamilies, the Herpestinae and the Mungotinae. The Herpestinae comprises 23 living species that are native to so ...
(mongooses) *Short-tailed mongoose ('' Urva brachyura'') (historical record is based on a specimen that is likely to have been an escapee) Family
Viverridae Viverridae is a family of small to medium-sized, feliform mammals. The viverrids () comprise 33 species placed in 14 genera. This family was named and first described by John Edward Gray in 1821. Viverrids occur all over Africa, southern Europe, ...
(civets) *Binturong (''
Arctictis binturong The binturong (''Arctictis binturong'') (, ), also known as the bearcat, is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because of a declining popu ...
'') (extirpated) *Three-striped palm civet ('' Arctogalidia trivirgata'') - Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Otter civet ('' Cynogale bennettii'') (doubtful - based on old specimen without precise collection data) *Masked palm civet ('' Paguma larvata'') (indeterminate) - Central Catchment (possible escapee), Pulau Tekong (unverified sightings), Adam Road (roadkill in 2021) *Sumatran palm civet ('' Paradoxurus musangus'') - widespread across mainland Singapore in forests, woodlands, parks, and urban areas with trees, Pulau Ubin *Large-spotted civet ('' Viverra megaspila'') (doubtful, historical record likely based on misidentified Malay civet) *Malay civet (''
Viverra tangalunga The Malayan civet (''Viverra tangalunga''), also known as the Malay civet and Oriental civet, is a viverrid native to the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Sumatra, Bangka, Borneo, the Riau Archipelago, and the Philippines. It is listed as "L ...
'') - Central Catchment, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with Large Indian civet *Large Indian civet ('' Viverra zibetha'') (indeterminate) - Jalan Bahar, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with Malay civet, unverified sightings from Central Catchment *Small Indian civet (''
Viverricula indica The small Indian civet (''Viverricula indica'') is a civet native to South and Southeast Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of its widespread distribution, widespread habitat use and healthy populations living in ag ...
'') (doubtful) Family
Mustelidae The Mustelidae (; from Latin ''mustela'', weasel) are a family of carnivorous mammals, including weasels, badgers, otters, ferrets, martens, minks and wolverines, among others. Mustelids () are a diverse group and form the largest family in ...
(weasels, otters and relatives) *Small-clawed otter (''
Aonyx cinereus The Asian small-clawed otter (''Aonyx cinereus''), also known as the oriental small-clawed otter and the small-clawed otter, is an otter species native to South and Southeast Asia. It has short claws that do not extend beyond the pads of its w ...
'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, sightings of lone individuals in mainland Singapore might be escapees from captivity *Smooth-coated otter (''
Lutrogale perspicillata The smooth-coated otter (''Lutrogale perspicillata'') is an otter species occurring in most of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with a disjunct population in Iraq. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1996 and is threa ...
'') - mangroves and coasts, rivers, canals, reservoirs, and lakes in many locations on mainland Singapore, also often seen travelling overland or hunting in ornamental fish ponds, Pulau Ubin, Sentosa, St. John's Island, Pulau Semakau *Hairy-nosed otter (''
Lutra sumatrana The hairy-nosed otter (''Lutra sumatrana'') is a semiaquatic mammal endemic to Southeast Asia and one of the rarest and least known otter species. It is threatened by loss of natural resources and poaching. Description The hairy-nosed otter has ...
'') (extirpated) Family
Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
(cats) *Leopard cat (''
Prionailurus bengalensis The leopard cat (''Prionailurus bengalensis'') is a small wild cat native to continental South, Southeast, and East Asia. Since 2002 it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List as it is widely distributed although threatened by hab ...
'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh *Flat-headed cat ('' Prionailurus planiceps'') (doubtful - based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost) *Sunda clouded leopard ('' Neofelis diardii'') (doubtful - based on single specimen claimed to have been killed in Changi in 1898) *Tiger (''
Panthera tigris The tiger (''Panthera tigris'') is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus '' Panthera''. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on u ...
'') (extirpated) *Leopard (''
Panthera pardus The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant species in the genus ''Panthera'', a member of the cat family, Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in some parts of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, an ...
'') (extirpated, unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s) Family
Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
(dogs, wolves, and relatives) * Dhole (''
Cuon alpinus The dhole (''Cuon alpinus''; ) is a canid native to Central, South, East and Southeast Asia. Other English names for the species include Asian wild dog, Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, whistling dog, red dog, red wolf, and mountain wolf. It ...
'') (extirpated) Family
Ursidae Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Nort ...
(bears) *Sun bear (''
Helarctos malayanus The sun bear (''Helarctos malayanus'') is a species in the family Ursidae (the only species in the genus ''Helarctos'') occurring in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It is the smallest bear, standing nearly at the shoulder and weighing ...
'') (extirpated; unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s)


Order

Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...
(cetaceans)

Family
Delphinidae Oceanic dolphins or Delphinidae are a widely distributed family of dolphins that live in the sea. Close to forty extant species are recognised. They include several big species whose common names contain "whale" rather than "dolphin", such as the ...
(marine dolphins) *Long-beaked common dolphin (''
Delphinus capensis The common dolphin (''Delphinus delphis'') is the most abundant cetacean in the world, with a global population of about six million. Despite this fact and its vernacular name, the common dolphin is not thought of as the archetypal dolphin, with ...
'') *Irrawaddy dolphin (''
Orcaella brevirostris The Irrawaddy dolphin (''Orcaella brevirostris'') is a euryhaline species of oceanic dolphin found in scattered subpopulations near sea coasts and in estuaries and rivers in parts of the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia. It closely resembles th ...
'') – Singapore Strait *False killer whale (''
Pseudorca crassidens ''Pseudorca'' is a genus of cetaceans with three members which include ''Pseudorca yokoyamai'', ''Pseudorca yuanliensis'' and ''Pseudorca crassidens'', of which ''P. crassidens'' (commonly known as the false killer whale) is the only extant membe ...
'') (vagrant) – Tuas *Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (''
Sousa chinensis Sousa refers to * John Philip Sousa (1854–1932), American composer of marches Sousa also may refer to: People * Sousa (surname), including other Portuguese variants such as Souza, de Sousa, D'Souza, etc. * João Sousa, Portuguese tennis player ...
'') – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait *Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (''
Tursiops aduncus The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (''Tursiops aduncus'') is a species of bottlenose dolphin. This dolphin grows to long, and weighs up to . It lives in the waters around India, northern Australia, South China, the Red Sea, and the eastern co ...
'') – Singapore Strait Family
Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...
(porpoises) *Finless porpoise (''
Neophocaena phocaenoides The Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (''Neophocaena phocaenoides'') is one of eight porpoise species. The species ranges throughout most of the Indian Ocean, as well as the tropical and subtropical Pacific from Indonesia north to the Taiwan Strait ...
'') – Singapore Strait Family Physeteridae (sperm whale) *Sperm whale (''
Physeter macrocephalus ''Physeter'' is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus''). Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including ''Physeter ant ...
'') (lone carcass in 2015) – Singapore Strait


Order

Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the Order (biology), order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in fli ...
(bats)

Family Pteropodidae (Old World fruit bats) *Lesser dog-faced fruit bat ( ''Cynopterus brachyotis'') - common and widespread *Cave nectar bat (''
Eonycteris spelaea The cave nectar bat, dawn bat, common dawn bat, common nectar bat or lesser dawn bat (''Eonycteris spelaea'') is a species of megabat within the genus '' Eonycteris''. The scientific name of the species was first published by Dobson in 1871. De ...
'') - common and widespread *Common long-tongued fruit bat (''
Macroglossus minimus The long-tongued nectar bat (''Macroglossus minimus''), also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. ''M. minimus'' is ...
'') - Sungei Buloh, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong *Dusky fruit bat ('' Penthetor lucasi'') – Bukit Timah *Malayan flying fox (''
Pteropus vampyrus The large flying fox (''Pteropus vampyrus'', formerly ''Pteropus giganteus''), also known as the greater flying fox, Malayan flying fox, Malaysian flying fox, large fruit bat, kalang, or kalong, is a southeast Asian species of megabat in the fam ...
'') (visitor, former resident) - Central Catchment *Geoffroy's rousette (''
Rousettus amplexicaudatus Geoffroy's rousette (''Rousettus amplexicaudatus'') is a species of megabat or Old World fruit bats. It is one of ten species in the genus ''Rousettus''. Distribution Geoffroy's rousette occurs throughout Southeast Asia and in the Malesia region ...
'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) Family
Emballonuridae Emballonuridae is a family of microbats, many of which are referred to as sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The earliest fossil records are from the Eocene. Descr ...
(sheath-tailed bats) *Lesser sheath-tailed bat (''
Emballonura monticola The lesser sheath-tailed bat (''Emballonura monticola'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula (including Myanmar and Thailand), Borneo, and many other parts of the Indonesian Archipelago ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Pulau Ubin *Pouched tomb bat (''
Saccolaimus saccolaimus The naked-rumped pouched bat (''Saccolaimus saccolaimus''), also known as the pouched tomb bat, is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. Taxonomy Described in 1838 by Coenraad Temminck. the author assigned the species to a ne ...
'') *Long-winged tomb bat ('' Taphozous longimanus'') – Pulau Ubin *Black-bearded tomb bat ('' Taphozous melanopogon'') Family Nycteridae (hollow-faced bats) *Southeast Asian hollow-faced bat ('' Nycteris tragata'') – Central Catchment Family
Megadermatidae Megadermatidae, or false vampire bats, are a family of bats found from central Africa, eastwards through southern Asia, and into Australia. They are relatively large bats, ranging from 6.5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length. They have lar ...
(false vampires) *Lesser false vampire (''
Megaderma spasma The lesser false vampire bat (''Megaderma spasma'') is a bat found in South Asia and Southeast Asia from Sri Lanka and India in the west to Indonesia and the Philippines in the east. They live in caves and tree hollows. They are insectivorous. ...
'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong Family Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats) *Glossy horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus lepidus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Woolly horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus luctus'') - Central Catchment, Changi *Lesser woolly horseshoe bat (''
Rhinolophus sedulus The lesser woolly horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus sedulus'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constituti ...
'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Lesser brown horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus stheno'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Trefoil horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus trifoliatus'') – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong Family
Hipposideridae The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.Simmons, 20 ...
(Old World leaf-nosed bats) *Bicolored roundleaf bat (''
Hipposideros bicolor The bicolored roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros bicolor'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste. This bat inhabits caves, rock crevices and tunnels among lowland f ...
'') – Bukit Timah *Fawn roundleaf bat (''
Hipposideros cervinus The fawn leaf-nosed bat (''Hipposideros cervinus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu. Taxonomy The species was first described by John Gould in his Mammals of ...
'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Ashy roundleaf bat (''
Hipposideros cineraceus The ashy roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros cineraceus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Taxonomy and etymology It was ...
'') – Pulau Ubin *Ridley's roundleaf bat ('' Hipposideros ridleyi'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) Family
Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilionid family is the most diverse and widely distributed of bat familie ...
(evening bats) *Big-eared pipistrelle (''
Hypsugo macrotis The big-eared pipistrelle (''Hypsugo macrotis'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in Indonesia and Malaysia. It forages over mud flats over Peninsula Malaysia but its roosting activities are unknown. Its ...
'') – Pulau Ubin *Hardwicke's woolly bat (''
Kerivoula hardwickii Hardwicke's woolly bat (''Kerivoula hardwickii'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. Geographic range It is found in Bangladesh, China, India (Assam, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and West B ...
'') – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong *Brown tube-nosed bat ('' Murina suilla'') – Pulau Tekong *Lesser large-footed myotis (''
Myotis hasseltii The lesser large-footed bat (''Myotis hasseltii'') is a species of vesper bat. It can be found in Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions r ...
'') *Horsfield's large-footed myotis (''
Myotis horsfieldii Horsfield's bat (''Myotis horsfieldii'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Repub ...
'') – Central Catchment *Whiskered myotis ('' Myotis muricola'') - widespread *Singapore whiskered bat (''
Myotis oreias The Singapore whiskered bat (''Vespertilio oreias'') is or was a possible species of vesper bat endemic to Singapore. No specimens have been found since its original scientific description in 1840 by Dutch zoologist Coenraad Temminck. Modern ana ...
'') – endemic to Singapore, possibly globally extinct, but might not actually exist *Javan pipistrelle ('' Pipistrellus javanicus'') – widespread, recent records from Ayer Rajah, Paya Lebar, Punggol, Upper Thomson, Kent Ridge *Narrow-winged pipistrelle ('' Pipistrellus stenopterus'') – Singapore Botanic Gardens, Holland Village, Rochester Park, most recent record from Bukit Timah *Asiatic lesser yellow bat (''
Scotophilus kuhlii The lesser Asiatic yellow bat (''Scotophilus kuhlii'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China ...
'') - common and widespread *Lesser bamboo bat (''
Tylonycteris pachypus The lesser bamboo bat or lesser flat-headed bat (''Tylonycteris pachypus'') is one of the smallest species of vesper bat, and is native to Southeast Asia. Description The bat, the size of a bumble bee, is among the smallest mammals on earth, me ...
'') – Bukit Timah *Greater bamboo bat ('' Tylonycteris robustula'') - widespread Family Molossidae (free-tailed bats) *Naked bulldog bat (''
Cheiromeles torquatus The hairless bat (''Cheiromeles torquatus''), also called the naked bulldog batLeong, T. M., et al. (2009)The naked bulldog bat, ''Cheiromeles torquatus'' in Singapore—past and present records, with highlights on its unique morphology (Microchi ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sembawang *Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (''
Chaerephon plicatus The wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (''Chaerephon plicatus'') is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Philippi ...
'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated)


Order Dermoptera (colugo)

Family Cynocephalidae (colugo) *Malayan colugo or Malayan flying lemur ('' Galeopterus variegatus'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Bukit Brown, Gallop Road, Portsdown, Changi


Order

Eulipotyphla Eulipotyphla (, which means "truly fat and blind") is an order of mammals suggested by molecular methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, which includes the laurasiatherian members of the now-invalid polyphyletic order Lipotyphla, but not the afr ...
(
insectivores A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant that eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects. The first vertebrate insectivores wer ...
)

Family Soricidae (shrews) *House shrew (''
Suncus murinus The Asian house shrew (''Suncus murinus'') is a shrew species native to South and Southeast Asia that has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 because of its large population and wide distribution. It has been introduced i ...
'') – urban *Malayan shrew ('' Crocidura malayana'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment Family
Erinaceidae Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla ...
(hedgehogs and gymnures) *Moonrat (''
Echinosorex gymnura The moonrat (''Echinosorex gymnura'') is a southeast Asian species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures). It is the only species in the genus ''Echinosorex''. The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal ...
'') (doubtful - based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost)


Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Family
Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...
(tapirs) *Malayan tapir (''
Tapirus indicus The Malayan tapir (''Tapirus indicus''), also called Asian tapir, Asiatic tapir and Indian tapir, is the only tapir species native to Southeast Asia from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List sinc ...
'') (visitor) – Pulau Ubin, Changi


Order

Pholidota Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', ''Phataginus'', and ''Smutsia ...
(pangolins)

Family
Manidae Manidae is the only extant family of pangolins from superfamily Manoidea. This family comprises three genera ('' Manis'' from subfamily Maninae, ''Phataginus'' from subfamily Phatagininae, and ''Smutsia'' from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well as ex ...
(pangolins) *Sunda pangolin ('' Manis javanica'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Bukit Panjang, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Labrador, may wander into built-up areas


Order

Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...
(primates)

Family
Lorisidae Lorisidae (or sometimes Loridae) is a family of strepsirrhine primates. The lorisids are all slim arboreal animals and comprise the lorises, pottos and angwantibos. Lorisids live in tropical, central Africa as well as in south and southeast Asia. ...
(lorises) *Sunda slow loris (''
Nycticebus coucang The Sunda slow loris (''Nycticebus coucang'') or greater slow loris is a strepsirrhine primate and a species of slow loris native to Indonesia, West Malaysia, southern Thailand and Singapore. It measures from head to tail and weighs between . ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong Family
Cercopithecidae Old World monkey is the common English name for a family of primates known taxonomically as the Cercopithecidae (). Twenty-four genera and 138 species are recognized, making it the largest primate family. Old World monkey genera include baboons ...
(Old World monkeys) *Long-tailed macaque (''
Macaca fascicularis The crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis''), also known as the long-tailed macaque and referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. A species of macaque, the crab-eating macaqu ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Bukit Batok, Woodlands Waterfront, Admiralty Park, Punggol, Coney Island, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Sentosa, Sisters Islands, lone individuals and small groups occasionally seen in parks and urban areas elsewhere in Singapore *Southern pig-tailed macaque (''
Macaca nemestrina The southern pig-tailed macaque (''Macaca nemestrina''), also known as the Sundaland pig-tailed macaque and Sunda pig-tailed macaque, is a medium-sized macaque that lives in southern Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is known locally as ber ...
'') (doubtful, historical records in Singapore are likely to be based on escapees from captivity) Tengeh Reservoir (individual seen in 2020) *Raffles' banded langur (''
Presbytis femoralis The Raffles' banded langur (''Presbytis femoralis''), also known as the banded leaf monkey or banded surili, is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is endemic to Singapore and southern Peninsular Malaysia. The species underwen ...
'') – around 60 left in Central Catchment, Upper Thomson *Dusky langur ('' Trachypithecus obscurus'') - Central Catchment (colonisation in 2019 with the appearance of a trio which likely originated from Johor), Kent Ridge (likely escapee in 2008)


Order

Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. From ...
(elephants)

Family
Elephantidae Elephantidae is a family (biology), family of large, herbivorous proboscidean mammals collectively called elephants and mammoths. These are terrestrial animal, terrestrial large mammals with a snout modified into a Elephant#Trunk, trunk and teeth ...
(elephants) *Asian elephant (''
Elephas maximus ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant, ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending back to ...
'') (visitor) – Pulau Tekong (1990), Pulau Ubin (1991)


Order

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
ia (rodents)

Family
Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ...
(mice and rats) *Asian house mouse (''
Mus musculus Mus or MUS may refer to: Abbreviations * MUS, the NATO country code for Mauritius * MUS, the IATA airport code for Minami Torishima Airport * MUS, abbreviation for the Centre for Modern Urban Studies on Campus The Hague, Leiden University, Neth ...
'') – urban *Norway rat (''
Rattus norvegicus ''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus. Species and description The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'') ...
'') (introduced) – urban *Asian house rat ('' Rattus tanezumi'') – urban, forest edge *Polynesian rat (''
Rattus exulans The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (''Rattus exulans''), known to the Māori as ''kiore'', is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat. The Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, an ...
'') - urban, forest edge *Malaysian wood rat (''
Rattus tiomanicus The Malayan field rat, Malaysian field rat or Malaysian wood rat, (''Rattus tiomanicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is nocturnal and mainly arboreal and is found in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. It is ...
'') *Brown spiny rat (''
Maxomys rajah The Rajah spiny rat (''Maxomys rajah'') also known as the brown spiny rat is endemic to Thailand and Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and adjacent islands (Payne'' et al.'', 1985). Distribution and ecology Corbet and Hill (1992) mention that ''Maxomys ...
'') – Central Catchment *Red spiny rat (''
Maxomys surifer The red spiny rat (''Maxomys surifer'') is a rodent species in the family Muridae that inhabits forests in Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and on Java, Borneo and Sumatra islands. In China, it has been recorded only in Yunnan ...
'') (extirpated) – formerly recorded in Bukit Timah *Annandale's rat (''
Sundamys annandalei Annandale's rat (''Sundamys annandalei'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia (Sumatra), Peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island cou ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin Family
Spalacidae The Spalacidae, or spalacids, are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. They are native to eastern Asia, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and southeastern Europe. It includes the blind mole-rats, bamboo rats, mole ...
(mole-rats) *Large bamboo rat (''
Rhizomys sumatrensis The large bamboo rat, Sumatran rat, or Indomalayan rat (''Rhizomys sumatrensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae found in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is one of four species of ...
'') (doubtful, historical records are likely escapees) Family
Sciuridae Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
(squirrels) *Finlayson's or variable squirrel (''
Callosciurus finlaysonii Finlayson's squirrel or the variable squirrel (''Callosciurus finlaysonii'', sometimes misspelled ''C. finlaysoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. The species occurs ...
'') (introduced) – Bidadari, Woodleigh *Plantain squirrel (''
Callosciurus notatus The plantain squirrel, oriental squirrel or tricoloured squirrel (''Callosciurus notatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand in a wide range of habitats: forests, mangroves, park ...
'') – widespread and common on mainland, Sentosa, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Semakau *Prevost's squirrel (''
Callosciurus prevostii Prevost's squirrel or Asian tri-colored squirrel (''Callosciurus prevostii'') is a colourful species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in forests in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and nearby smaller islands, with an intro ...
'') (doubtful) *Three-striped ground squirrel (''
Lariscus insignis The three-striped ground squirrel (''Lariscus insignis'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thai ...
'') (extirpated) *Slender squirrel ('' Sundasciurus tenuis'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens *Cream-coloured giant squirrel ('' Ratufa affinis'') (likely extirpated) – formerly recorded in Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Shrew-faced ground squirrel ('' Rhinosciurus laticaudatus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Red-cheeked flying squirrel ('' Hylopetes spadiceus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Horsfield's flying squirrel (''
Iomys horsfieldii The Javanese flying squirrel (''Iomys horsfieldii'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and ...
'') – Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Red giant flying squirrel (''
Petaurista petaurista The red giant flying squirrel or common giant flying squirrel (''Petaurista petaurista'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae (squirrels). It is found in a wide variety of forest–types, plantations and more open habitats with scatter ...
'') (likely extirpated) Family Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) *Malayan porcupine (''
Hystrix brachyura The Malayan porcupine or Himalayan porcupine (''Hystrix brachyura'') is a species of rodent in the family Hystricidae. Three subspecies are extant in South and Southeast Asia. Geographical distribution The Malayan porcupine ranges from Nepal th ...
'') – Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Western Catchment


Order Scandentia (treeshrews)

Family
Tupaiidae Tupaiidae is one of two families of treeshrews, the other family being Ptilocercidae. The family contains three living genera and 19 living species. The family name derives from ''tupai'', the Malay word for treeshrew and also for squirrel which ...
(treeshrews) *Common treeshrew (''
Tupaia glis The common treeshrew (''Tupaia glis'') is a small mammal in the treeshrew family Tupaiidae, and is native to Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It has been listed as Least Concern by IUCN as it remains common and displays some adaptability to on ...
'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Portsdown, Bidadari, Bedok, Bukit Batok, Jurong Hill, Kent Ridge, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Pulau Ubin


Order

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct f ...
(sea cows)

Family
Dugongidae Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia. The family has one surviving species, the dugong (''Dugong dugon''), one recently extinct species, Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), and a number of extinct genera known from fossil rec ...
(dugong) *Dugong (''
Dugong dugon The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...
'') – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait Note: "extirpated" means
locally extinct Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...
in Singapore.


See also

*
List of birds of Singapore This is a list of the bird species recorded in Singapore. The avifauna of Singapore include a total of 459 species, 30 of which have been introduced by humans. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and sp ...
*
List of reptiles of Singapore There are about 110 species of reptiles in Singapore. Most of them are small or rarely seen. But there are a few which are large or prominent. The largest reptiles which can be found in Singapore are the Crocodylus porosus, estuarine crocodile ...
*
List of amphibians of Singapore A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...


References

{{Asia topic, List of mammals of .
Mammals Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
Singapore
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...