List of rulers of
Paphlagonia, an ancient region and
Hellenistic
In Classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in ...
kingdom in northwestern
Asia Minor.
Legendary kings of Paphlagonia
''(according to
Flavius Josephus)''
*
Riphat, son of
Gomer
Gomer ( he, ''Gōmer'', ; el, Γαμὲρ, translit=Gamér) was the eldest son of Japheth (and of the Japhetic line), and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah, according to the "Table of Nations" in the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 10).
The epo ...
, grandson of
Japheth
Japheth ( he, יֶפֶת ''Yép̄eṯ'', in pausa ''Yā́p̄eṯ''; el, Ἰάφεθ '; la, Iafeth, Iapheth, Iaphethus, Iapetus) is one of the three sons of Noah in the Book of Genesis, in which he plays a role in the story of Noah's drunk ...
(legendary ancestor of «
Riphatheans, now called
Paphlagonians»).
''(according to classic
Greek mythology)''
*
Tantalus the Elder, son of
Zeus.
*
Pelops, son of Tantalus.
*
Broteas
In Greek mythology, Broteas (Ancient Greek: Βροτέας), a hunter, was the son of Tantalus (by Dione, Euryanassa or Eurythemista), whose other offspring were Niobe and Pelops.
Broteas was also one of the Lapiths, killed at the battle of the La ...
, son of Tantalus.
*
Tantalus the Younger, son of Broteas.
''(according to
Homer's
Iliad)''
*
Pylaemenes
In Greek mythology, Pylaemenes (Ancient Greek: Πυλαιμένης) may refer to two distinct characters:
* Pylaemenes, king of the Eneti tribe of Paphlagonia. He claimed to be related to Priam through Phineus, as the latter's daughter Olizone ...
, son of
Bilsates or
Melius (king of the
Eneti tribe of
Paphlagonia).
Satraps of Paphlagonia under the
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest em ...
and the
Macedonian Empire
Macedonia (; grc-gre, Μακεδονία), also called Macedon (), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by ...
''(native
Paphlagonian dynasty)''
* ca. 425–400 BCE:
Corylas I.
* ca. 400–380 BCE:
Cotys I, son or brother of Corylas I.
* ca. 380–364 BCE:
Thuys I, son of Corylas I or Cotys I.
''(
Cappadocian dynasty)''
* 364–362 BCE:
Datames I of Cappadocia, son of
Camissares Camisares (died 385 BC) was an Iranian,; father of Datames, who was high in favour with the Persian Great King Artaxerxes II (404–358 BC), by whom he was made satrap of a part of Cilicia bordering on Cappadocia. He fell in Artaxerxes' war ag ...
of Cilicia.
''(
Achaemenid non-dynastic satraps)''
* 362–353 BCE:
Sysinas I.
* 353–334 BCE:
Arsites I.
''(
Macedonian satraps)''
* 334–325 BCE:
Calas I, son of
Harpalus of Elimiotis.
* 325–323 BCE:
Demarchus I.
* 323–316 BCE:
Eumenes I of Cardia.
* 316–306 BCE:
Antigonus I
Antigonus I Monophthalmus ( grc-gre, Ἀντίγονος Μονόφθαλμος , 'the One-Eyed'; 382 – 301 BC), son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian Greek nobleman, general, satrap, and king. During the first half of his life he se ...
Monophthalmus (king of Asia from 306 BCE).
To the kingdom of
Antigonus I Monophthalmus
Antigonus I Monophthalmus ( grc-gre, Ἀντίγονος Μονόφθαλμος , 'the One-Eyed'; 382 – 301 BC), son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian Greek nobleman, general, satrap, and king. During the first half of his life he serv ...
in 306–302 BCE…
To the kingdom of
Pontus in 302–276 BCE…
To
Galatia
Galatia (; grc, Γαλατία, ''Galatía'', "Gaul") was an ancient area in the highlands of central Anatolia, roughly corresponding to the provinces of Ankara and Eskişehir, in modern Turkey. Galatia was named after the Gauls from Thrace (c ...
from 276 BCE…
Kings of Paphlagonia
''(Galatian dynasty)''
* ca. 200–170 BCE:
Morzios I (in 182–179 BCE ruled only in South-Eastern part of country).
** 182–179 BCE:
Gaizatorix I (an ally of
Pharnaces I of Pontus; ruled in North-Western part of country).
* ca. 170–150 BCE:
Morzios II, son of Morzios I.
* ca. 150–140 BCE:
Pylaemenes I
In Greek mythology, Pylaemenes (Ancient Greek: Πυλαιμένης) may refer to two distinct characters:
* Pylaemenes, king of the Paphlagonian Eneti, Eneti tribe of Paphlagonia. He claimed to be related to Priam through Phineus, as the latter' ...
, son or brother of Morzios II.
* ca. 140–130 BCE:
Pylaemenes II, son of Pylaemenes I (bequeathed his kingdom to
Pontus after death).
''(Pontian dynasty)''
* 130–121 BCE:
Mithridates I (V) Euergetes, son of
Pharnaces I
Pharnaces I ( el, Φαρνάκης; lived 2nd century BC), fifth king of Pontus, was of Persian and Greek ancestry. He was the son of King Mithridates III of Pontus and his wife Laodice, whom he succeeded on the throne. Pharnaces had two sibling ...
of Pontus.
* 121–119 BCE:
Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V)
st time
* 121–119 BCE:
Mithridates III (VII) Chrestus, son of Mithridates I (V)
o-ruler with brother
** 121–119 BCE:
Laodice (VI), daughter of
Antiochus IV of Syria
Gaius Julius Antiochus IV Epiphanes ( grc, Γάιος Ἰούλιος Ἀντίοχος ὀ Ἐπιφανής, before 17 AD – after 72 AD), the last king of Commagene, reigned between 38 and 72 as a client king to the Roman Empire. The epit ...
, widow of Mithridates I (V), mother of Mithridates II (VI) and Mithridates III (VII)
egentess
''(Galatian dynasty)''
* 119–108 BCE:
Astreodon I, relative (probably brother) of Pylaemenes II.
''(
Bithynian dynasty)''
* 108– 89 BCE:
Pylaemenes III
In Greek mythology, Pylaemenes (Ancient Greek: Πυλαιμένης) may refer to two distinct characters:
* Pylaemenes, king of the Eneti tribe of Paphlagonia. He claimed to be related to Priam through Phineus, as the latter's daughter Olizone ...
Euergetes, son of
Nicomedes III of Bithynia.
''(Pontian dynasty)''
* 89 – 84 BCE:
Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V)
nd time
''(
Bithynian dynasty)''
* 84 – 74 BCE:
Nicomedes I (IV) Philopator, son of
Nicomedes III of Bithynia.
To
Roman Republic in 74–73 BCE…
''(Pontian dynasty)''
* 73 – 70 BCE:
Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V)
rd time
To
Roman Republic in 70–68 BCE…
''(Pontian dynasty)''
* 68 – 66 BCE:
Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V)
th time
To
Roman Republic in 66–65 BCE…
Client kings under Roman authority
''(
Bithynian dynasty)''
* 65 – 51 BCE:
Pylaemenes IV, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother).
* 65 – 48 BCE:
Attalus I, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother to 51 BCE)
st time
''(Pontian dynasty)''
* 48 – 47 BCE:
Pharnaces I (II) of
Bosporus, son of Mithridates II (VI).
''(
Bithynian dynasty)''
* 47 – 40 BCE:
Attalus I, son of Pylaemenes III
nd time
''(
Tectosagian dynasty)''
* 40 – 36 BCE:
Castor I (II) of
Galatia
Galatia (; grc, Γαλατία, ''Galatía'', "Gaul") was an ancient area in the highlands of central Anatolia, roughly corresponding to the provinces of Ankara and Eskişehir, in modern Turkey. Galatia was named after the Gauls from Thrace (c ...
, son of
Castor (I) (tetrarch of the Tectosagi tribe in Galatia) and daughter of
Deiotarus I of Galatia (tetrarch of the
Tolistobogii tribe in Galatia, then king of Galatia).
To
Roman Republic (under authority of
Marcus Antonius
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autoc ...
) in 36–31 BCE…
''(
Tectosagian dynasty)''
* 31 – 6 BCE:
Deiotarus I (III) Philadelphus, son of Castor I (II).
* 31 – 27 BCE:
Deiotarus II (IV) Philopator, son of Deiotarus I (III)
o-ruler with father
To
Roman Empire (under authority of Augustus) in 6 BCE (merged with
Galatia
Galatia (; grc, Γαλατία, ''Galatía'', "Gaul") was an ancient area in the highlands of central Anatolia, roughly corresponding to the provinces of Ankara and Eskişehir, in modern Turkey. Galatia was named after the Gauls from Thrace (c ...
).
See also
*
Paphlagonia
*
Paphlagonia (theme)
Sources
* Broughton, T. Robert S., ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', Vol. I (1951)
* Smith, William, ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', Vol III (1867)
* Truhart P., ''Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present. A Biographical Reference Book'', Part 1: Antiquity Worldwide (2000).
{{Ancient Greece topics
Paphlagonia
Paphlagonia