This list contains all of the Pyrenean three-thousanders, namely the 129 mountain summits of
or more above sea level in the
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. It extends nearly from its union with the Cantabrian Mountains to C ...
, a
range of mountains in southwest
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
that forms a
natural border
A natural border is a border between states or their subdivisions which is concomitant with natural formations such as rivers or mountain ranges. The "doctrine of natural boundaries" developed in Western culture in the 18th century being based u ...
between
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
and
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
. The
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. It extends nearly from its union with the Cantabrian Mountains to C ...
separate the
Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula (),
**
* Aragonese and Occitan: ''Peninsula Iberica''
**
**
* french: Péninsule Ibérique
* mwl, Península Eibérica
* eu, Iberiar penintsula also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in southwestern Europe, defi ...
from the rest of continental Europe, and extend for about from the
Bay of Biscay (
Cap Higuer
The Cape Higuer ( eu, Higer lurmuturra) is a cape on the Bay of Biscay standing out at the end of the mountain range Jaizkibel by the France–Spain border in the municipality of Hondarribia ( away from the town centre). The site is home to a light ...
) to the
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ea ...
(
Cap de Creus). The highest mountain in the Pyrenees is
Aneto
Aneto (''pic d'Aneto'' in French language, French, formerly ''pic de Néthou'') is the highest mountain in the Pyrenees and in Aragon, and Spain's third-highest mountain, reaching a height of . It stands in the Spanish province of Huesca (provi ...
in Spain at .
The summits meeting the 3,000-metre criterion were defined by a
UIAA
The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA, lit. ''International Union of Alpine Clubs''), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, Franc ...
-sponsored joint Franco-Spanish team led by Juan Buyse. The UIAA list, published in 1990, also contains 83 secondary summits in addition to the 129 principal ones listed here, and divides the range into 11 zones. According to the latest surveys, three of the peaks in the original list are actually below 3000m but are still included below.
The selection criteria used here are quite broad – many of the peaks included are secondary summits of major mountains. Using
prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, relative height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop or relative height in British English) measures the height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contou ...
as a criterion, only one summit is an
ultra-prominent peak
An ultra-prominent peak, or Ultra for short, is a mountain summit with a topographic prominence of or more; it is also called a P1500.
The prominence of a peak is the minimum height of climb to the summit on any route from a higher peak, or fro ...
,
Aneto
Aneto (''pic d'Aneto'' in French language, French, formerly ''pic de Néthou'') is the highest mountain in the Pyrenees and in Aragon, and Spain's third-highest mountain, reaching a height of . It stands in the Spanish province of Huesca (provi ...
, a further three have a prominence of 1000m (
Pico Posets
Pico Posets or Punta de Llardana is the second highest peak of the Pyrenees, after Aneto. It is located in the Spanish province of Huesca and is high.
Ascent route
From the ''Angel Orús'' refuge (2,095 m), a well-marked path heads northwest. A ...
,
Pica d'Estats
Pica d'Estats (or ''The States Peak'') (Catalan: ''Pica d'Estats'', French: ''Pic d'Estats'') is a mountain in the Montcalm Massif, Pyrenees. on the Spanish– French border, and is the highest mountain in Catalonia.
This mountain is included ...
,
Vignemale
The Vignemale (; Occitan: ''Vinhamala'', Aragonese: ''Comachibosa'', Catalan: ''Vinyamala''), at 3,298 metres, is the highest of the French Pyrenean summits (the highest in the whole of the range is Pic d'Aneto). It lies on the border between ...
), and five more have a prominence of over 600m. Only 17 in total have a prominence of more than 300m, commonly used as a criterion for determining an independent mountain, and are indicated in bold in the table below. 28 more have a prominence of over 100m and can be considered significant summits.
All the peaks in this list are in Spain (59 peaks) or France (26 peaks), or delimit the border between the two countries (45). The two highest major mountains and their subsidiary summits (Aneto and Posets - Zone 7 and 9) are entirely in Spain, together with the Besiberri peaks (zone 10) while Pic Long and surrounding mountains (zone 5) are entirely in France. Most of the other mountains lie on or close to the border. The small country of
Andorra
, image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg
, symbol_type = Coat of arms
, national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...
is located in the eastern portion of the Pyrenees and is surrounded by Spain and France; its highest mountain –
Coma Pedrosa
Coma Pedrosa (; ) is the highest mountain in the principality of Andorra. It is popular with mountain climbers, its ascent being technically straightforward, although strenuous. From Arinsal to Camp de Refuge (650 m climb) is considered moder ...
at – falls below the 3,000-metre threshold. The mountains are listed by height within each of the 11 zones.
Table (incomplete) of Pyrenean 3000m summits
For the complete list see:
Pyrenees#Highest summits
Zone 1 : Balaïtous-Enfer-Argualas
Zone 2 : Vignemale
Zone 3 : Monte Perdido
Zone 4 : La Munia
Zone 5 : Néouvielle-Pic Long
Zone 6 : Batoua-Batchimale
Zone 7 : Posets-Eristé
Zone 8 : Clarabide-Perdiguero-Boum
Zone 9 : Maladeta-Aneto
Zone 10 : Besiberris
Zone 11 : Estats-Montcalm
See also
*
Three-thousanders
Three-thousanders are mountains with a height of between , but less than above sea level. Similar terms are commonly used for mountains of other height brackets e. g. four-thousanders or eight-thousanders. In Britain, the term may refer to mo ...
*
List of mountains in Aragon
This is a list of mountains in Aragon, Spain. They include the Aneto, the highest peak in the Pyrenees, as well as the Moncayo, the highest peak in the Sistema Ibérico.
See also
* List of Pyrenean three-thousanders
*Pyrenees
* Pre-Py ...
*
List of mountains in Catalonia
This is a list of mountains in Catalonia, Spain.
See also
*Montserrat
*List of mountains in Aragon
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mountains Of Catalonia
Catalonia
Mountains
A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, ...
*
Peak bagging
Peak bagging or hill bagging is an activity in which hikers, climbers, and mountaineers attempt to reach a collection of summits, published in the form of a list. This activity has been popularized around the world, with lists such as 100 Peaks ...
References
External links
All of the summits – including secondary summits – contained in the Buyse list (in French)
Bibliography
* {{cite book, first=Tony, last=Milne, title=10 Manuels and a Manolete, year=2015, publisher=Handmaid Books,
Herblay
Herblay-sur-Seine (, literally ''Herblay on Seine''; before 2018: ''Herblay'') is a commune in the department of Val-d'Oise, France. It is located from the center of Paris, in its northwest suburbs. It is twinned with Yeovil, UK.
Geography Cli ...
, language=English, url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/10-Manuels-Manolete-carpark---peak/dp/1507691408/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1474834144&sr=8-1&keywords=tony+milne
Pyrenees, three-thousanders
Pyrenees
*