This is a list of Plan 9

program Program, programme, programmer, or programming may refer to: Business and management * Program management, the process of managing several related projects * Time management * Program, a part of planning Arts and entertainment Audio * Progra ...

s. Many of these programs are very similar to the UNIX programs with the same name, others are to be found only on Plan 9. Others again share only the name, but have a different behaviour.

System software System software is software designed to provide a platform for other software. Examples of system software include operating systems (OS) like macOS, Linux, Android and Microsoft Windows, computational science software, game engines, search engin ...

General user

* dd – convert and copy a file *

date Date or dates may refer to: *Date (fruit), the fruit of the date palm (''Phoenix dactylifera'') Social activity *Dating, a form of courtship involving social activity, with the aim of assessing a potential partner **Group dating *Play date, an ...

– date and time *

echo In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is directly proportional to the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the list ...

– print arguments *

file File or filing may refer to: Mechanical tools and processes * File (tool), a tool used to ''remove'' fine amounts of material from a workpiece **Filing (metalworking), a material removal process in manufacturing ** Nail file, a tool used to gent ...

– determine file type * ns – display namespace *

plumb Plumb may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Plumb'', a 1995 album by Jonatha Brooke & The Story * ''Plumb'' (Plumb album), 1997 * ''Plumb'' (Field Music album), 2012 * , by Romanian poet George Bacovia People * Plumb (surname) * P ...

– send message to plumber *

plumber A plumber is a tradesperson who specializes in installing and maintaining systems used for potable (drinking) water, and for sewage and drainage in plumbing systems.

– interprocess messaging * rc – rc is the Plan 9 shell *

rio Rio or Río is the Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Maltese word for "river". When spoken on its own, the word often means Rio de Janeiro, a major city in Brazil. Rio or Río may also refer to: Geography Brazil * Rio de Janeiro * Rio do Sul, a ...

– the new Plan 9 windowing system *

8½ ' (Italian title: , ) is a 1963 surrealist comedy-drama film directed and co-written (with Tullio Pinelli, Ennio Flaiano and Brunello Rondi) by Italian filmmaker Federico Fellini. The metafictional narrative centers on Guido Anselmi, played by Ma ...

– the old Plan 9 windowing syste

*

uptime Uptime is a measure of system reliability, expressed as the percentage of time a machine, typically a computer, has been working and available. Uptime is the opposite of downtime. It is often used as a measure of computer operating system reliabi ...

– show how long the system has been running

System management

Processes and tasks management

time Time is the continued sequence of existence and events that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, into the future. It is a component quantity of various measurements used to sequence events, to ...

– time a command *

kill Kill often refers to: *Homicide, one human killing another *cause death, to kill a living organism, to cause its death Kill may also refer to: Media *'' Kill!'', a 1968 film directed by Kihachi Okamoto * ''Kill'' (Cannibal Corpse album), 2006 * ...

, slay, broke – print commands to kill processes *

sleep Sleep is a sedentary state of mind and body. It is characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, reduced muscle activity and reduced interactions with surroundings. It is distinguished from wakefulness by a de ...

– suspend execution for an interval * ps – process status *

psu PSU may refer to: Organizations Military *Police Support Unit, a paramilitary wing of the Zimbabwe Republic Police *Port Security Unit, a U.S. Coast Guard expeditionary force protection unit Political parties * Parti Socialiste Unifié (disambig ...

– process status information about processes started by a specific user

User management and support

passwd passwd is a command on Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, and most Unix-like operating systems used to change a user's password. The password entered by the user is run through a key derivation function to create a hashed version of the new password, whi ...

, netkey, iam – change user password *

who Who or WHO may refer to: * Who (pronoun), an interrogative or relative pronoun * Who?, one of the Five Ws in journalism * World Health Organization Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Who, a creature in the Dr. Seuss book ''Horton Hear ...

– who is using the machine *

man A man is an adult male human. Prior to adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromos ...

, lookman – print or find pages of this manual

File system and server

* /boot/boot – connect to the root file server * fossil/

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

, fossil/flchk, fossil/flfmt, fossil/conf, fossil/last – archival file server * history – print file names from the dump * users – file server user list format * vac – create a vac archive on Venti * venti/buildindex, venti/checkarenas, venti/checkindex, venti/conf, venti/copy, venti/fmtarenas, venti/fmtindex, venti/fmtisect, venti/rdarena, venti/rdarenablocks, venti/read, venti/wrarenablocks, venti/write – Venti maintenance and debugging commands * venti/

venti Venti is a network storage system that permanently stores data blocks. A 160-bit SHA-1 hash of the data (called ''score'' by Venti) acts as the address of the data. This enforces a ''write-once'' policy since no other data block can be found wi ...

, venti/sync – an archival block storage server * yesterday, diffy – print file names from the dump

Hardware devices

* setrtc – set

real time clock A real-time clock (RTC) is an electronic device (most often in the form of an integrated circuit) that measures the passage of time. Although the term often refers to the devices in personal computers, servers and embedded systems, RTCs are p ...

(RTC) on PC hardware

Files and text

Filesystem utilities

chgrp The (from change group) command may be used by unprivileged users on various operating systems to change the group associated with a file system object (such as a computer file, directory, or link) to one of which they are a member. A file syst ...

– change file group *

chmod In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, is the command (computing), command and system call used to change the File-system permissions, access permissions and the #Special modes, special mode flags (the setuid, ''setuid'', ''setgid'', and stick ...

– change mode * cp, fcp, mv – copy, move files * du – disk usage * ls, lc – list contents of directory *

mkdir The mkdir (make directory) command in the Unix, DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS operating systems is used to make a new directory. It is also available in the EFI shell and in the PHP scripting language. In DOS, OS/2, ...

– make a directory * bind, mount, umount – change name space *

pwd In Unix-like and some other operating systems, the pwd command (''print working directory'') writes the full pathname of the current working directory to the standard output. Implementations Multics had a pwd command (which was a short name of ...

, pbd – working directory * rm – remove files *

touch In physiology, the somatosensory system is the network of neural structures in the brain and body that produce the perception of touch (haptic perception), as well as temperature (thermoception), body position (proprioception), and pain. It is ...

– set modification date of a file

Archivers and compression

* ar – archive and library maintainer *

gzip gzip is a file format and a software application used for file compression and decompression. The program was created by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler as a free software replacement for the compress program used in early Unix systems, and in ...

, gunzip, bzip2, bunzip2,

compress compress is a Unix shell compression program based on the LZW compression algorithm. Compared to more modern compression utilities such as gzip and bzip2, compress performs faster and with less memory usage, at the cost of a significantly l ...

, uncompress, zip, unzip – compress and expand data *

tar Tar is a dark brown or black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon, obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive distillation. Tar can be produced from coal, wood, petroleum, or peat. "a dark brown or black bit ...

– archiver

Text processing

awk AWK (''awk'') is a domain-specific language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool. Like sed and grep, it is a filter, and is a standard feature of most Unix-like operating systems. The AWK langu ...

– pattern-directed scanning and processing language *

cat The cat (''Felis catus'') is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is commonly referred to as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from the wild members of ...

, read – catenate files * cmp – compare two files *

diff In computing, the utility diff is a data comparison tool that computes and displays the differences between the contents of files. Unlike edit distance notions used for other purposes, diff is line-oriented rather than character-oriented, but it ...

– differential file comparator * doc2txt, xls2txt – extract printable strings from Microsoft Office documents * doctype – intuit command line for formatting a document * fmt, htmlfmt – simple text formatters * freq – print histogram of character frequencies *

grep grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command ''g/re/p'' (''globally search for a regular expression and print matching lines''), which has the sam ...

– search a file for a pattern * idiff – interactive diff * mc – multicolumn print * p – paginate * pr – print file *

sed sed ("stream editor") is a Unix utility that parses and transforms text, using a simple, compact programming language. It was developed from 1973 to 1974 by Lee E. McMahon of Bell Labs, and is available today for most operating systems. sed wa ...

– stream editor * spell, sprog – find spelling errors *

split Split(s) or The Split may refer to: Places * Split, Croatia, the largest coastal city in Croatia * Split Island, Canada, an island in the Hudson Bay * Split Island, Falkland Islands * Split Island, Fiji, better known as Hạfliua Arts, enterta ...

– split a file into pieces *

tail The tail is the section at the rear end of certain kinds of animals’ bodies; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso. It is the part of the body that corresponds roughly to the sacrum and coccyx in mammals, r ...

– deliver the last part of a file *

tcs TCS may refer to: Organisations * Tata Consultancy Services, an IT company headquartered in India * Taxpayers for Common Sense, a US nonpartisan federal budget watchdog organization * TCS Courier, a Pakistani courier service * Touring Club Suisse ...

– translate character sets * tr – translate characters * wc – word count * xd – hex, octal, decimal or ASCII dump of file

Editors

acme Acme is Ancient Greek (ακμή; English transliteration: ''akmē'') for "the peak", "zenith" or "prime". It may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Acme'' (album), an album by the Jon Spencer Blues Explosion * Acme and Septimius, a fictional ...

– interactive text editor and shell * ed – text editor * sam – screen editor with structural regular expressions

Communication, networking and remote access

* con,

telnet Telnet is an application protocol used on the Internet or local area network to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection. User data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control i ...

, rx, xms, xmr – remote login, execution, and XMODEM file transfer * cpu – connection to CPU server * dial/at, dial/drain, dial/expect, dial/pass – dialer scripting tools *

netstat In computing, netstat (''network statistics'') is a command-line network utility that displays network connections for Transmission Control Protocol (both incoming and outgoing), routing tables, and a number of network interface (network interfa ...

– summarize network connections * replica/changes, replica/pull, replica/push, replica/scan – client–server replica management *

ssh The Secure Shell Protocol (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Its most notable applications are remote login and command-line execution. SSH applications are based on a ...

, sshnet,

scp SCP may refer to: Organizations Political parties * Soviet Communist Party, the leading political party in the former Soviet Union * Syrian Communist Party * Sudanese Communist Party * Scottish Christian Party Companies * Seattle Computer Produ ...

, aux/sshserve – secure login and file copy from/to Unix or Plan 9 * tel, iwhois – look in phone book * vncs, vncv – remote frame buffer server and viewer for Virtual Network Computing (VNC)

Email and news programs

* faces, seemail, vwhois – mailbox interface * mail – mail and mailboxes * news – print news items * upas/

filter Filter, filtering or filters may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Filter (higher-order function), in functional programming * Filter (software), a computer program to process a data stream * Filter (video), a software component tha ...

, upas/list, upas/deliver, upas/token, upas/vf – filtering mail * upas/fs – mail file server * upas/marshal – formatting and sending mail * upas/ml, upas/mlmgr, upas/mlowner – unmoderated mailing lists * upas/nedmail – reading mail * upas/scanmail, upas/testscan – spam filters * upas/send – mail routing and delivery * upas/smtp, upas/smtpd – mail transport

Network system services

* ip/

dhcpd dhcpd (an abbreviation for "DHCP daemon") is a DHCP server program that operates as a daemon on a server to provide Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) service to a network. This implementation, also known as ISC DHCP, is one of the firs ...

, ip/dhcpleases, ip/rarpd, ip/tftpd – Internet booting * aux/listen – listen for calls on a network device * ndb/query, ndb/mkhash, ndb/mkdb, ndb/cs, ndb/csquery, ndb/dns, ndb/dnsquery, ndb/ipquery, ndb/dnsdebug, ndb/mkhosts – network database * upas/pop3, ip/imap4d – mail servers * aux/timesync – NTP client

Network utilities

* aan – always available network * ip/ipconfig, ip/rip – Internet configuration and routing * ip/telnetd, ip/rlogind, ip/rexexec, ip/ftpd – Internet remote access daemons * ip/

ping Ping may refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Ping, a domesticated Chinese duck in the illustrated book '' The Story about Ping'', first published in 1933 * Ping, a minor character in ''Seinfeld'', an NBC sitcom * Ping, a c ...

, ip/gping, ip/

traceroute In computing, traceroute and tracert are computer network diagnostic commands for displaying possible routes (paths) and measuring transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The history of the route is recorded as th ...

, ip/hogports – probe the Internet * snoopy – spy on network packets * ip/udpecho – echo UDP packets

Security

* auth/aescbc, ipso, auth/ secstore – secstore commands * auth/changeuser, auth/wrkey, auth/convkeys, auth/convkeys2, auth/printnetkey, auth/status, auth/authsrv, auth/guard.srv, auth/login, auth/disable, auth/enable – maintain authentication databases * auth/

factotum Factotum may refer to: *A handyman, employed as a servant * ''Factotum'' (novel), a 1975 novel by Charles Bukowski * ''Factotum'' (film), a 2005 film adaptation of the novel *Factotum (arts organisation), an arts organisation based in Belfast *fact ...

, auth/fgui – authentication agent * auth/secstored, auth/secuser – secstore commands * delkey – delete keys from factotum

Programming tools

Compiler In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the ''source'' language) into another language (the ''target'' language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that ...
s and
programming tools A programming tool or software development tool is a computer program that software developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications. The term usually refers to relatively simple programs, that can ...

* 0a, 1a, 2a, 5a, 7a, 8a, ka, qa, va – assemblers * 0c, 1c, 2c, 5c, 7c, 8c, kc, qc, vc – C compilers * 0l, 1l, 2l, 5l, 7l, 8l, kl, ql, vl – loaders *

acid In computer science, ACID ( atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequ ...

, truss, trump – debugger * bc – arbitrary–precision arithmetic language * cb – C program beautifier * cpp – C language preprocessor *

ktrace ktrace is a utility included with certain versions of BSD Unix and Mac OS X that traces kernel interaction with a program and dumps it to disk for the purposes of debugging and analysis. Traced kernel operations include system calls, namei tr ...

– interpret kernel stack dumps *

leak A leak is a way (usually an opening) for fluid to escape a container or fluid-containing system, such as a tank or a ship's hull, through which the contents of the container can escape or outside matter can enter the container. Leaks are usuall ...

, kmem – help find memory leaks * mk, membername – maintain (make) related files *

patch Patch or Patches may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Patch Johnson, a fictional character from ''Days of Our Lives'' * Patch (''My Little Pony''), a toy * "Patches" (Dickey Lee song), 1962 * "Patches" (Chairmen of the Board song) ...

– simple patch creation and tracking system *

pcc PCC may refer to: Science and technology * Pearson correlation coefficient (''r''), in statistics * Periodic counter-current chromatography, a type of affinity chromatography * Portable C Compiler, an early compiler for the C programming language ...

–

APE Apes (collectively Hominoidea ) are a clade of Old World simians native to sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia (though they were more widespread in Africa, most of Asia, and as well as Europe in prehistory), which together with its siste ...

C compiler driver *

strip Strip or Stripping may refer to: Places * Aouzou Strip, a strip of land following the northern border of Chad that had been claimed and occupied by Libya * Caprivi Strip, narrow strip of land extending from the Okavango Region of Namibia to ...

– remove symbols from binary files *

syscall In computing, a system call (commonly abbreviated to syscall) is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the operating system on which it is executed. This may include hardware-related services (for example, acc ...

– test a system call *

yacc Yacc (Yet Another Compiler-Compiler) is a computer program for the Unix operating system developed by Stephen C. Johnson. It is a Look Ahead Left-to-Right Rightmost Derivation (LALR) parser generator, generating a LALR parser (the part of a com ...

– yet another compiler-compiler

Application software Application may refer to: Mathematics and computing * Application software, computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks ** Application layer, an abstraction layer that specifies protocols and interface methods used in a c ...

Web browser A web browser is application software for accessing websites. When a user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web server and then displays the page on the user's screen. Browsers are used on ...
s

* abaco – a "lame" text-based and graphical web browser * i – rough web browser, based on

charon In Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon (; grc, Χάρων) is a psychopomp, the ferryman of Hades, the Greek underworld. He carries the souls of those who have been given funeral rites across the rivers Acheron and Styx, which separate the wo ...

* links – a text-based and graphical web browser * mothra – a very basic web browser * netsurf - an open-source browser with html, javascript, and css support

Desktop publishing

* deroff, delatex – remove formatting requests * eqn – typeset mathematics * gs – Aladdin Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter) * htmlroff – HTML formatting and typesetting * lp – printer output * ms2html, html2ms – convert between troff's ms macros and html * page – view FAX, image, graphic PostScript PDF, and typesetter output files * pic, tpic – troff and tex preprocessors for drawing pictures * pr – print file * ps2pdf, pdf2ps – convert between PostScript and PDF *

tbl Part of the troff suite of Unix document layout tools, tbl is a preprocessor that formats tables in preparation for processing with troff/nroff. Overview Mike Lesk is the original author of tbl. Like the main troff program, it uses command li ...

– format tables for nroff or troff *

troff troff (), short for "typesetter roff", is the major component of a document processing system developed by Bell Labs for the Unix operating system. troff and the related nroff were both developed from the original roff. While nroff was inten ...

nroff nroff (short for "new roff") is a text-formatting program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It produces output suitable for simple fixed-width printers and terminal windows. It is an integral part of the Unix help system, being used to fo ...

– text formatting and typesetting * troff2html – convert troff output into HTML

Graphics and multimedia

* getmap, colors – display color map * jpg, gif, png, ppm, bmp, v210, yuv, ico, togif, toppm, topng, toico – view and convert pictures

Various utilities and games

* astro – print astronomical information *

cal Cal or CAL may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Cal'' (novel), a 1983 novel by Bernard MacLaverty * "Cal" (short story), a science fiction short story by Isaac Asimov * ''Cal'' (1984 film), an Irish drama starring John Lynch and Helen Mir ...

– print calendar * calendar – print upcoming events * clock – draws a simple analog clock * dict – dictionary browser *

fortune Fortune may refer to: General * Fortuna or Fortune, the Roman goddess of luck * Luck * Wealth * Fortune, a prediction made in fortune-telling * Fortune, in a fortune cookie Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''The Fortune'' (1931 film) ...

– sample lines from a file * juke, games/jukebox, games/jukefs – music jukebox * lens – interactive screen magnifier * map, mapdemo – draw maps on various projections * games/playlistfs – playlist file system * thesaurus – search online thesaurus * scat – sky catalogue

References

{{Reflist, 33em Plan 9 applications Plan 9 applications Plan 9 applications Plan 9 from Bell Labs