List Of New Zealand Birds
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This is the list of the birds of New Zealand. The common name of the bird in
New Zealand English New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...
is given first, and its Māori-language name, if different, is also noted. New Zealand proper is an independent and sovereign state. New Zealand proper includes the
North Island The North Island, also officially named Te Ika-a-Māui, is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but much less populous South Island by the Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-largest ...
, the
South Island The South Island, also officially named , is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand in surface area, the other being the smaller but more populous North Island. It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait, to the west by the Tasman ...
, offshore islands, and outlying islands like the Chatham Islands. The Realm of New Zealand also includes Tokelau (a
dependent territory A dependent territory, dependent area, or dependency (sometimes referred as an external territory) is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a sovereign state, yet remains politically outside the controlli ...
); the Cook Islands and Niue (self-governing states in free association with New Zealand); and the Ross Dependency (New Zealand's territorial claim in Antarctica). Only New Zealand proper is represented on this list, not the full Realm of New Zealand. Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below occur regularly in New Zealand as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The species marked extinct became extinct subsequent to human arrival in New Zealand. About two thirds of the extinctions occurred after the arrival of
Māori Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...
but before the arrival of Pākehā (European New Zealanders) and the rest since Pākehā arrived. The following codes are used to denote other categories of species: * (B) Breeding – confirmed nesting records in New Zealand or a portion thereof, excluding introduced species. * (I) Introduced – a species introduced to New Zealand by the actions of humans, either directly or indirectly * (X)
Extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
– a species that became extinct after human arrival in New Zealand * (ex) Extirpated – a species no longer found in New Zealand or a portion thereof but existing elsewhere * (P) – a regularly occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof. The species occurs on an annual or mostly annual basis but does not nest in New Zealand. * (V) Vagrant – a species rarely occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof. The list's
taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...
treatment and nomenclature (common and scientific names) mainly follows the conventions of '' The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'', 2022 edition. Some supplemental referencing is that of the Avibase ''Bird Checklists of the World'' as of 2022, and the 4th edition of the ''Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand'', published in 2010 by Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, which is an authoritative list of the birds of New Zealand.


Kiwi

Order:
Apterygiformes Kiwi ( ) are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand of the order Apterygiformes. The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae () and genus ''Apteryx'' (). Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest ...
Family:
Apterygidae Kiwi ( ) are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand of the order Apterygiformes. The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae () and genus ''Apteryx'' (). Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest ...
Kiwi are flightless birds all native to New Zealand. Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living
ratite A ratite () is any of a diverse group of flightless, large, long-necked, and long-legged birds of the infraclass Palaeognathae. Kiwi, the exception, are much smaller and shorter-legged and are the only nocturnal extant ratites. The systematics ...
s. })
''Apteryx australis'' , , , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Okarito kiwi The Okarito kiwi (''Apteryx rowi''), also known as the rowi or Okarito brown kiwi, is a member of the kiwi family Apterygidae, described as new to science in 2003. The species is part of the brown kiwi complex, and is morphologically very s ...

( mi, rowi)
''Apteryx rowi'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! North Island brown kiwi
''Apteryx mantelli'' , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Little spotted kiwi
( mi, kiwi pukupuku)
''Apteryx owenii'' , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Great spotted kiwi
( mi, roroa)
''Apteryx haastii'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Image:20180703 kiwi-sonya7 342 DxO.jpg, Little spotted kiwi Image:Tokoeka.jpg,
Southern brown kiwi The southern brown kiwi, tokoeka, or common kiwiDavies, S. J. J. F. (2003) (''Apteryx australis'') is a species of kiwi from South Island, New Zealand. Until 2000 it was considered conspecific with the North Island brown kiwi, and still is by ...
Image:Apteryx mantelli -Rotorua, North Island, New Zealand-8a.jpg, North Island brown kiwi


Giant moa

Order: Dinornithiformes Family: Dinornithidae The giant moa (''Dinornis'') is an
extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
genus of birds belonging to the moa family. As with other moa, it was a member of the
order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...
Dinornithiformes. It was endemic to New Zealand. Two species of ''Dinornis'' are considered valid, the
North Island giant moa The North Island giant moa (''Dinornis novaezealandiae'') is an extinct moa in the genus ''Dinornis''. Even though it might have walked with a lowered posture, standing upright, it would have been the tallest bird ever to exist, with a height ...
(''Dinornis novaezealandiae'') and the
South Island giant moa The South Island giant moa (''Dinornis robustus'') is an extinct moa from the genus ''Dinornis.'' Context The moa were Ratite, ratites, flightless birds with a sternum without a Keel (bird anatomy), keel. They also had a distinctive palate. T ...
(''Dinornis robustus''). In addition, two further species (new lineage A and lineage B) have been suggested based on distinct DNA lineages. Image:Dinornis robustus (AM LB4361).jpg,
South Island giant moa The South Island giant moa (''Dinornis robustus'') is an extinct moa from the genus ''Dinornis.'' Context The moa were Ratite, ratites, flightless birds with a sternum without a Keel (bird anatomy), keel. They also had a distinctive palate. T ...
(extinct)


Lesser moa

Order: Dinornithiformes Family:
Emeidae The lesser moa (family Emeidae) were a family in the moa order Dinornithiformes. About two-thirds of all moa species are in the lesser moa family. The moa were ratites from New Zealand. Ratites are flightless birds with a sternum without a keel. ...
The lesser moa ( family Emeidae) were a family of moa. The moa were ratites from New Zealand. About two-thirds of all moa species are in the lesser moa family.


Upland moa

Order: Dinornithiformes Family:
Megalapterygidae The upland moa (''Megalapteryx didinus'') was a species of moa endemic to New Zealand. It was a ratite, a grouping of flightless birds with no keel on the sternum. It was the last moa species to become extinct, vanishing in 1445 CE, and was pr ...
The upland moa (''Megalapteryx didinus'') was a species of moa endemic to New Zealand. It was a
ratite A ratite () is any of a diverse group of flightless, large, long-necked, and long-legged birds of the infraclass Palaeognathae. Kiwi, the exception, are much smaller and shorter-legged and are the only nocturnal extant ratites. The systematics ...
, a grouping of flightless birds with no keel on the sternum. It was the last moa species to become extinct, vanishing in 1445 CE, and was predominantly found in alpine and sub-alpine environments.


Ducks, geese, and swans

Order:
Anseriformes Anseriformes is an order of birds also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which in ...
Family: Anatidae The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and
swan Swans are birds of the family (biology), family Anatidae within the genus ''Cygnus''. The swans' closest relatives include the goose, geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form t ...
s. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. The Cape Barren goose is also recorded as an escape from captivity in New Zealand which has bred, as well as being a vagrant from Australia as set out in the table below. })
''Cygnus sumnerensis'' , , , X , , X , , , , , , - !
Australian shelduck The Australian shelduck (''Tadorna tadornoides''), also known as the chestnut-breasted shelduck or mountain duck, is a shelduck, a group of large goose-like ducks part of the bird family Anatidae. The genus name ''Tadorna'' comes from Celtic root ...

''Tadorna tadornoides'' , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - !
Paradise shelduck The paradise shelduck (''Tadorna variegata''), also known as the paradise duck, or in Māori, is a species of shelduck, a group of goose-like ducks, which is endemic to New Zealand. Johann Friedrich Gmelin placed it in the genus ''Anas'' with ...

( mi, pūtangitangi)
''Tadorna variegata'' , V , , B , , B , , B , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Australian wood duck The Australian wood duck, maned duck or maned goose (''Chenonetta jubata'') is a dabbling duck found throughout much of Australia. It is the only living species in the genus ''Chenonetta''. Traditionally placed in the subfamily Anatinae (dabbling ...

''Chenonetta jubata'' , , , , , V , , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Finsch's duck
''Chenonetta finschi'' , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Blue duck
( mi, whio)
''Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos'' , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Australasian shoveler The Australasian shoveler (''Spatula rhynchotis'') is a species of dabbling duck in the genus ''Spatula''. It ranges from 46 to 53 cm. It lives in heavily vegetated swamps. In Australia it is protected under the National Parks and Wildl ...

( mi, kuruwhengi)
''Spatula rhynchotis'' , , , B , , B , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , - ! Northern shoveler
''Spatula clypeata'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Pacific black duck or grey duck
( mi, pārera)
''Anas superciliosa '' , ex , , B , , B , , V , , V , , ex , , ex , , ex , , , , , - ! Chatham duck
''Anas chathamica'' , , , , , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Mallard The mallard () or wild duck (''Anas platyrhynchos'') is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurasia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Arge ...

''Anas platyrhynchos'' , I , , I , , I , , I , , I , , I , , I , , I , , , , , - ! Northern pintail
''Anas acuta'' , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Grey teal The grey teal (''Anas gracilis'') is a dabbling duck found in open wetlands in Australia and New Zealand. Description It can be identified due to the presence of a crimson coloured iris in its eyes.Winter, M. (2018). Grey Teal. Wilderness Mag ...

( mi, tētē)
''Anas gracilis'' , , , B , , B , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - !
Chestnut teal The chestnut teal (''Anas castanea'') is a dabbling duck found in Australia. It is protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974. Taxonomy The chestnut teal was described by the English naturalist Thomas Campbell Eyton in 1838 under ...

''Anas castanea'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Auckland teal
''Anas aucklandica'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , - ! Campbell teal
''Anas nesiotis'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , - ! Brown teal
( mi, pāteke)
''Anas chlorotis'' , , , B , , B , , ex , , ex , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Scarlett's duck Scarlett's duck (''Malacorhynchus scarletti'') is an extinct duck species from New Zealand which was closely related to the Australian pink-eared duck (''Malacorhynchus membranaceus''). The scientific name commemorates the late New Zealand ornith ...

''Malacorhynchus scarletti'' , , , X , , X , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Pink-eared duck
''Malacorhynchus membranaceus'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Hardhead
''Aythya australis'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! New Zealand scaup
( mi, pāpango)
''Aythya novaeseelandiae'' , , , B , , B , , ex , , ex , , , , , , , , , , , - !
New Zealand musk duck The New Zealand musk duck (''Biziura delautouri''), also known as de Lautour's duck, is an extinct stiff-tailed duck native to New Zealand. It is only known from subfossil bones. Its closest relative was the living Australian musk duck ''Biziura ...

''Biziura delautouri'' , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! New Zealand merganser
''Mergus australis'' , , , X , , X , , X , , , , , , X , , , , , , , - !
Chatham merganser The Chatham Island merganser (''Mergus milleneri'') is an extinct species of merganser duck. The Chatham merganser is known only from subfossils, so not much is known about the bird. It was the smallest of all ''Mergus'' species. Fossil record ...

''Mergus milleneri'' , , , , , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , - ! New Zealand stiff-tailed duck
''Oxyura vantetsi'' , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - Image:Paradise_Shelduck_-_New_Zealand_(38299750585).jpg,
Paradise shelduck The paradise shelduck (''Tadorna variegata''), also known as the paradise duck, or in Māori, is a species of shelduck, a group of goose-like ducks, which is endemic to New Zealand. Johann Friedrich Gmelin placed it in the genus ''Anas'' with ...
Image:Anas platyrhynchos male female quadrat.jpg,
Mallard The mallard () or wild duck (''Anas platyrhynchos'') is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurasia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Arge ...
(introduced) Image:Anas gracilis -Nga Manu Nature Reserve, Waikanae, New Zealand -swimming-8.jpg,
Grey teal The grey teal (''Anas gracilis'') is a dabbling duck found in open wetlands in Australia and New Zealand. Description It can be identified due to the presence of a crimson coloured iris in its eyes.Winter, M. (2018). Grey Teal. Wilderness Mag ...
Image:Brown Teal Male.JPG, Brown teal Image:Scaup on blue water. (14831764354).jpg, New Zealand scaup


Guineafowl

Order: Galliformes Family: Numididae The guineafowl are a family of birds native to Africa. They typically eat insects and seeds, are ground-nesting, and resemble
partridges A partridge is a medium-sized galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdic ...
, except with featherless heads.


New World quail

Order: GalliformesFamily: Odontophoridae The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. Image:069_-_CALIFORNIA_QUAIL_canet_rd,_sloco,_ca_(8718696139)_(cropped).jpg, California quail (introduced)


Megapodes

Order: GalliformesFamily: Megapodiidae The megapodes are stocky, medium-large, chicken-like
birds Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...
with small heads and large feet. Their name literally means "large foot" and is a reference to the heavy legs and feet typical of these terrestrial birds. All are browsers, and all but the malleefowl occupy wooded habitats.


Pheasants and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily:
Phasianidae The Phasianidae are a family (biology), family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, Turkey bird, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular Game (hunti ...
Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. Image:Fazanthaan.jpg, Ring-necked pheasant (introduced)


Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.


Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. })
''Hemiphaga chathamensis'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , ,


Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are
brood parasite Brood parasites are animals that rely on others to raise their young. The strategy appears among birds, insects and fish. The brood parasite manipulates a host, either of the same or of another species, to raise its young as if it were its own ...
s. })
''Urodynamis taitensis'' , P , , B , , B , , , , P , , P , , P , , , , , , , - !
Channel-billed cuckoo The channel-billed cuckoo (''Scythrops novaehollandiae'') is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Scythrops''.Payne (2005), p. 380. The species is the largest brood parasite in the world, and the largest ...

''Scythrops novaehollandiae'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Shining bronze-cuckoo
( mi, pīpīwharauroa)
''Chrysococcyx lucidus'' , P , , B , , B , , B , , B , , P , , P , , , , , , , - !
Pallid cuckoo The pallid cuckoo (''Cacomantis pallidus'') is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is found in Australia, with some migration to the islands of Timor and Papua New Guinea. It is between 28 and 33 cm ...

''Cacomantis pallidus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Fan-tailed cuckoo
''Cacomantis flabelliformis'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Oriental cuckoo
''Cuculus optatus'' , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , ,


Owlet-nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Aegothelidae The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia.


Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.


Adzebills

Order:
Gruiformes The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like". Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Aptornithidae The adzebills, genus ''Aptornis'', were two closely related bird species of the
extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
family Aptornithidae. Image:Aptornis_BW.jpg, North Island adzebill (extinct)


Rails

Order:
Gruiformes The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like". Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Rallidae Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers. })
''Porphyrio melanotus'' , I , , I, , I, , I, , I, , , , , , V , , , , , - !
Marsh crake Baillon's crake (''Zapornia pusilla''), also known as the marsh crake, is a small waterbird of the family Rallidae. Distribution Their breeding habitat is sedge beds in Europe, mainly in the east, and across the Palearctic. They used to breed i ...

''Zapornia pusilla'' , , , B, , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Spotless crake The spotless crake (''Zapornia tabuensis'') is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae. It is widely distributed species occurring from the Philippines, New Guinea and Australia, across the southern Pacific Ocean to the Marquesas Islands a ...

''Zapornia tabuensis'' , B , , B, , B , , , , ex , , , , , , , , , , , - Image:Stewart Island weka.jpg,
Weka The weka, also known as the Māori hen or woodhen (''Gallirallus australis'') is a flightless bird species of the rail family. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is the only extant member of the genus ''Gallirallus''. Four subspecies are recognize ...
Image:Porzana tabuensis -Crop.jpg,
Spotless crake The spotless crake (''Zapornia tabuensis'') is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae. It is widely distributed species occurring from the Philippines, New Guinea and Australia, across the southern Pacific Ocean to the Marquesas Islands a ...
Image:Pukeko (Porphyrio porphyrio) (11284335596).jpg, Pukeko Image:South Island Takahe. (Porphyrio hochstetteri) (8177479445).jpg,
South Island takahē South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz ...


Cranes

Order:
Gruiformes The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like". Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Gruidae Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".


Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. })
''Himantopus leucocephalus'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Black stilt
( mi, kakī)
''Himantopus novaezelandiae'' , , , P , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red-necked avocet
''Recurvirostra novaehollandiae'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - Image:Himantopus-novaezelandiae.jpg, Black stilt Image:Himantopus_leucocephalus_-_Sydney_Olympic_Park.jpg, Pied stilt


Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open
mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...
s. })
''Haematopus finschi'' , V , , P , , B , , P , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - !
Chatham oystercatcher The Chatham oystercatcher or Chatham Island oystercatcher (''Haematopus chathamensis'') is a species of oystercatcher. It is a wading bird endemic to the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. This species is rated by the IUCN as endangered, and has a cu ...

''Haematopus chathamensis'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Variable oystercatcher
( mi, tōrea pango)
''Haematopus unicolor'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , - File:Haematopus unicolor LC0246.jpg, Variable oystercatcher File:Chatham Island Oystercatcher (Haematopus chathamensis).jpg,
Chatham oystercatcher The Chatham oystercatcher or Chatham Island oystercatcher (''Haematopus chathamensis'') is a species of oystercatcher. It is a wading bird endemic to the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. This species is rated by the IUCN as endangered, and has a cu ...
File:South Island pied oystercatcher 2c.JPG, South Island oystercatcher


Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water. }, mi, pukunui, and mi, kūkuruatu)
''Charadrius obscurus'' , , , B , , B , , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Lesser sand plover
''Charadrius mongolus'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Greater sand plover
''Charadrius leschenaulti'' , , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Double-banded plover The double-banded plover (''Charadrius bicinctus''), known as the banded dotterel or pohowera in New Zealand, is a species of bird in the plover family. Two subspecies are recognised: the nominate ''Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus'', which breeds ...

''Charadrius bicinctus'' , V , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , , B , , P , , , , , - ! Red-capped plover
''Charadrius ruficapillus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Common ringed plover
''Charadrius hiaticula'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Semipalmated plover
''Charadrius semipalmatus'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Oriental plover
''Charadrius veredus'' , V , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red-kneed dotterel
''Elsyornis cinctus'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Shore plover The shore plover ( mi, tūturuatu, Moriori: ''tchūriwat’'', ''Thinornis novaeseelandiae''), also known as the shore dotterel, is a small plover endemic to New Zealand. Once found all around the New Zealand coast, it is now restricted to a few ...

( mi, tuturuatu)
''Thinornis novaeseelandiae'' , , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Black-fronted dotterel
''Elseyornis melanops'' , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Wrybill
( mi, ngutu parore)
''Anarhynchus frontalis'' , , , P , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - Image:Charadrius_bicinctus_LC0288_(cropped).jpg,
Double-banded plover The double-banded plover (''Charadrius bicinctus''), known as the banded dotterel or pohowera in New Zealand, is a species of bird in the plover family. Two subspecies are recognised: the nominate ''Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus'', which breeds ...
Image:New_Zealand_Dotterel_Waiheke_Island.jpg,
New Zealand dotterel The New Zealand dotterel (''Charadrius obscurus'') is a species of shorebird found only in certain areas of New Zealand. It is also called the New Zealand plover or red-breasted dotterel, and its Māori names include , , and . The southern s ...
Image:Maskedlapwing.jpg, Masked lapwing


Painted-snipes

Order: CharadriiformesFamily:
Rostratulidae The Rostratulidae, commonly known as the painted-snipes, are a family of wading birds that consists of two genera: ''Rostratula'' and '' Nycticryphes''. Description The painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the t ...
Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.


Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily:
Scolopacidae Sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. ...
The Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. })
''Calidris canutus'' , V , , P , , P , , , , P , , , , V , , V , , , , , - !
Ruff Ruff may refer to: Places *Ruff, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community *Ruff, Washington, United States, an unincorporated community Other uses *Ruff (bird) (''Calidris pugnax'' or ''Philomachus pugnax''), a bird in the wader fami ...

''Calidris pugnax'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Broad-billed sandpiper
''Calidris falcinellus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Sharp-tailed sandpiper
''Calidris acuminata'' , V , , P , , P , , P , , P , , V , , V , , , , , , , - ! Stilt sandpiper
''Calidris himantopus'' , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Curlew sandpiper
''Calidris ferruginea'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , - ! Long-toed stint
''Calidris subminuta'' , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red-necked stint
''Calidris ruficollis'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , - ! Sanderling
''Calidris alba'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Dunlin The dunlin (''Calidris alpina'') is a small wader, formerly sometimes separated with the other "stints" in the genus ''Erolia''. The English name is a dialect form of "dunling", first recorded in 1531–1532. It derives from ''dun'', "dull brown ...

''Calidris alpina'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Baird's sandpiper
''Calidris bairdii'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Little stint
''Calidris minuta'' , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Least sandpiper
''Calidris minutilla'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
White-rumped sandpiper The white-rumped sandpiper (''Calidris fuscicollis'') is a small shorebird that breeds in the northern tundra of Canada and Alaska. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds; these are known collectively as "pee ...

''Calidris fuscicollis'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Buff-breasted sandpiper The buff-breasted sandpiper (''Calidris subruficollis'') is a small wader, shorebird. The species name ''subruficollis'' is from Latin ''subrufus'', "reddish" (from ''sub'', "somewhat", and ''rufus'', "rufous") and ''collis'', "-necked/-throated" ...

''Calidris subruficollis'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Pectoral sandpiper
''Calidris melanotos'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Western sandpiper
''Calidris mauri'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Asian dowitcher
''Limnodromus semipalmatus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
North Island snipe The North Island snipe (''Coenocorypha barrierensis''), also known as the little barrier snipe or tutukiwi, is an extinct species of bird in the sandpiper family, Scolopacidae, that was endemic to New Zealand. Taxonomy and etymology Examination ...

''Coenocorypha barrierensis'' , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! South Island snipe
''Coenocorypha iredalei'' , , , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Chatham snipe
''Coenocorypha pusilla'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Forbes's snipe
''Coenocorypha chathamica'' , , , , , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Snares snipe
''Coenocorypha huegeli'' , , , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , - ! Subantarctic snipe
''Coenocorypha aucklandica'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , B , , B , , B , , , - !
Latham's snipe Latham's snipe (''Gallinago hardwickii''), also known as the Japanese snipe, is a medium-sized, long-billed, migratory snipe of the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Description The snipe is 29–33 cm long, with a wingspan of 50–54  ...

''Gallinago hardwickii'' , , , V , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Terek sandpiper
''Xenus cinereus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Wilson's phalarope
''Phalaropus tricolor'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red-necked phalarope
''Phalaropus lobatus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red phalarope
''Phalaropus fulicarius'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Common sandpiper The common sandpiper (''Actitis hypoleucos'') is a small Palearctic wader. This bird and its American sister species, the spotted sandpiper (''A. macularia''), make up the genus ''Actitis''. They are parapatric and replace each other geographic ...

''Actitis hypoleucos'' , , , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Grey-tailed tattler The grey-tailed tattler (''Tringa brevipes'', formerly ''Heteroscelus brevipes''Banks, Richard C.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V. Jr.; Rising, James D. & Stotz, Douglas F. (2006):Forty-seventh ...

''Tringa brevipes'' , V , , P , , P , , , , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , - !
Wandering tattler The wandering tattler (''Tringa incana''; formerly ''Heteroscelus incanus'': Pereira & Baker, 2005; Banks ''et al.'', 2006), is a medium-sized wading bird. It is similar in appearance to the closely related gray-tailed tattler, ''T. brevipes''. ...

''Tringa incana'' , V , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , - ! Common greenshank
''Tringa nebularia'' , , , P , , P , , , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , - ! Lesser yellowlegs
''Tringa flavipes'' , , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Marsh sandpiper The marsh sandpiper (''Tringa stagnatilis'') is a small wader. It is a rather small shank, and breeds in open grassy steppe and taiga wetlands from easternmost Europe to the Russian Far East. The genus name ''Tringa'' is the New Latin name given ...

''Tringa stagnatilis'' , , , P , , P , , , , P , , , , , , , , , ,


Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like
swallows The swallows, martins, and saw-wings, or Hirundinidae, are a family of passerine songbirds found around the world on all continents, including occasionally in Antarctica. Highly adapted to aerial feeding, they have a distinctive appearance. The ...
, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.


Skuas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae They are in general medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.


Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.
''Larus dominicanus'' , V , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , - ! Brown noddy
''Anous stolidus'' , B , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Black noddy
''Anous minutus'' , B , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Grey noddy
''Anous albivitta'' , B , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Blue noddy The blue noddy or ''hinaokū'' or ''manuohina'' (''Anous cerulea'') is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is also known as the blue-grey noddy. It is found in American Samoa, the Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Island ...

''Anous ceruleus'' , P , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! White tern
''Gygis alba'' , B , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Sooty tern The sooty tern (''Onychoprion fuscatus'') is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans, returning to land only to breed on islands throughout the equatorial zone. Taxonomy The sooty tern was described by Carl Linnaeu ...

''Onychoprion fuscatus'' , B , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Spectacled tern
''Onychoprion lunatus'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Bridled tern The bridled tern (''Onychoprion anaethetus'') is a seabird of the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus comes from ' meaning "claw" or "nail", and , meaning "saw". The specific ...

''Onychoprion anaethetus'' , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Little tern
''Sternula albifrons'' , V , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Fairy tern
''Sternula nereis'' , , , B , , ex , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Gull-billed tern
''Gelochelidon nilotica'' , , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Caspian tern
( mi, taranui)
''Hydroprogne caspia'' , V , , P , , P , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Black tern
''Chlidonias niger'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! White-winged tern
''Chlidonias leucopterus'' , , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Whiskered tern The whiskered tern (''Chlidonias hybrida'') is a tern in the family Laridae. The genus name is from Ancient Greek ''khelidonios'', "swallow-like", from ''khelidon'', "swallow". The specific ''hybridus'' is Latin for ''hybrid''; Peter Simon Palla ...

''Chlidonias hybrida'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Black-fronted tern The black-fronted tern (''Chlidonias albostriatus''), also known as sea martin, ploughboy, inland tern, riverbed tern or tarapiroe,Rod Morris and Alison Ballance, ''"Rare Wildlife of New Zealand"'', Random House, 2008 is a small tern generally f ...

( mi, tarapiroe)
''Chlidonias albostriatus'' , , , P , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! White-fronted tern
''Sterna striata'' , , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , - !
Black-naped tern The black-naped tern (''Sterna sumatrana'') is an oceanic tern mostly found in tropical and subtropical areas of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is rarely found inland. Description The tern is about 30 cm long with a wing length of 21 ...

''Sterna sumatrana'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Common tern
''Sterna hirundo'' , , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Arctic tern The Arctic tern (''Sterna paradisaea'') is a tern in the family Laridae. This bird has a circumpolar breeding distribution covering the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of Europe (as far south as Brittany), Asia, and North America (as far south a ...

''Sterna paradisaea'' , , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , - ! Antarctic tern
''Sterna vittata'' , , , V , , P , , B , , V , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , - ! Greater crested tern
''Thalasseus bergii'' , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Tropicbirds

Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. })
''Phaethon rubricauda'' , B , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Image:Red Tailed Tropic Bird.jpg,
Red-tailed tropicbird The red-tailed tropicbird (''Phaethon rubricauda'') is a seabird native to tropical parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. One of three closely related species of tropicbird (Phaethontidae), it was described by Pieter Boddaert in 1783. Superfic ...


Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes Family: Spheniscidae The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish,
squid True squid are molluscs with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes, though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting t ...
, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. })
''Eudyptula minor'' , , , B , , B , , B, , B , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Australian little penguin
''Eudyptula novaehollandiae'' , , , , , I, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Yellow-eyed penguin
( mi, hoiho)
''Megadyptes antipodes'' , , , V , , I, , I, , ex, , V , , B , , B , , , , , - !
Waitaha penguin The Waitaha penguin (''Megadyptes waitaha'') is an extinct species of New Zealand penguin described in 2009. Taxonomy The new species was discovered by University of Otago and University of Adelaide scientists comparing the foot bones of 500 ...

''Megadyptes waitaha'' , , , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Magellanic penguin
''Spheniscus magellanicus'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Fiordland penguin
( mi, tawaki, pokotiwha)
''Eudyptes pachyrhynchus'' , , , V , , B , , B , , , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - ! Snares penguin
''Eudyptes robustus'' , , , V , , V , , V , , V , , B , , V , , V , , V , , , - !
Erect-crested penguin The erect-crested penguin (''Eudyptes sclateri'') is a penguin endemic to the New Zealand region and only breeds on the Bounty Islands, Bounty and Antipodes Islands. It has black upper parts, white underparts and a yellow eye stripe and crest. I ...

''Eudyptes sclateri'' , , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , V , , B , , B , - ! Southern rockhopper penguin
''Eudyptes chrysocome'' , , , , , , , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Northern rockhopper penguin
''Eudyptes moseleyi'' , , , V , , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Royal penguin The royal penguin (''Eudyptes schlegeli'') is a species of penguin, which can be found on the sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island and adjacent islands. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies the royal penguin as near th ...

''Eudyptes schlegeli '' , , , V , , V , , , , V , , V , , , , V , , V , , , - ! Macaroni penguin
''Eudyptes chrysolophus '' , , , , , , , , , , , V , , , , V , , , , , - !
Chatham penguin The Chatham penguin (''Eudyptes warhami''), also known as the Chatham crested penguin, Chatham Islands penguin, or Warham's penguin, is an extinct species of crested penguin previously endemic to the Chatham Islands of New Zealand. It is known o ...

''Eudyptes warhami'' , , , , , X , , , , , File:Fiordland penguin (Mattern).jpg, Fiordland penguin File:MegadyptesAntipodes.jpg, Yellow-eyed penguin File:Blue Penguin Kapiti.jpg,
Little penguin The little penguin (''Eudyptula minor'') is a species of penguin from New Zealand. They are commonly known as little blue penguins or blue penguins owing to their slate-blue plumage and are also known by their Māori name . The Australian lit ...


Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world. Image:070226 southern royal albatross off Kaikoura 2.jpg, Royal albatross Image:070226_Shy_mollymawk_off_Kaikoura_2.jpg, White-capped albatross Image:Chatham Albatross-off Eaglehawk TAS-03Sept2011.jpg, Chatham albatross


Austral storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily:
Oceanitidae Austral storm petrels, or southern storm petrels, are seabirds in the family Oceanitidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hove ...
The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Image:Whitefacedstormpetrel2.jpg, White-faced storm-petrel Image:Garrodia nereis 2 - SE Tasmania.jpg,
Grey-backed storm-petrel The grey-backed storm petrel (''Garrodia nereis'') is a species of seabird in the austral storm petrel family Oceanitidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Garrodia''. It is found in Antarctica, Argentina, Australia, Chile, Falkland Islands, Fr ...


Northern storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae Northern storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Image:Lesp1.jpg,
Leach's storm-petrel Leach's storm petrel or Leach's petrel (''Hydrobates leucorhous'') is a small seabird of the tubenose order. It is named after the British zoologist William Elford Leach. The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek. ''Hydrobates'' is from ...


Petrels and shearwaters

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional
primary Primary or primaries may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Primary (band), from Australia * Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea * Primary Music, Israeli record label Works * ...
flight feather. })
''Ardenna grisea'' , P , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , P , - !
Short-tailed shearwater The short-tailed shearwater or slender-billed shearwater (''Ardenna tenuirostris''; formerly ''Puffinus tenuirostris''), also called yolla or moonbird, and commonly known as the muttonbird in Australia, is the most abundant seabird species in A ...

''Ardenna tenuirostris'' , colspan="10" align="center", P , - ! Christmas shearwater
''Puffinus nativitatis'' , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Manx shearwater The Manx shearwater (''Puffinus puffinus'') is a medium-sized shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. The scientific name of this species records a name shift: Manx shearwaters were called Manks puffins in the 17th century. Puffin is an ...

''Puffinus puffinus'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Hutton's shearwater Hutton's shearwater (''Puffinus huttoni'') or the kaikōura tītī, is a medium-sized ocean-going seabird in the family Procellariidae. Its range is Australian and New Zealand waters, but it breeds only in mainland New Zealand. Its conservatio ...

''Puffinus huttoni '' , , , P , , B , , P , , , , P , , , , , , , , , - !
Newell's shearwater Newell's shearwater or Hawaiian shearwater (''ʻaʻo''), (''Puffinus newelli'') is a seabird in the family Procellariidae. It belongs to a confusing group of shearwaters which are difficult to identify and whose classification is controversial. I ...

''Puffinus newelli'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Fluttering shearwater The fluttering shearwater (''Puffinus gavia'') is a species of seabird in the family Procellariidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and migrates to Australia and the Solomon Islands. Its natural habitats are open seas and rocky shores. It has been ...

''Puffinus gavia'' , P , , B , , P , , P , , P , , P , , , , , , , , , - !
Scarlett's shearwater Scarlett's shearwater (''Puffinus spelaeus'') is an extinct species of seabird in the petrel family Procellariidae. Its common name commemorates New Zealand palaeontologist Ron Scarlett, who recognised the bird's subfossil remains represented a ...

''Puffinus spelaeus'' , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Little shearwater
''Puffinus assimilis'' , B , , B , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Subantarctic shearwater The subantarctic shearwater (''Puffinus elegans'') is a small bird species which breeds in Tristan da Cunha, islands of the southern Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8 ...

''Puffinus elegans'' , , , P , , P , , P , , B , , P , , P , , B , , P , , P , - !
Common diving petrel The common diving petrel (''Pelecanoides urinatrix''), also known as the smaller diving petrel or simply the diving petrel, is a diving petrel, one of four very similar auk-like small petrels of the southern oceans. It is native to South Atlant ...

''Pelecanoides urinatrix'' , , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , - !
South Georgia diving petrel The South Georgia diving petrel or Georgian diving-petrel (''Pelecanoides georgicus'') is one of five very similar small auk-like diving petrels of the southern oceans. It is native to the South Atlantic and islands of the southern Indian Ocean a ...

''Pelecanoides georgicus'' , , , , , B , , ex , , , , , , ex , , , , , , Image:Pterodroma_inexpectata.jpg,
Mottled petrel The mottled petrel (''Pterodroma inexpectata'') or kōrure is a species of seabird and a member of the gadfly petrels. It usually attains in length with a wingspan. This species is highly pelagic, rarely approaching land, except to nest and re ...
Image:Bullershearwater.jpg,
Buller's shearwater Buller's shearwater (''Ardenna bulleri'') is a Pacific species of seabird in the family Procellariidae; it is also known as the grey-backed shearwater or New Zealand shearwater. A member of the black-billed wedge-tailed ''Thyellodroma'' group, a ...
Image:Hutton%27s_shearwater_(DOC).jpeg,
Hutton's shearwater Hutton's shearwater (''Puffinus huttoni'') or the kaikōura tītī, is a medium-sized ocean-going seabird in the family Procellariidae. Its range is Australian and New Zealand waters, but it breeds only in mainland New Zealand. Its conservatio ...


Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.


Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. Image:Adult and child Gannet at Muriwai.jpg, Australasian gannet


Darters

Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae Anhingas or
darters The darters, anhingas, or snakebirds are mainly tropical waterbirds in the family Anhingidae, which contains a single genus, ''Anhinga''. There are four living species, three of which are very common and widespread while the fourth is rarer and ...
are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.


Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. })
''Microcarbo melanoleucos'' , , , B , , B , , B , , V , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - ! Great cormorant
( mi, kawau)
''Phalacrocorax carbo'' , , , B , , B , , B , , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , - !
Spotted shag The spotted shag or pārekareka (''Phalacrocorax punctatus'') is a species of cormorant endemic to New Zealand. Though originally classified as ''Phalacrocorax punctatus'', it is sufficiently different in appearance from typical members of that ...

''Phalacrocorax punctatus'' , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Pitt shag The Pitt shag (''Phalacrocorax featherstoni''), also known as the Pitt Island shag or Featherstone's shag is a species of bird in the family Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to Pitt Island. Its natural habitats are open seas and rocky shores. ...

''Phalacrocorax featherstoni'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Little black cormorant The little black cormorant (''Phalacrocorax sulcirostris'') is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. It is common in smaller rivers and lakes throughout most areas of Australia and northern New Zealand, where it is known as the little bl ...

''Phalacrocorax sulcirostris'' , , , B , , B , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - !
Australian pied cormorant The Australian pied cormorant (''Phalacrocorax varius''), also known as the pied cormorant, pied shag, or great pied cormorant, is a medium-sized member of the cormorant family. It is found around the coasts of Australasia. In New Zealand, it i ...

( mi, kāruhiruhi)
''Phalacrocorax varius'' , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Bounty shag The Bounty shag (''Leucocarbo ranfurlyi''), also known as the Bounty Island shag, is a species of cormorant of the family Phalacrocoracidae. They are found only on the tiny and remote Subantarctic Bounty Islands, 670 km southeast of New Ze ...

''Leucocarbo ranfurlyi'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , V , , B , - ! New Zealand king shag
''Leucocarbo carunculatus'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Otago shag The Otago shag, (''Leucocarbo chalconotus''), together with the Foveaux shag formerly known as the Stewart Island shag and in its dark phase as the bronze shag, is a species of shag now found only in coastal Otago, New Zealand. Description T ...

''Leucocarbo chalconotus'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Foveaux shag
''Leucocarbo stewarti'' , , , , B , , , , , , , - !
Chatham shag The Chatham shag (''Leucocarbo onslowi''), also known as the Chatham Island shag, is a species of bird in the cormorant and shag family, Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to the Chatham Islands of New Zealand. For a long time the species was plac ...

''Leucocarbo onslowi'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Auckland shag
''Leucocarbo colensoi'' , , , , , , , , , , , V , , B , , , , , , , - !
Campbell shag The Campbell shag (''Leucocarbo campbelli''), also known as the Campbell Island shag, is a species of bird in the family Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to Campbell Island. Its natural habitats are open seas and rocky shores. It is a medium- ...

''Leucocarbo campbelli'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , - ! Macquarie shag
''Leucocarbo purpurascens'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , V , , Image:NZ280315 Kaikoura shag 03.jpg, Little shag Image:Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), Parc du Rouge-Cloître, Brussels, Belgium.jpg,
Black shag The great cormorant (''Phalacrocorax carbo''), known as the black shag in New Zealand and formerly also known as the great black cormorant across the Northern Hemisphere, the black cormorant in Australia, and the large cormorant in India, is a w ...
Image:Little Black Cormorant - Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (7017283253).jpg, Little black shag


Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Pelican Pelicans (genus ''Pelecanus'') are a genus of large water birds that make up the family Pelecanidae. They are characterized by a long beak and a large throat pouch used for catching prey and draining water from the scooped-up contents before s ...
s are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.


Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns,
heron The herons are long-legged, long-necked, freshwater and coastal birds in the family Ardeidae, with 72 recognised species, some of which are referred to as egrets or bitterns rather than herons. Members of the genera ''Botaurus'' and ''Ixobrychus ...
s and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. })
''Ardea alba'' , V , , P , , B , , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Intermediate egret
''Ardea intermedia'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! White-faced heron
''Egretta novaehollandiae'' , V , , B , , B , , V , , B , , V , , V , , V , , , , , - ! Little egret
''Egretta garzetta'' , V , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Pacific reef heron
''Egretta sacra'' , V , , B , , B , , P , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , - !
Cattle egret The cattle egret (''Bubulcus ibis'') is a cosmopolitan species of heron (family Ardeidae) found in the tropics, subtropics, and warm-temperate zones. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Bubulcus'', although some authorities regard it ...

''Bubulcus ibis'' , V , , P , , P , , P , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Nankeen night heron
''Nycticorax caledonicus'' , , , B , , V , , V , , , , V , , , , , , , , Image:Kotuku, White heron,( Egretta alba modesta,) (33049220145).jpg, White heron Image:The white-faced heron (Egretta novaehollandiae) (35435370352).jpg, White-faced heron Image:Reef Heron (8124292624).jpg, Reef heron


Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and
spoonbill Spoonbills are a genus, ''Platalea'', of large, long-legged wading birds. The spoonbills have a global distribution, being found on every continent except Antarctica. The genus name ''Platalea'' derives from Ancient Greek and means "broad", refe ...
s. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. Image:Royal Spoonbill - New Zealand (38491851044).jpg, Royal spoonbill


Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and includes the osprey, hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight. })
''Circus approximans'' , P , , I, , I, , I, , I, , P , , P , , P , , , , , - ! Black kite
''Milvus migrans'' , , , V , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Eyles's harrier Eyles's harrier (''Circus teauteensis'') is an extinct bird of prey which lived in New Zealand. Its closest relative is the smaller Swamp harrier (''Circus approximans''), which arrived in New Zealand after its extinction. Name This species was ...

''Circus teauteensis'' , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Haast's eagle
''Hieraaetus moorei'' , , , , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! White-bellied sea eagle
''Haliaeetus leucogaster'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


True owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. })
''Ninox novaeseelandiae'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - ! Laughing owl
( mi, whēkau)
''Ninox albifacies'' , , , X , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.


Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. })
''Todiramphus sanctus'' , B , , B , , B , , B , , V , , , , , , , , , ,


Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.


Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily:
Falconidae The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family is divided into three subfamilies, Herpetotherinae, which inclu ...
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons. })
''Falco novaeseelandiae'' , , , B , , B , , P , , ex , , P , , B , , , , , , , - !
Black falcon The black falcon (''Falco subniger'') is a medium-large falcon that is endemic to Australia. It can be found in all mainland states and territories and yet is regarded as Australia's most under-studied falcon.Debus, S.J.S. & Olsen, J. (2011). So ...

''Falco subniger'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Kea and kākā

Order: PsittaciformesFamily:
Nestoridae The New Zealand parrot family, Strigopidae,Nestoridae and Strigopidae are described in the same article, Bonaparte, C.L. (1849) ''Conspectus Systematis Ornithologiae''. Therefore, under rules of the ICZN, the first reviser determines priority, w ...
The genus ''
Nestor Nestor may refer to: * Nestor (mythology), King of Pylos in Greek mythology Arts and entertainment * "Nestor" (''Ulysses'' episode) an episode in James Joyce's novel ''Ulysses'' * Nestor Studios, first-ever motion picture studio in Hollywood, L ...
'' is the type and only
extant Extant is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Extant taxon, a taxon which is not extinct, ...
genus of the parrot family Nestoridae. The genus ''Nestor'' contains two
extant Extant is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Extant taxon, a taxon which is not extinct, ...
parrot species from New Zealand and two
extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
species from
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island (, ; Norfuk: ''Norf'k Ailen'') is an external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia, directly east of Australia's Evans Head and about from Lord Howe Island. Together with ...
,
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and Chatham Island, New Zealand, respectively.


Kākāpō

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Strigopidae The kākāpō, also known as owl parrot (''Strigops habroptilus''), is a species of large,
flightless Flightless birds are birds that through evolution lost the ability to fly. There are over 60 extant species, including the well known ratites (ostriches, emu, cassowaries, rheas, and kiwi) and penguins. The smallest flightless bird is the ...
,
nocturnal Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal", versus diurnal meaning the opposite. Nocturnal creatures generally have highly developed sens ...
, ground-dwelling parrot of the super-family
Strigopoidea The New Zealand parrot family, Strigopidae,Nestoridae and Strigopidae are described in the same article, Bonaparte, C.L. (1849) ''Conspectus Systematis Ornithologiae''. Therefore, under rules of the ICZN, the first reviser determines priority, ...
, endemic to New Zealand.


Cockatoos

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Cacatuidae The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.


Old world parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily:
Psittaculidae Psittaculidae is a family containing Old World parrots. It consists of five subfamilies: Agapornithinae, Loriinae, Platycercinae, Psittacellinae and Psittaculinae. This family has been accepted into ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World' ...
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from to in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand. })
''Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae'' , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , , B , , , , , , , - !
Reischek's parakeet Reischek's parakeet (''Cyanoramphus hochstetteri'') is a small green parrot confined to Antipodes Island, one of New Zealand’s subantarctic islands, which it shares with a congener, the larger Antipodes parakeet. Taxonomy The common name comm ...

''Cyanoramphus hochstetteri'' , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , B , , , - !
Yellow-crowned parakeet The yellow-crowned parakeet (''Cyanoramphus auriceps'') is a species of parakeet endemic to the islands of New Zealand. The species is found across the main three islands of New Zealand, North Island, South Island and Stewart Island/Rakiura, as we ...

( mi, kākāriki)
''Cyanoramphus auriceps'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Chatham parakeet The Chatham parakeet (''Cyanoramphus forbesi''), also known as Forbes' parakeet, is a rare parakeet endemic to the Chatham Islands group, New Zealand. This parakeet is one of New Zealand's rarest birds and is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN ...

''Cyanoramphus forbesi'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Malherbe's parakeet Malherbe's parakeet (''Cyanoramphus malherbi''), usually known as the orange-fronted parakeet ( mi, kākāriki karaka), is a small parrot endemic to New Zealand. In New Zealand it is always known as the orange-fronted parakeet, a name it shares ...

( mi, kākāriki karaka)
''Cyanoramphus malherbi'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Crimson rosella
''Platycercus elegans'' , , , I , , I , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Eastern rosella
''Platycercus eximius'' , , , I , , I , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Rainbow lorikeet The rainbow lorikeet (''Trichoglossus moluccanus'') is a species of parrot found in Australia. It is common along the eastern seaboard, from northern Queensland to South Australia. Its habitat is rainforest, coastal bush and woodland areas. Six ...

''Trichoglossus moluccanus'' , , , I , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


New Zealand wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acanthisittidae The New Zealand wrens are a family (Acanthisittidae) of tiny passerines endemic to New Zealand. They were represented by six known species in four or five
genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...
, although only two species survive in two genera today. They are understood to form a distinct lineage within the passerines, but authorities differ on their assignment to the
oscines A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 5000 ...
or suboscines (the two suborders that between them make up the Passeriformes). })
''Acanthisitta chloris'' , , , B , , B , , ex , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Bushwren The bushwren (''Xenicus longipes''), also known as the mātuhituhi in Māori, was a very small and almost flightless bird that was endemic to New Zealand. It had three subspecies on each of the major islands of New Zealand, the North Island, S ...

( mi, mātuhituhi)
''Xenicus longipes'' , , , X , , X , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! New Zealand rock wren
( mi, pīwauwau)
''Xenicus gilviventris'' , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
South Island stout-legged wren The South Island stout-legged wren or Yaldwyn's wren (''Pachyplichas yaldwyni'') is an extinct species of New Zealand wren, a family of small birds endemic to New Zealand. History and etymology The holotype is a right tarsometatarsus (NMNZS 226 ...

''Pachyplichas yaldwyni'' , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
North Island stout-legged wren The North Island stout-legged wren or Grant-Mackie's wren (''Pachyplichas jagmi'') is an extinct species of New Zealand wren, a family of small birds endemic to New Zealand. History and etymology The holotype is a right tarsometatarsus (AU 71 ...

''Pachyplichas jagmi'' , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - !
Long-billed wren The long-billed wren (''Cantorchilus longirostris'') is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Taxonomy and systematics The long-billed wren has been treated as being conspecific with the buff-breasted wren ...

''Dendroscansor decurvirostris'' , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Honeyeaters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Meliphagidae The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family, Meliphagidae, of small to medium-sized birds. The family includes the Australian chats, myzomelas,
friarbird The friarbirds, also called leatherheads, are about 15 species of relatively large honeyeaters in the genus ''Philemon''. Additionally, the single member of the genus ''Melitograis'' is called the white-streaked friarbird. Friarbirds are found ...
s, wattlebirds,
miner A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, chalk, clay, or other minerals from the earth through mining. There are two senses in which the term is used. In its narrowest sense, a miner is someone who works at the rock face; cutting, blasting, ...
s and melidectes. They are most common in
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and New Guinea, but also found in New Zealand, the Pacific islands as far east as Samoa and Tonga, and the islands to the north and west of New Guinea known as Wallacea. })
''Anthornis melanura'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , B , , V , , , , , , , - !
Chatham bellbird The Chatham bellbird (''Anthornis melanocephala'') is an extinct species of bird in the family Meliphagidae. It was endemic to the Chatham Islands. In appearance it was very similar to the New Zealand bellbird (''Anthornis melanura'') but was c ...

''Anthornis melanocephala'' , , , , , , , , , X , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Red wattlebird
''Anthochaera carunculata'' , , , V , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Scrubwrens, thornbills, and gerygones

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acanthizidae The Acanthizidae are small- to medium-sized birds with short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail. })
''Gerygone igata'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , V , , , , , , , , , - !
Chatham gerygone The Chatham gerygone or Chatham Island warbler (''Gerygone albofrontata'') is a species of bird in the family Acanthizidae. It is endemic to the Chatham Islands. The Chatham Island warbler is larger than and differs in plumage from the related gr ...

''Gerygone albofrontata'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , ,


Cuckooshrikes and trillers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured.


Whiteheads

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mohouidae ''Mohoua'' is a small genus of three bird species endemic to New Zealand. The
scientific name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
is taken from ''mohua'' – the
Māori Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...
name for the Yellowhead.''" Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds"; Volume 7'', edited by Peter Higgins, OUP, 2000 Their
taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...
placement has presented problems: They have typically been placed in the whistler family,
Pachycephalidae The Pachycephalidae are a family of bird species that includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and three of the pitohuis, and is part of the ancient Australo-Papuan radiation of songbirds. The family includes 64 species that are separated into f ...
, but in 2013 it was established that they are best placed in their own family, Mohouidae. })
''Mohoua albicilla'' , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Yellowhead
( mi, mohua)
''Mohoua ochrocephala'' , , , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , - ! Pipipi
( mi, pīpipi)
''Mohoua novaeseelandiae'' , , , , , B , , B , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds which are not closely related to the New World orioles


Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Artamidae Artamidae is a family of passerine birds found in Australia, the Indo-Pacific region, and Southern Asia. It includes 24 extant species in six genera and three subfamilies: Peltopsinae (with one genus, ''Peltops''), Artaminae (with one genus conta ...
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.


Fantails

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Rhipiduridae The family Rhipiduridae are small insectivorous birds of Australasia, Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent that includes the fantails and silktails. Taxonomy and systematics There are four genera classified within the family: * Subfamily R ...
The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails. })
''Rhipidura fuliginosa'' , , , B , , B , , B , , B , , ex , , , , , , , , , - !
Willie wagtail The willy (or willie) wagtail (''Rhipidura leucophrys'') is a passerine bird native to Australia, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, the Bismarck Archipelago, and Eastern Indonesia. It is a common and familiar bird throughout much of its range, ...

''Rhipidura leucophrys'' , , , , , , , , , V , , , , , , , , , ,


Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Monarchidae The monarchs (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks. Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland a ...
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by gleaning, hovering or flycatching.


Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae The family Corvidae includes crows,
raven A raven is any of several larger-bodied bird species of the genus ''Corvus''. These species do not form a single taxonomic group within the genus. There is no consistent distinction between "crows" and "ravens", common names which are assigned t ...
s,
jay A jay is a member of a number of species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the Crow family (biology), family, Corvidae. The evolutionary relationships between the jays and the magpies are rather complex. For examp ...
s, choughs,
magpie Magpies are birds of the Corvidae family. Like other members of their family, they are widely considered to be intelligent creatures. The Eurasian magpie, for instance, is thought to rank among the world's most intelligent creatures, and is one ...
s, treepies, nutcrackers, and
ground jay The ground jays or ground choughs belong to a distinct group of the passerine order of birds in the genus ''Podoces'' of the crow family Corvidae. They inhabit high altitude semi-desert areas from central Asia to Mongolia. Ground jays show adapt ...
s. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.


New Zealand wattlebirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Callaeidae Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kokako ...
Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the
South Island kokako South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz' ...
is critically endangered and may be extinct.


Stitchbird

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Notiomystidae The stitchbird or hihi (''Notiomystis cincta'') is a honeyeater-like bird endemic to the North Island and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. Its evolutionary relationships have long puzzled ornithologists, but it is now classed as th ...
The stitchbird or hihi (''Notiomystis cincta'') is a
honeyeater The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family (biology), family, Meliphagidae, of small to medium-sized birds. The family includes the Epthianura, Australian chats, myzomelas, friarbirds, wattlebirds, Manorina, miners and melidectes. They are ...
-like bird endemic to the
North Island The North Island, also officially named Te Ika-a-Māui, is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but much less populous South Island by the Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-largest ...
and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. Its evolutionary relationships have long puzzled
ornithologist Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the "methodological study and consequent knowledge of birds with all that relates to them." Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and th ...
s, but it is now classed as the only member of its own family, the Notiomystidae. })
''Notiomystis cincta'' , , , B , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,


Australasian robins

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Petroicidae The bird family Petroicidae includes 51 species in 19 genera. All are endemic to Australasia: New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and numerous Pacific Islands as far east as Samoa. For want of an accurate common name, the family is often called th ...
The bird family Petroicidae includes 49 species in 19 genera. All are endemic to Australasia: New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and numerous Pacific Islands as far east as Samoa. For want of an accurate common name, the family is often called the Australasian robins. Within the family the species are known not only as robins but as scrub-robins and flyrobins. They are, however, only distantly related to the
Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...
family Muscicapidae (to which other species with such names belong) and the monarch flycatchers (Monarchidae). })
''Petroica macrocephala'' , , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , , , , , , - ! Black robin
''Petroica traversi'' , , , , , , , , , B , , , , , , , , , ,


Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.


Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.


Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Locustellidae Locustellidae is a newly recognized family of small insectivorous songbirds ("warblers"), formerly placed in the Old World warbler "wastebin" family. It contains the grass warblers, grassbirds, and the ''Bradypterus'' "bush warblers". These bird ...
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over. } or )
''Poodytes punctatus'' , , , B , , B , , B , , , , B , , , , , , , ,


Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.


Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red, or orange vents, cheeks, throats, or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.


White-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye. })
''Zosterops lateralis'' , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , , B , ,


Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.


Thrushes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.


Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae The accentors are a genus of birds in the family Prunellidae, which is the only bird family endemic to the
Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...
.Liu, B. ''et al''. (2017
Explosive radiation and spatial expansion across the cold environments of the Old World in an avian family
''Ecology and Evolution''. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3136 This small group of closely related passerines are all in the genus ''Prunella''.


Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Sparrow Sparrow may refer to: Birds * Old World sparrows, family Passeridae * New World sparrows, family Passerellidae * two species in the Passerine family Estrildidae: ** Java sparrow ** Timor sparrow * Hedge sparrow, also known as the dunnock or hedg ...
s are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.


Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Motacillidae The wagtails, longclaws, and pipits are a family, Motacillidae, of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. Around 70 species occur in five genera. The longclaws are entirely restricted to the Afrotropics, and the wagtails are predominan ...
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country. })
''Anthus novaeseelandiae'' , V , , B , , B , , B , , B , , V , , B , , , , B , ,


True finches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.


Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.


See also

*
List of birds of Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica This list is based on the '' Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds'list, May 2002 update with the doubtfuls omitted. It includes the birds of Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and the surrounding ocean and subantarctic islan ...
* Lists of birds by region * List of endemic birds of New Zealand * Fauna of New Zealand


Notes


References

*Heather, Barrie; Robertson, Hugh (1996). ''The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand''. *Collinson, Martin (June 2006).
Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists
'' British Birds'' vol 99, pp. 306–323.


External links


New Zealand Birds online
A comprehensive guide to the birds of New Zealand, maintained b
Birds New Zealand
th
Department of Conservation
an
Te Papa

CSV file with names from New Zealand Birds online
A list of all New Zealand Birds including common and scientific names, derived fro
New Zealand Birds online

New Zealand birds A–Z
Department of Conservation
What Bird?
A tool for identifying birds that are likely to be encountered in and around New Zealand forests (not intended to be a complete database of the birds of New Zealand).

New Zealand native birds list. {{Birds of New Zealand ' New Zealand
Birds Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...