This is a list of monarchs of the

Duchy of Brittany The Duchy of Brittany ( br, Dugelezh Breizh, ; french: Duché de Bretagne) was a medieval feudal state that existed between approximately 939 and 1547. Its territory covered the northwestern peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to ...

. In different epochs the sovereigns of

Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, Historical region, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known ...

were kings, princes, and dukes. The Breton ruler was sometimes elected, sometimes attained the position by conquest or intrigue, or by hereditary right. Hereditary dukes were sometimes a female ruler, carrying the title duchesse of Brittany. Its principal cities and regions were ruled by counts who often found themselves in conflict with the Breton ruler, or who became the Breton ruler. During the declining years of the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterr ...

, the earliest

Breton Breton most often refers to: *anything associated with Brittany, and generally ** Breton people ** Breton language, a Southwestern Brittonic Celtic language of the Indo-European language family, spoken in Brittany ** Breton (horse), a breed **Ga ...

rulers in

Gaul Gaul ( la, Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first described by the Romans. It was inhabited by Celtic and Aquitani tribes, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, most of Switzerland, parts of Northern Italy (only during ...

were styled "kings" of the small realms of Cornouaille and Domnonia. Some such kings may have had a form of hegemony over all of the

Brythonic Brittonic or Brythonic may refer to: *Common Brittonic, or Brythonic, the Celtic language anciently spoken in Great Britain *Brittonic languages, a branch of the Celtic languages descended from Common Brittonic *Britons (Celtic people) The Br ...

populations in the Armorican

peninsula A peninsula (; ) is a landform that extends from a mainland and is surrounded by water on most, but not all of its borders. A peninsula is also sometimes defined as a piece of land bordered by water on three of its sides. Peninsulas exist on all ...

, and

Riothamus Riothamus (also spelled Riutimus or Riotimus) was a Romano-British military leader, who was active circa AD 470. He fought against the Goths in alliance with the declining Western Roman Empire. He is called "King of the Britons" by the 6th-century ...

is called

King of the Britons The title King of the Britons ( cy, Brenin y Brythoniaid, la, Rex Britannorum) was used (often retrospectively) to refer to the most powerful ruler among the Celtic Britons, both before and after the period of Roman Britain up until the Norma ...

by the chronicler

Jordanes Jordanes (), also written as Jordanis or Jornandes, was a 6th-century Eastern Roman bureaucrat widely believed to be of Goths, Gothic descent who became a historian later in life. Late in life he wrote two works, one on Roman history (''Romana ...

. However, there are no certain rulers of the whole of Brittany, which was divided into the fiefdoms of local counts. The Duchy of Brittany had its origins in the Battle of

Trans-la-Forêt Trans-la-Forêt () is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France. It is the site of the 939 AD Battle of Trans-la-Forêt. Population See also *Communes of the Ille-et-Vilaine department The following is ...

of 939, which established the river

Couesnon The Couesnon (; br, Kouenon) is a river running from the ''département'' of Mayenne in north-western France, forming an estuary at Mont Saint-Michel. It is long, and its drainage basin is . Its final stretch forms the border between the histor ...

as the boundary between Brittany and Normandy. In 942, Alan II paid homage to Louis IV of France; however, the duchy did not gain royal attention until 1123, when

Louis VI of France Louis VI (late 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (french: link=no, le Gros) or the Fighter (french: link=no, le Batailleur), was King of the Franks from 1108 to 1137. Chronicles called him "King of Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member ...

confirmed the bishop of Nantes. No other Duke of Brittany repeated Alan II's homage until Arthur I recognised Philip II of France as his liege in 1202. The area was often called a Duchy, and its monarchs were considered independent Sovereign Dukes. However, one historical view is that before the middle of the 12th century the Dukes of Brittany were often also called Counts by the Kings of France, as the kingdom of France then saw Brittany as no more than a county. In 1297, the peninsula was elevated into a Duchy in the peerage of France. This view is not consistent with the manner in which

Charles VIII of France Charles VIII, called the Affable (french: l'Affable; 30 June 1470 – 7 April 1498), was King of France from 1483 to his death in 1498. He succeeded his father Louis XI at the age of 13.Paul Murray Kendall, ''Louis XI: The Universal Spider'' (Ne ...

and then

Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the tim ...

approached the Duchy and the rights of

Anne of Brittany Anne of Brittany (; 25/26 January 1477 – 9 January 1514) was reigning Duchess of Brittany from 1488 until her death, and Queen of France from 1491 to 1498 and from 1499 to her death. She is the only woman to have been queen consort of France ...

who married each in succession.

Early Breton monarchs

* Conan Meriadoc (4th century) – by tradition, the founder of Brittany * Budic II (early 6th century) *

Waroch II Waroch ( br, Gwereg) was an early Breton ruler of the Vannetais ('). Waroch, or his grandfather Waroch I, gave his name to the traditional Breton province of Bro-Waroch ("land of Waroch"). However, it is possible that there were several success ...

(late 6th century) *

Saint Judicaël Saint Judicael or Judicaël ( – 16 December 647 or 652) (Welsh:Ithel), also spelled Judhael (with many other variants), was the King of Domnonée, part of Brittany, in the mid-7th century and later revered as a Roman Catholic saint. Bac ...

(early 7th century) *

Alain II Hir Alain II Hir, "Alain II the tall", (c. 630 690), also known as Alan Hir was a king of Brittany who succeeded his father Iudicael as King of Cornouaille not to be confused with the contemporary Saint Iudicael King of Domnonee who was son of I ...

(640?–690) *

Morman Morman (also spelled Morvan, Morwan, or Moruuan) (died 818) was a Breton chieftain who was declared king (''rex'') after the death of the Bretons' Frankish overlord Charlemagne in 814. He is the first person known by name to be described as a Bret ...

( 814–818) *

Wihomarc Wihomarc or Wiomarc'h (french: Guyomard; died 825) was a Breton chieftain "who seemed to have greater authority than the other Breton leaders" and who revolted against Frankish overlordship in 822 and held on to his power until his death. His rebel ...

( 822–825)

Dukes of Brittany

Dukes under the
Carolingians The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

* Nominoe (or ''Nevenoe'') ( 841–851), as a ''

missus dominicus A ''missus dominicus'' (plural ''missi dominici''), Latin for "envoy of the lord uler or ''palace inspector'', also known in Dutch as Zendgraaf (German: ''Sendgraf''), meaning "sent Graf", was an official commissioned by the Frankish king or Hol ...

'' of the

Emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

,Pierre Riche, ''The Carolingians: A family who forged Europe'', Transl. Michael Idomir Allen (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), 195. a count of

Vannes Vannes (; br, Gwened) is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in north-western France. It was founded over 2,000 years ago. History Celtic Era The name ''Vannes'' comes from the Veneti, a seafaring Celtic people who lived ...

(Gwened) and arguably a duke (''dux'') of Brittany *

Erispoe Erispoe (french: Erispoë; la, Herispoius, Herispogius, Respogius; died 2 or 12 November 857) was Duke of Brittany from 851 to his death. After the death of his father Nominoe, he led a successful military campaign against the Franks, culminating ...

( 851–857), as a duke, then as a king * Salomon (or ''Salaun'') ( 857–874), as a duke, then a king * Pasquitan (or ''Paskweten'') ( 874–877), ruling Brittany (southern part) with Gurvand *

Gurvand Wrhwant, Gurwant, Gurwent or Gurvand ( la, Vurfandus) (died 876) was a claimant to the Kingdom of Brittany from 874 until his death in opposition to Pascweten, Count of Vannes. Wrhwant was complicit in the conspiracy which assassinated Salomon i ...

( 874–877), ruling Brittany (northern part) with Pasquitan * Judicael ( 877–888), successor of Gurvand, ruled Brittany (north) with Alan the Great (south) *

Alan the Great Alan I (french: Alain; died 907), called the Great,F. McNair (2015), "Vikings and Bretons? The Language of Factional Politics in Late Carolingian Brittany", ''Viking and Medieval Scandinavia'' 11: 183–202. was the Count of Vannes and Duke of Bri ...

(reigned from 877 to 888 with Judicaël, alone as a duke, then as a king up to 907) *

Gourmaëlon Gourmaëlon or Wrmaelon (died 913/4), was the Count of Cornouaille and ''de facto'' ruler of Brittany from 907 – . As ruler of Brittany he was considered ''Prince de Bretagne'' in some chronicles and histories. His actual history is among the leas ...

, Count of Cornouaille (reigned from 907 as a guardian of the kingdom) The succession was interrupted by the

Viking Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and se ...

occupation (913–937)

House of Nantes

, width=auto, Alan II
the Fox
(''Alan al Louarn'')
938–952 , , before 919
son of Mathuedoi, Count of Poher, and a daughter of Alan I , (1) Roscille of Anjou
943
(2) ? of Blois
bef. 949/51
one son , 952

Nantes Nantes (, , ; Gallo: or ; ) is a city in Loire-Atlantique on the Loire, from the Atlantic coast. The city is the sixth largest in France, with a population of 314,138 in Nantes proper and a metropolitan area of nearly 1 million inhabita ...

aged about 33 , - , width=auto, Drogo
(''Drogon'')
952–958 , , 949/52
only legitimate son of Alan II , ''never married'' , 958
Angers
aged 5–9 , - , width=auto, Hoël I
(''Hoel Iañ '')
958–981 , , ?
illegitimate son of Alan II and the "noble" Judith , ''never married'' , 981
, - , width=auto, Guerech
(''Guerech Iañ'')
981–988 , , ?
illegitimate son of Alan II and the "noble" Judith, younger brother of Hoël I , Aremburga of Ancenis
after 981
one son , 988
, - , width=auto,

Alan Alan may refer to: People *Alan (surname), an English and Turkish surname * Alan (given name), an English given name **List of people with given name Alan ''Following are people commonly referred to solely by "Alan" or by a homonymous name.'' *A ...

(''Alan Breizh'')
988–990 , , after 981
son of Guerech and Aremburga of Ancenis , ''never married'' , 990 , -

House of
Rennes Rennes (; br, Roazhon ; Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department ...

, width=auto, Conan I
(''Konan Iañ'')
990–992 , , 927
eldest son of Judicael Berengar, Count of Rennes and Gerberga ,

Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou Ermengarde of Anjou, ( - ),She is called Ermengarde in northern

rench The Rench is a right-hand tributary of the Rhine in the Ortenau (Baden (Land), Central Baden, Germany). It rises on the southern edge of the Northern Black Forest at Kniebis near Bad Griesbach im Schwarzwald. The source farthest from the mouth is ...

sources however at least one early southern source calls her Gerberga. Angevins were known to give daughters two names as evidenced by her aunt, called Adelaide-Blanche. S ...

973
five children , 27 June 992

Conquereuil Conquereuil (; br, Konkerel) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. Population See also *Communes of the Loire-Atlantique department The following is a list of the 207 communes of the Loire-Atlantique departm ...

aged 64–65 , - , width=auto, Geoffrey I
(''Jafrez Iañ '')
992–1008 , , 980
eldest son of Conan I and

Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou Ermengarde of Anjou, ( - ),She is called Ermengarde in northern

sources however at least one early southern source calls her Gerberga. Angevins were known to give daughters two names as evidenced by her aunt, called Adelaide-Blanche. S ...

Hawise of Normandy Hawise of Normandy (died 21 February 1034) was Countess of Rennes, Duchess of Brittany and Regent to her son Alan III, Duke of Brittany from 1008 until 1026.Her husband, Geoffrey, Count of Rennes, assumed the title Duke of Brittany in 992 but it wa ...

996
four children , 20 November 1008
aged 27–28 , - , width=auto, Alan III
(''Alan III'')
1008–1040
''with Odo I as regent, then co-ruler (1008–1034)'' , Alan_III_of_Brittany_(icon)

, 997
eldest son of Geoffrey I and

Bertha of Blois Bertha of Blois (French: ''Berthe de Blois''; c. 1005 — c. 1080), was a Duchess consort of Brittany and a countess consort of Maine (province), Maine. Life Bertha was the daughter of Odo II, Count of Blois and Ermengarde of Auvergne. In 1029, ...

1018
two children , 1 October 1040
Montgommery
aged 42–43 , - , width=auto, Odo I
(''Eozen I'')
1008–1034
''as regent, then co-ruler to Alan III'' , Eudes

, 999
second son of Geoffrey I and

, Orguen of Cornouaille
six children , 1079
Cesson
aged 79–80 , - , width=auto, Conan II
(''Konan II'')
1040–1066
''with Odo I as regent (1040–1057)'' , , 1033
only son of Alan III and

, ''never married'' , 11 December 1066
Château-Gontier
aged 32–33 , - , width=auto, Hawise
(''Hawiz'')
1066–1072
''with Hoël II '' , , 1037
only daughter of Alan III and

, rowspan="2", 1066
seven children , 19 August 1072
aged 34–35 , - , width=auto, Hoël II
(''Hoël II'')
1066–1072
''with Hawise '' , , 1031
eldest son of Alain Canhiart, Count of Cornouaille and

Judith of Nantes Judith of Nantes (died 27 February 1063) was titular Countess of Nantes from 1051 to her death in 1063. Life Judith was the daughter of Judicaël of Nantes and the sister of Budic of Nantes. She married Alain Canhiart, Count of Cornouaille, ar ...

, descendant of Alan II , 13 April 1084
aged 52–53 , -

House of Cornouaille

, width=auto, Alan IV
the Younger
(''Alan IV Fergant '')
1072–1112
''with Hoël II as regent
(1072–1084)'' , Sceau Alain Fregent

, bef. 1060
eldest son of Hoël II and Hawise , (1)

Constance of Normandy Constance of Normandy (between 1057 and 1061 – 13 August 1090) was a Duchess of Brittany. She was one of the nine children of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders. She was born in Normandy, where her father was duke. William of Jumiè ...

1086/88
no issue
(2) Ermengarde of Anjou
1093
three children , 13 October 1119

Redon Abbey Redon Abbey, or Abbey of Saint-Sauveur, Redon ("Abbey of the Holy Saviour"; french: Abbaye Saint-Sauveur de Redon), in Redon in the present Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany, France, is a former Benedictine abbey founded in 832 by Saint Conwoïon, at the p ...

aged 60s , - , width=auto, Conan III
the Fat
(''Konan III'')
1112–1148 , Bannière Maison Cornouaille

, 1093–1096
eldest son of Alan IV and Ermengarde of Anjou , Maud FitzRoy
1112
three children , 17 September 1148
aged 54–58 , - , width=auto, Bertha
(''Berta'')
1148–1156
''with Odo II '' , Bannière Maison Cornouaille

, 1114
eldest daughter of Conan III and Maud FitzRoy , (1)

Alan, 1st Earl of Richmond Alan, 1st Earl of Richmond (before 1100 – 15 September 1146), Breton ''Alan Penteur'', also known as "Alan the Black", was a Breton noble who fought for Stephen, King of England. Alan was the third son of Stephen, Count of Tréguier, and ...

1137/8
three children
(2) Odo II
1148
three children , 1156
aged 41–43 , - , width=auto, Odo II
(''Eozen II'')
1148–1156
''with Bertha '' , Bannière Eudes de Porhoët

, ?
eldest son of Geoffrey, Viscount of Porhoet and Hawise , (1) Bertha
1148
three children
(2) Joan-Eleanor of Léon
August 1167
two or three children , 1170
, -

House of Penthièvre

, width=auto, Conan IV the Black
(''Konan IV'')
1156–1166 , Conan IV de Bretagne

, 1138
only son of Alan of Penthièvre, 1st Earl of Richmond and Bertha , Margaret of Huntingdon
1160
one daughter , 20 February 1171
aged 33 , - , width=auto,

Constance Constance may refer to: Places *Konstanz, Germany, sometimes written as Constance in English *Constance Bay, Ottawa, Canada * Constance, Kentucky * Constance, Minnesota * Constance (Portugal) * Mount Constance, Washington State People * Consta ...

(''Konstanza'')
1166–1201
''with Geoffrey II
(1181–1186)
with Arthur I
(1196–1201)
with Guy
(1199–1201)'' , Bannière Maison Penthièvre

, 1161
daughter of

Conan IV Conan IV ( 1138 – February 20, 1171), called the Young, was the Duke of Brittany from 1156 to 1166. He was the son of Bertha, Duchess of Brittany, and her first husband, Alan, Earl of Richmond. Conan IV was his father's heir as Earl of Richmon ...

and Margaret of Huntingdon , (1) Geoffrey II
July 1181
three children
(2) Ranulf
3 February 1188
no issue
(3) Guy of Thouars
October 1199
two or three daughters , 5 September 1201

aged 40 , - , width=auto, Geoffrey II
(''Jafrez II'')
1181–1186
''with

'' ,

, 23 September 1158
fourth son of

Henry II of England Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (french: link=no, Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress, or Henry Plantagenet, was King of England from 1154 until his death in 1189, and as such, was the first Angevin king ...

and

Eleanor of Aquitaine Eleanor ( – 1 April 1204; french: Aliénor d'Aquitaine, ) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII, Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from ...

July 1181
three children , 19 August 1186
Paris, France
aged 27 , - , width=auto, Guy
(''Gi'')
1199–1201
1203–1213''
with

(1199–1201)
with

Alix ''Alix'', or ''The Adventures of Alix'', is a Franco-Belgian comics series drawn in the ligne claire style by Jacques Martin. The stories revolve around a young Gallo-Roman man named Alix in the late Roman Republic. Although the series is re ...

(1203–1213)'' , , birth date unknown
second son of Aimery IV of Thouars and Aénor of Lusignan , (1)

October 1199
two or three daughters
(2) Eustachie of Chemillé
1203
two sons , 13 April 1213
Chemillé, France , -

House of Plantagenet The House of Plantagenet () was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. The family held the English throne from 1154 (with the accession of Henry II at the end of the Anarchy) to 1485, when Richard III died in b ...

, width=auto, Arthur I
(''Arzhur Iañ'')
1196–1203
''with

(1196–1201)'' , Artur of Brittany

, 29 March 1187
in

,
only son of Geoffrey II and

, never married , Disappeared in captivity aged 16; fate unknown , - Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, eldest daughter of Geoffrey and Constance and full elder sister of Arthur, also unmarried, was prevented from succession for her imprisonment in England which lasted till her death in 1241, thus was merely a titular duchess from 1208 to 1214 when

John, King of England John (24 December 1166 – 19 October 1216) was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216. He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse of the Angevin Empi ...

ceased to support her claim.

House of Thouars

, width=auto,

(''Alis'')
1203–1221
''with Guy as regent
(1203–1213)
with

Peter I Peter I may refer to: Religious hierarchs * Saint Peter (c. 1 AD – c. 64–88 AD), a.k.a. Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon, apostle of Jesus * Pope Peter I of Alexandria (died 311), revered as a saint * Peter I of Armenia (died 1058), Catholico ...

(1213–1221)'' , Alix_de_Thouars

, 1200
eldest daughter of Guy and

1213
three children , 21 October 1221
aged 21 , - , width=auto, Peter I
Mauclerc
(''Pêr Iañ'')
1213–1221
''with

'' ,

, 1190
second son of

Robert II of Dreux Robert II of Dreux (1154 – 28 December 1218), Count of Dreux and Braine, was the eldest surviving son of Robert I, Count of Dreux, and Agnes de Baudemont, countess of Braine, and a grandson of King Louis VI of France. He participated in ...

and Yolanda de Coucy , (1)

1213
three children
(2) Nicole
1230
one son
(3) Marguerite de Commequiers
bef. January 1236
no issue , 6 July 1250
sea off

Damietta Damietta ( arz, دمياط ' ; cop, ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲁϯ, Tamiati) is a port city and the capital of the Damietta Governorate in Egypt, a former bishopric and present multiple Catholic titular see. It is located at the Damietta branch, an easter ...

aged 59–60 , -

House of Dreux The House of Dreux was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. It was founded by Robert I, Count of Dreux, a son of Louis VI of France, who was given the County of Dreux as his appanage. The Counts of Dreux were relatively minor nobles in France ...

, width=auto, John I
the Red
(''Yann Iañ ar Ruz'')
1221–1286
''with

as regent
(1221–1237)'' , Jean_le_Roux

, 1217/18
eldest son of

and

, Blanche of Navarre

Château-Thierry Château-Thierry () is a French commune situated in the department of the Aisne, in the administrative region of Hauts-de-France, and in the historic Province of Champagne. The origin of the name of the town is unknown. The local tradition att ...

Aisne Aisne ( , ; ; pcd, Ainne) is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. It is named after the river Aisne. In 2019, it had a population of 531,345.Château de l'Isle A château (; plural: châteaux) is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowaday ...

Férel Férel (; br, Ferel) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. Inhabitants of Férel are called in French ''Férélais''. See also *La Baule - Guérande Peninsula *Communes of the Morbihan department The fo ...

Morbihan Morbihan ( , ; br, Mor-Bihan ) is a department in the administrative region of Brittany, situated in the northwest of France. It is named after the Morbihan (''small sea'' in Breton), the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastli ...

aged 67–69 , - , width=auto,

John II John II may refer to: People * John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (1455–1499) * John II Casimir Vasa of Poland (1609–1672) * John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch (died 1302) * John II Doukas of Thessaly (1303–1318) * John II Komnenos (1087–1 ...

(''Yann II'')
1286–1305 , Jean II de Bretagne (détail)

, 3/4 January 1239
eldest son of

John I John I may refer to: People * John I (bishop of Jerusalem) * John Chrysostom (349 – c. 407), Patriarch of Constantinople * John of Antioch (died 441) * Pope John I, Pope from 523 to 526 * John I (exarch) (died 615), Exarch of Ravenna * John I o ...

and Blanche of Navarre ,

Beatrice of England Beatrice of England (25 June 1242 – 24 March 1275) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the daughter of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence. Childhood Born 25 June 1242, Beatrice was the second-eldest daughter of King Henry I ...

Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an historic, mainly Gothic church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the United ...

, London
25 December 1260
eight children , 16 November 1305

Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of t ...

aged 66 , - , width=auto, Arthur II
(''Arzhur II'')
1305–1312 , Artur Bretan

, 2 July 1262
eldest son of

and

, (1) Marie of Limoges

Tours Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Indre-et-Loire. The Communes of France, commune of Tours had 136,463 ...

1277
three children
(2) Yolande of Dreux
May 1292
six children , 27 August 1312

Château de l'Isle A château (; plural: châteaux) is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowaday ...

aged 50 , - , width=auto, John III
the Good
(''Yann III'')
1312–1341 , PohrebJana3Bretan

, 8 March 1286
Château de Champtoceaux,

Maine-et-Loire Maine-et-Loire () is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-e ...

eldest son of Arthur II and Marie of Limoges , (1) Isabella of Valois
18 February 1298
no issue
(2) Isabella of Castile and León

Burgos Burgos () is a city in Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Burgos. Burgos is situated in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, on the confluence of t ...

21 June 1310
no issue
(3)

Joan of Savoy Joan may refer to: People and fictional characters *Joan (given name), including a list of women, men and fictional characters *:Joan of Arc, a French military heroine *Joan (surname) Weather events *Tropical Storm Joan (disambiguation), multiple ...

Chartres Chartres () is the prefecture of the Eure-et-Loir department in the Centre-Val de Loire region in France. It is located about southwest of Paris. At the 2019 census, there were 170,763 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Chartres (as d ...

21 March 1330
no issue , 30 April 1341

Caen Caen (, ; nrf, Kaem) is a commune in northwestern France. It is the prefecture of the department of Calvados. The city proper has 105,512 inhabitants (), while its functional urban area has 470,000,Breton War of Succession

, width=auto, Joan
the Lame
(''Janed'')
1341–1364
''with

Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...

'' ,

, 1319
only daughter of

Guy of Brittany, Count of Penthièvre Guy or GUY may refer to: Personal names * Guy (given name) * Guy (surname) * That Guy (...), the New Zealand street performer Leigh Hart Places * Guy, Alberta, a Canadian hamlet * Guy, Arkansas, US, a city * Guy, Indiana, US, an unin ...

and Joan of Avaugour , rowspan="2", Paris
4 June 1337
five children , 10 September 1384
Guingamp
aged 64–65 , - , width=auto,

(''Charlez Iañ'')
1341–1364
''with

Joan Joan may refer to: People and fictional characters * Joan (given name), including a list of women, men and fictional characters *:Joan of Arc, a French military heroine * Joan (surname) Weather events *Tropical Storm Joan (disambiguation), multip ...

'' ,

, 1319
Blois
second son of

Guy I, Count of Blois Guy I of Châtillon, Count of Blois (died 12 August 1342), son of Hugh II of Châtillon and Beatrix of Dampierre, was Count of Blois and Lord of Avesnes 1307–1342. In 1310, he married Margaret of Valois, daughter of Charles of Valois and s ...

and Margaret of Valois , 29 September 1364

Auray Auray (; br, An Alre, or simply ) is a commune in the Morbihan department, administrative region of Brittany, northwestern France. Inhabitants of Auray are called ''Alréens'' (French) and ''Alreiz'' (Breton). Geography The city is surrounde ...

aged 44–45 , - , width=auto, John (IV) of Montfort
(''Yann IV Moñforzh'')
May 1341–1345 , Jan z Montfortu

, 1293
only son of Arthur II and Yolande de Dreux ,

Joanna of Flanders Joanna of Flanders ( 1295 – September 1374) was Duchess of Brittany by her marriage to John of Montfort. Much of her life was taken up in defence of the rights of her husband and, later, son to the dukedom, which was challenged by the House of ...

March 1329
two children , 26 September 1345
Château d'Hennebon,

Hennebont Hennebont (; ) is a commune in the Morbihan department in the region of Brittany in north-western France. Geography Hennebont is situated about ten miles from the mouth of the River Blavet, which divides it into two parts: the ''Ville Close'', ...

aged 51–52 , - , width=auto, John (V) of Montfort
(''Yann V Moñforzh'')
1345–1364 , Jan5Bretan

, 1339
only son of

John of Montfort John of Montfort ( xbm, Yann Moñforzh, french: Jean de Montfort) (1295 – 26 September 1345,Etienne de Jouy. Œuvres complètes d'Etienne Jouy'. J. Didot Ainé. p. 373. Château d'Hennebont), sometimes known as John IV of Brittany, and 6th E ...

and

, (1) Mary Plantagenet of England
Woodstock Palace,

Woodstock, Oxfordshire Woodstock is a market town and civil parish, north-west of Oxford in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 3,100. Blenheim Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is next to Wo ...

summer of 1361
no issue
(2)

Joan Holland Lady Joan Holland (ca. 1380–12 April 1434) was the third daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, and Lady Alice FitzAlan. She married four times. Her first husband was a duke, and the following three were barons. All of her marria ...

London
May 1366
no issue
(3) Joan of Navarre
Saillé-près-Guérande
2 October 1386
nine children , 1/2 November 1399

aged 59–60

House of Montfort House of Montfort was a medieval French noble house that eventually found its way to the Kingdom of England and originated the famous Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester; although his father Simon de Monfort the Elder, leader of the French ...

, width=auto, John IV
the Conqueror
(''Yann IV'')
1364–1399
(Previously ''John V'' in pretentious succession from his father.) , Jan5Bretan

, 1339
only son of

and

, (1) Mary Plantagenet of England
Woodstock Palace,

summer of 1361
no issue
(2)

London
May 1366
no issue
(3) Joan of Navarre
Saillé-près-Guérande
2 October 1386
nine children , 1/2 November 1399

aged 59–60 , - , width=auto, John V
the Wise
(''Yann V ar Fur'')
1399–1442 , Sceau de Jean V - Duc de Bretagne

, 24 December 1389

Château de l'Hermine A château (; plural: châteaux) is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowaday ...

eldest son of John IV and Joan of Navarre , Joan of France
Hôtel de Saint-Pol, Paris
19 September 1396
seven children , 29 August 1442
Manoir de La Touche,

aged 52 , - , width=auto, Francis I
the Well-Loved
(''Frañsez Iañ'')
1442–1450 , Franta1

, 11 May 1414

eldest son of

John V John V may refer to: * Patriarch John V of Alexandria or John the Merciful (died by 620), Patriarch of Alexandria from 606 to 616 * John V of Constantinople, Patriarch from 669 to 675 * Pope John V (685–686), Pope from 685 to his death in 686 * J ...

and Joan of France , (1) Yolande of Anjou

Amboise Amboise (; ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France. Today a small market town, it was once home of the French royal court. Geography Amboise lies on the banks of the river Loire, east of Tours. It is also about away f ...

20 August 1431
one son
(2)

Isabella of Scotland Isabella Stewart (autumn of 1426 – 13 October 1494/5 March 1499), was a Scottish princess who became Duchess of Brittany by marriage to Francis I of Brittany. Also known as Isabel, she was the second daughter of James I of Scotland and ...

Château d'Auray
30 October 1442
two daughter , 17 July 1450

aged 36 , - , width=auto, Peter II
the Simple
(''Pêr II'')
1450–1457 , Pierre II de Bretagne (BNF-NB-C-181416)

, 7 July 1418

second son of

and Joan of France ,

Françoise d'Amboise Françoise d'Amboise (9 May 1427 – 4 November 1485) was a French Roman Catholic declared "blessed" and a duchess consort of Brittany. She was born in the castle of Thouars. She was the daughter of the rich noble Louis d'Amboise, prince of Tal ...

1442
no issue , 22 September 1457

aged 39 , - , width=auto, Arthur III
the Justicier
(''Arzhur III'')
1457–1458 , Arthur III de Bretagne

, 24 August 1393
Château de Suscinio,

second son of John IV and Joan of Navarre , (1) Margaret of Burgundy

Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlies ...

10 October 1423
no issue
(2) Joan of Albret

Nérac Nérac (; oc, Nerac, ) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department, Southwestern France. The composer and organist Louis Raffy was born in Nérac, as was the former Arsenal and Bordeaux footballer Marouane Chamakh, as was Admiral Francois Dar ...

29 August 1442
no issue
(3) Catherine of Luxembourg
2 July 1445
no issue , 26 December 1458

aged 65 , - , width=auto, Francis II
(''Frañsez II'')
1458–1488 , François II de Bretagne (BNF-RC-A-86355)

, 23 June 1433
Château de Clisson
eldest son of Richard de Dreux, Count of Étampes and Marguerite d'Orléans, Countess of Vertus , (1) Marguerite of Brittany

16 November 1455
one son
(2) Marguerite of Foix
Château de Clisson
27 June 1474
two daughters , 9 September 1488
Couëron
aged 55 , - , width=auto, Anne
(''Anna'')
1488–1514 , Portrait of Anne of Brittany - Mostaert

, 25 January 1477
Château de Nantes
eldest daughter of Francis II and

Margaret of Foix Margaret of Foix (French: ''Marguerite de Foix''; c. 1449– 15 May 1486) was Duchess of Brittany from 1474 to 1486 by marriage to Duke Francis II. Life She was the daughter of Queen Eleanor of Navarre (1425–1479) and of Gaston IV, Count o ...

, (1) ''

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. He was never crowned by the pope, as the journey to Rome was blocked by the Venetians. He proclaimed himself El ...

''
(by proxy) Rennes Cathedral
19 December 1490
no issue
(2)

Château de Langeais The Château de Langeais is a 15th-century Flamboyant Gothic castle in Indre-et-Loire, France, built on a promontory created by the small valley of the Roumer River at the opening to the Loire Valley. Founded in 992 by Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou, ...

19 December 1491
four children
(3)

Château de Nantes
8 January 1499
four children , 9 January 1514

Château de Blois A château (; plural: châteaux) is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowaday ...

aged 36

House of Valois

, width=auto,

Claude Claude may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Claude (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Claude (surname), a list of people * Claude Lorrain (c. 1600–1682), French landscape painter, draughtsman and etcher ...

(''Klaoda'')
1514–1524
''with

Francis Francis may refer to: People *Pope Francis, the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State and Bishop of Rome *Francis (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters *Francis (surname) Places * Rural M ...

(1514–1515)'' , ClaudeFranceEdit

, 14 October 1499

Romorantin-Lanthenay Romorantin-Lanthenay (), commonly known as Romorantin, is a commune and town in the Loir-et-Cher department, administrative region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the capital city of the natural region of Sologne. History The current co ...

eldest daughter of

and Anne ,

Francis I of France Francis I (french: François Ier; frm, Francoys; 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was King of France from 1515 until his death in 1547. He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy. He succeeded his first cousin once ...

Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye The Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye () is a former royal palace in the commune of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, in the ''département'' of Yvelines, about 19 km west of Paris, France. Today, it houses the ''musée d'Archéologie nationale'' (Nati ...

18 May 1514
eight children , 20 July 1524

aged 24 , - , width=auto,

(''Frañsez'')
1514–1515
''with

(1514–1515)'' , François 1515

, 12 September 1494
Château de Cognac
only son of Charles de Valois, Count of Angoulême and Louise of Savoy , (1)

18 May 1514
eight children
(2)

Eleanor of Austria Eleanor of Austria (15 November 1498 – 25 February 1558), also called Eleanor of Castile, was born an Archduchess of Austria and Infanta of Castile from the House of Habsburg, and subsequently became Queen consort of Portugal (1518–152 ...

Abbaye de Veien
7 August 1530
no issue , 31 March 1547

Château de Rambouillet The Château de Rambouillet (), known in English as the Castle of Rambouillet, is a château in the town of Rambouillet, Yvelines department, in the Île-de-France region in northern France, southwest of Paris. It was the summer residence of the ...

aged 52 , - , width=auto, Francis III
(''Frañsez III'')
1524–1536 , François III de Bretagne - Dauphin de France

, 28 February 1518

Château d'Amboise The Château d'Amboise is a château in Amboise, located in the Indre-et-Loire ''département'' of the Loire Valley in France. Confiscated by the monarchy in the 15th century, it became a favoured royal residence and was extensively rebuilt. Kin ...

eldest son of

and

, ''never married'' , 10 August 1536
Chateau de Tournon
aged 18 , - , width=auto, Henry
(''Herri'')
1536–1547 , Henry II, king of France

, 31 March 1519

second son of

and

Catherine de' Medici Catherine de' Medici ( it, Caterina de' Medici, ; french: Catherine de Médicis, ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589) was an Florentine noblewoman born into the Medici family. She was Queen of France from 1547 to 1559 by marriage to King ...

Marseille Cathedral Marseille Cathedral ( French: ''Cathédrale Sainte-Marie-Majeure de Marseille'' or ''Cathédrale de la Major'') is a Roman Catholic cathedral, and a national monument of France, located in Marseille. It has been a basilica minor since 1896. It ...

28 October 1533
ten children , 10 July 1559

Place des Vosges The Place des Vosges (), originally Place Royale, is the oldest planned square in Paris, France. It is located in the ''Marais'' district, and it straddles the dividing-line between the 3rd and 4th arrondissements of Paris. It was a fashionable ...

aged 40 , -

As courtesy title

, width=auto, Louis de France
1704–1705 , Grand Royal Coat of Arms of France

, 25 June 1704

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 19 ...

eldest son of

Louis, Duke of Burgundy Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Burgundy (16 August 1682 – 18 February 1712), was the eldest son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria and grandson of the reigning French king, Louis XIV. He was known as the "Petit D ...

and

Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy Marie Adelaide may refer to: * Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1894–1924), reigned 1912–1919 * Princess Marie Adélaïde of Savoy (1685–1712), Duchess of Burgundy and Dauphine of France * Princess Marie Adélaïde of France (17 ...

, ''never married'' , 13 April 1705

died before first birthday , - , width=auto, Louis de France
1707–1712 , Louis de bourbon (1707-1712)

, 8 January 1707

second son of

and Marie Adélaïde of Savoy , ''never married'' , 18 February 1712

aged 5 , - , width=auto, François de Bourbon
1973–1984 , Arms of the Duke of Anjou and Cadix

, 22 November 1972

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

eldest son of Alfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz and

María del Carmen Martínez-Bordiú y Franco Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial *170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 *Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, da ...

, ''never married'' , 7 February 1984

Pamplona Pamplona (; eu, Iruña or ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. It is also the third-largest city in the greater Basque cultural region. Lying at near above ...

Early Breton monarchs

Dukes of Brittany

Dukes under the
Carolingians The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

House of Nantes

House of
Rennes Rennes (; br, Roazhon ; Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department ...

House of Cornouaille

House of Penthièvre

House of Plantagenet The House of Plantagenet () was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. The family held the English throne from 1154 (with the accession of Henry II at the end of the Anarchy) to 1485, when Richard III died in b ...

House of Thouars

House of Dreux The House of Dreux was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. It was founded by Robert I, Count of Dreux, a son of Louis VI of France, who was given the County of Dreux as his appanage. The Counts of Dreux were relatively minor nobles in France ...

House of Montfort House of Montfort was a medieval French noble house that eventually found its way to the Kingdom of England and originated the famous Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester; although his father Simon de Monfort the Elder, leader of the French ...

House of Valois

As courtesy title

Family tree

See also

References

External links

Early Breton monarchs

Dukes of Brittany

Dukes under the Carolingians The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

House of Nantes

House of Rennes Rennes (; br, Roazhon ; Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department ...

House of Cornouaille

House of Penthièvre

House of Plantagenet The House of Plantagenet () was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. The family held the English throne from 1154 (with the accession of Henry II at the end of the Anarchy) to 1485, when Richard III died in b ...

House of Thouars

House of Dreux The House of Dreux was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. It was founded by Robert I, Count of Dreux, a son of Louis VI of France, who was given the County of Dreux as his appanage. The Counts of Dreux were relatively minor nobles in France ...

House of Montfort House of Montfort was a medieval French noble house that eventually found its way to the Kingdom of England and originated the famous Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester; although his father Simon de Monfort the Elder, leader of the French ...

House of Valois

As courtesy title

Family tree

See also

References

External links

Dukes under the
Carolingians The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

House of
Rennes Rennes (; br, Roazhon ; Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department ...