List Of Mammals Of Somalia
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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Somalia. There are 192 identified mammal species or subspecies in Somalia, of which two are critically endangered, one is endangered, twelve are vulnerable, and four are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:


Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)

---- The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora. *Family: Chrysochloridae **Subfamily:
Amblysominae Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all ...
***Genus: ''
Calcochloris ''Calcochloris'' is a genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It contains the following species: * Yellow golden mole (''Calcochloris obtusirostris'') * Somali golden mole The Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'') is a golden ...
'' ****
Somali golden mole The Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'') is a golden mole endemic to Somalia. In 1964, Dr. Alberto Simonetta of the University of Florence discovered the mole's jaw and ear bone fragments in a barn owl pellet in Giohar, Somalia. The Soma ...
, ''C. tytonis''


Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)

---- Often called sengis, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews. *Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews) **Genus: ''
Galegeeska ''Galegeeska'' is a genus of elephant shrew (or sengi) in the family Macroscelididae. Members in this genus were formerly classified in the genus ''Elephantulus'', but later studies found the Somali and rufous sengis to be the sister taxa of t ...
'' ***
Somali elephant shrew The Somali elephant shrew or Somali sengi (''Galegeeska revoilii'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Habitat Its natural habitat is arid and semiarid desert with rocky substrates and sparse shrubs. In some parts of ...
, ''G. revoili'' **Genus: '' Elephantulus'' ***
Rufous elephant shrew The rufous elephant shrew, rufous sengi or East African long-eared elephant-shrew (''Galegeeska rufescens'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda, its na ...
, ''E. rufescens''


Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)

---- The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced. *Family:
Orycteropodidae Orycteropodidae is a family of afrotherian mammals. Although there are many fossil species, the only species surviving today is the aardvark, ''Orycteropus afer''. Orycteropodidae is recognized as the only family within the order Tubulidentata ...
**Genus: '' Orycteropus'' *** Aardvark, ''O. afer''


Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

---- The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East. *Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes) **Genus: '' Heterohyrax'' ***
Yellow-spotted rock hyrax The yellow-spotted rock hyrax or bush hyrax (''Heterohyrax brucei'') is a species of mammal in the family Procaviidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malaw ...
, ''Heterohyrax brucei'' LC **Genus: '' Procavia'' *** Cape hyrax, ''Procavia capensis'' LC


Order:

Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. From ...
(elephants)

---- The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals. *Family: Elephantidae (elephants) **Genus: '' Loxodonta'' ***
African bush elephant The African bush elephant (''Loxodonta africana'') is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species. It is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to and a body ...
, ''L. africana''


Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

---- Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. *Family: Dugongidae **Genus: '' Dugong'' *** Dugong, ''Dugong dugon'' VU


Order: Primates

---- The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids,
tarsier Tarsiers ( ) are haplorhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes. Although the group was once more widespread, all of its species living today are found in Maritime Southeast ...
s,
monkey Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes, also known as the simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes, which constitutes an incomple ...
s, and apes. *Suborder:
Strepsirrhini Strepsirrhini or Strepsirhini (; ) is a Order (biology), suborder of primates that includes the Lemuriformes, lemuriform primates, which consist of the lemurs of Fauna of Madagascar, Madagascar, galagos ("bushbabies") and pottos from Fauna of A ...
**Infraorder: Lemuriformes ***Superfamily: Lorisoidea ****Family: Galagidae *****Genus: '' Galago'' ****** Somali bushbaby, ''Galago gallarum'' LR/nt *****Genus: '' Galagoides'' ****** Zanzibar bushbaby, ''Galagoides zanzibaricus'' LR/nt *****Genus: '' Otolemur'' ****** Northern greater galago, ''Otolemur garnettii'' LR/lc *Suborder:
Haplorhini Haplorhini (), the haplorhines (Greek for "simple-nosed") or the "dry-nosed" primates, is a suborder of primates containing the tarsiers and the simians (Simiiformes or anthropoids), as sister of the Strepsirrhini ("moist-nosed"). The name is some ...
**Infraorder: Simiiformes ***Parvorder: Catarrhini ****Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea *****Family:
Cercopithecidae Old World monkey is the common English name for a family of primates known taxonomically as the Cercopithecidae (). Twenty-four genera and 138 species are recognized, making it the largest primate family. Old World monkey genera include baboons ...
(Old World monkeys) ******Genus: ''
Erythrocebus ''Erythrocebus'' is a genus of Old World monkey. All three species in this genus are found in Africa, and are known as patas monkeys. While previously considered a monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that cont ...
'' *******
Patas monkey The common patas monkey (''Erythrocebus patas''), also known as the wadi monkey or hussar monkey, is a ground-dwelling monkey distributed over semi-arid areas of West Africa, and into East Africa. Taxonomy There is some confusion surrounding ...
, ''Erythrocebus patas'' LR/lc ******Genus: ''
Chlorocebus ''Chlorocebus'' is a genus of medium-sized primates from the family of Old World monkeys. Six species are currently recognized, although some people classify them all as a single species with numerous subspecies. Either way, they make up the enti ...
'' ******* Vervet monkey, ''Chlorocebus pygerythrus'' LR/lc ******Genus: '' Cercopithecus'' ******* Blue monkey, ''Cercopithecus mitis'' LR/lc ******Genus: ''
Papio Baboons are primates comprising the genus ''Papio'', one of the 23 genera of Old World monkeys. There are six species of baboon: the hamadryas baboon, the Guinea baboon, the olive baboon, the yellow baboon, the Kinda baboon and the chacma ba ...
'' ******* Olive baboon, ''Papio anubis'' LR/lc *******
Yellow baboon The yellow baboon (''Papio cynocephalus'') is a baboon in the family of Old World monkeys. The species epithet means "dog-head" in Greek, due to the dog-like shape of the muzzle and head. Yellow baboons have slim bodies with long arms and legs, a ...
, ''Papio cynocephalus'' LR/lc *******
Hamadryas baboon The hamadryas baboon (''Papio hamadryas'' ) is a species of baboon within the Old World monkey family. It is the northernmost of all the baboons, being native to the Horn of Africa and the southwestern region of the Arabian Peninsula. These re ...
, ''Papio hamadryas'' LR/nt


Order: Rodentia (rodents)

---- Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the
capybara The capybaraAlso called capivara (in Brazil), capiguara (in Bolivia), chigüire, chigüiro, or fercho (in Colombia and Venezuela), carpincho (in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) and ronsoco (in Peru). or greater capybara (''Hydrochoerus hydro ...
can weigh up to . *Suborder: Hystricognathi **Family: Bathyergidae ***Genus: '' Heterocephalus'' ****
Naked mole-rat The naked mole-rat (''Heterocephalus glaber''), also known as the sand puppy, is a burrowing rodent native to the Horn of Africa and parts of Kenya, notably in Somali regions. It is closely related to the blesmols and is the only species in th ...
, ''Heterocephalus glaber'' LC **Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) ***Genus: '' Hystrix'' **** Crested porcupine, ''Hystrix cristata'' LC *Suborder: Sciurognathi **Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) ***Subfamily: Xerinae ****Tribe: Xerini *****Genus: '' Xerus'' ******
Unstriped ground squirrel The unstriped ground squirrel (''Xerus rutilus'') is a species of rodent (order Rodentia) in the family Sciuridae. It is the only member of the genus ''Xerus'' . It is found in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and ...
, ''Xerus rutilus'' LC ****Tribe: Protoxerini *****Genus: '' Paraxerus'' ******
Ochre bush squirrel The ochre bush squirrel (''Paraxerus ochraceus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woo ...
, ''Paraxerus ochraceus'' LC ******
Red bush squirrel The red bush squirrel or red-bellied coast squirrel (''Paraxerus palliatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae, which is found in bush and forest along the eastern seaboard of Africa. It is closely related to '' P. lucifer'', '' P. ...
, ''Paraxerus palliatus'' LC **Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) ***Subfamily: Dipodinae ****Genus: ''
Jaculus The jaculus (or iaculus, pl. ''jaculi'', meaning "thrown" in Latin) is a small mythical serpent or dragon. It can be shown with wings and sometimes has front legs. It is also sometimes known as the javelin snake. In Greek mythology It was said t ...
'' *****
Lesser Egyptian jerboa The lesser jerboa (''Jaculus jaculus'') is a small rodent of Africa and the Middle East. Its diet consists mainly of seeds and grasses. Description A small rodent, it is sometimes likened to a tiny kangaroo due to its incredibly large hind legs ...
, ''Jaculus jaculus'' LC **Family: Spalacidae ***Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae ****Genus: '' Tachyoryctes'' *****
Northeast African mole-rat The northeast African mole-rat (''Tachyoryctes splendens'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae and is found in Ethiopia, Somalia, and northwest Kenya. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, dry savann ...
, ''Tachyoryctes splendens'' LC **Family: Nesomyidae ***Subfamily: Cricetomyinae ****Genus: '' Saccostomus'' *****
Mearns's pouched mouse Mearns's pouched mouse (''Saccostomus mearnsi'') is a species of rodent in the family Nesomyidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, hot deser ...
, ''Saccostomus mearnsi'' LC **Family: Cricetidae ***Subfamily:
Lophiomyinae The maned rat or (African) crested rat (''Lophiomys imhausi'') is a nocturnal, long-haired and bushy-tailed East African rodent that superficially resembles a porcupine. The world's only poisonous rodent, the maned rat borrows toxins from plants ...
****Genus: '' Lophiomys'' ***** Maned rat, ''Lophiomys imhausi'' LC **Family:
Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ...
(mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) ***Subfamily:
Deomyinae The subfamily Deomyinae consists of four genera of mouse-like rodents that were placed in the subfamilies Murinae and Dendromurinae until very recently. They are sometimes called the Acomyinae, particularly in references that antedate the disc ...
****Genus: '' Acomys'' *****
Fiery spiny mouse The fiery spiny mouse (''Acomys ignitus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Kenya and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem ...
, ''Acomys ignitus'' LC *****
Kemp's spiny mouse Kemp's spiny mouse (''Acomys kempi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and rocky areas. It is one of only two mammals, the other being ''Acomys perciv ...
, ''Acomys kempi'' LC *****
Louise's spiny mouse Louise's spiny mouse (''Acomys louisae'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland A grassland ...
, ''Acomys louisae'' LC *****
Mullah spiny mouse The Mullah spiny mouse (''Acomys mullah'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland Tropical and subtropical grasslands, s ...
, ''Acomys mullah'' LC *****
Percival's spiny mouse Percival's spiny mouse (''Acomys percivali'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland ( ...
, ''Acomys percivali'' LC *****
Wilson's spiny mouse Wilson's spiny mouse (''Acomys wilsoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland T ...
, ''Acomys wilsoni'' LC ***Subfamily: Gerbillinae ****Genus: ''
Ammodillus The ammodile, walo or Somali gerbil (''Ammodillus imbellis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus ''Ammodillus''. It is found in Ethiopia and Somaliland. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropica ...
'' *****
Ammodile The ammodile, walo or Somali gerbil (''Ammodillus imbellis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the monotypic, only species in the genus ''Ammodillus''. It is found in Ethiopia and Somaliland. Its natural habitat is subtropical ...
, ''Ammodillus imbellis'' DD ****Genus: '' Gerbillus'' *****
Berbera gerbil The Berbera gerbil (''Gerbillus acticola'') is distributed mainly in Somalia, but its range may extend into Ethiopia and Djibouti. It is endemic to the Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands ecoregion. Description The Berbera gerbil has an av ...
, ''Gerbillus acticola'' DD *****
Brockman's gerbil Brockman's gerbil (''Gerbillus brockmani'') is distributed mainly in Somaliland and is only known from the type locality, Burao Burao, also spelt Bur'o or Bur'ao (; so, Burco, , ar, برعو) is the capital of the Togdheer region and the ...
, ''Gerbillus brockmani'' DD *****
Somalia gerbil Dunn's gerbil (''Gerbillus dunni'') is a rodent species distributed mainly in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somaliland and Djibouti. It is an animal of dry grassland and rocky plains. It is also sometimes called the "Somalia gerbil", not to be confused w ...
, ''Gerbillus dunni'' DD *****
Waters's gerbil Waters's gerbil (''Gerbillus watersi'') is distributed mainly in Sudan, Somalia, and Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Afric ...
, ''Gerbillus juliani'' LC ***** Rosalinda gerbil, ''Gerbillus rosalinda'' DD *****
Least gerbil The least gerbil (''Gerbillus pusillus'') is distributed mainly in South Sudan, southwestern Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in ...
, ''Gerbillus ruberrimus'' LC ***** Somalian gerbil, ''Gerbillus somalicus'' DD ****Genus: '' Microdillus'' ***** Somali pygmy gerbil, ''Microdillus peeli'' LC ****Genus: ''
Tatera The Indian gerbil (''Tatera indica'') also known as antelope rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in southern Asia from Syria to Bangladesh. It is the only species in the genus ''Tatera''. Members of the genus ''Ger ...
'' *****
Black-tailed gerbil The black-tailed gerbil (''Gerbilliscus nigricaudus'') is a species of rodent found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and arable land Arable land (from the ...
, ''Tatera nigricauda'' LC *****
Phillips's gerbil Phillips's gerbil (''Gerbilliscus phillipsi'') is a species of rodent found in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community charact ...
, ''Tatera phillipsi'' LC *****
Fringe-tailed gerbil The fringe-tailed gerbil (''Gerbilliscus robustus'') is a species of rodent found in Central African Republic, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Niger, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, possibly Cameroon, and possibly Nigeria. Its natural habitats ...
, ''Tatera robusta'' LC ****Genus: '' Taterillus'' *****
Harrington's gerbil Harrington's gerbil or Harrington's tateril (''Taterillus harringtoni'') is a species of rodent found in the Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical ...
, ''Taterillus harringtoni'' LC ***Subfamily: Murinae ****Genus: '' Arvicanthis'' *****
Neumann's grass rat Neumann's grass rat (''Arvicanthis neumanni'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and possibly Kenya. Its natural habitats are dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed wood ...
, ''Arvicanthis neumanni'' DD ****Genus: ''
Grammomys ''Grammomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Africa. It contains the following species: * Arid thicket rat (''Grammomys aridulus'') * Short-snouted thicket rat (''Grammomys brevirostris'') * Bunting's thicket rat (''Gramm ...
'' *****
Gray-headed thicket rat The gray-headed thicket rat (''Grammomys caniceps'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Kenya and Somalia. Its natural habitat In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic ...
, ''Grammomys caniceps'' DD ****Genus: '' Mastomys'' *****
Natal multimammate mouse The Natal multimammate mouse (''Mastomys natalensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is also known as the Natal multimammate rat, the common African rat, or the African soft-furred mouse. The Natal multimammate rat is the natu ...
, ''Mastomys natalensis'' LC ****Genus: ''
Mus Mus or MUS may refer to: Abbreviations * MUS, the NATO country code for Mauritius * MUS, the IATA airport code for Minami Torishima Airport * MUS, abbreviation for the Centre for Modern Urban Studies on Campus The Hague, Leiden University, Neth ...
'' *****
Delicate mouse The delicate mouse (''Mus tenellus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and possibly Eritrea. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodlan ...
, ''Mus tenellus'' LC ****Genus: '' Myomyscus'' ***** Brockman's Myomyscus, ''Myomyscus brockmani'' LC ****Genus: ''
Thallomys ''Thallomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Africa. It contains four species: * Loring's rat (''Thallomys loringi'') *Black-tailed tree rat (''Thallomys nigricauda'') *Acacia rat (''Thallomys paedulcus'') *Shortridge's r ...
'' *****
Acacia rat The acacia rat (''Thallomys paedulcus''), or black-tailed tree rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is a small arboreal rodent that is extensively dependent on Acacia trees. It is found in Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Con ...
, ''Thallomys paedulcus'' LC **Family: Ctenodactylidae ***Genus: '' Pectinator'' ****
Speke's pectinator Speke's pectinator (''Pectinator spekei'') or Speke's gundi, is a species of rodent in the family Ctenodactylidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Pectinator''.Dieterlen, F. 2005. Family Ctenodactylidae pp. 1536-1537 ''in'' D. E. Wilson a ...
, ''Pectinator spekei'' DD


Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

---- The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (
hare Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The ge ...
s and
rabbit Rabbits, also known as bunnies or bunny rabbits, are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also contains the hares) of the order Lagomorpha (which also contains the pikas). ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' includes the European rabbit speci ...
s), and Ochotonidae ( pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a
superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...
in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. *Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) **Genus: '' Lepus'' *** Cape hare, ''Lepus capensis'' LR/lc ***
Abyssinian hare The Abyssinian hare (''Lepus habessinicus'') is a species of mammal in the family Leporidae. It is almost entirely restricted to the nations of the Horn of Africa, though it extends marginally into eastern Sudan and may also occur in far northern ...
, ''Lepus habessinicus'' LR/lc


Order:

Erinaceomorpha Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla ...
(hedgehogs and gymnures)

---- The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and
gymnure Gymnures, also called hairy hedgehogs or moonrats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Eulipotyphla. Gymnures resemble rats but are not closely related as they are not rodents; they are ...
s. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. *Family:
Erinaceidae Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla ...
(hedgehogs) **Subfamily: Erinaceinae ***Genus: '' Atelerix'' **** Four-toed hedgehog, ''Atelerix albiventris'' LR/lc ****
Somali hedgehog The Somali hedgehog (''Atelerix sclateri'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. It is endemic to Somalia and Somaliland Somaliland,; ar, صوماليلاند ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, جمهور ...
, ''Atelerix sclateri'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Hemiechinus'' ****
Desert hedgehog The desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Basic facts The desert hedgehog is one of the smallest of hedgehogs. It is long and weighs about . The quills (or spines to give their corre ...
, ''Hemiechinus aethiopicus'' LR/lc


Order:

Soricomorpha Soricomorpha (from Greek "shrew-form") is a formerly used taxon within the class of mammals. In the past it formed a significant group within the former order Insectivora. However, Insectivora was shown to be polyphyletic and various new orders w ...
(shrews, moles, and solenodons)

---- The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. *Family: Soricidae (shrews) **Subfamily: Crocidurinae ***Genus: '' Crocidura'' ****
Greenwood's shrew The Greenwood's shrew (''Crocidura greenwoodi'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Somalia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed ...
, ''Crocidura greenwoodi'' LC ****
MacArthur's shrew MacArthur's shrew (''Crocidura macarthuri'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Kenya and Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially t ...
, ''Crocidura macarthuri'' LC **** Somali dwarf shrew, ''Crocidura nana'' DD ****
Desert musk shrew The desert musk shrew (''Crocidura smithii'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Senegal, and possibly Somalia. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i ...
, ''Crocidura smithii'' LC **** Somali shrew, ''Crocidura somalica'' LC ****
Savanna path shrew The savanna path shrew (''Crocidura viaria'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, ...
, ''Crocidura viaria'' LC ****
Voi shrew The Voi shrew (''Crocidura voi'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, and Togo. Its natural ha ...
, ''Crocidura voi'' LC ****
Yankari shrew The Yankari shrew (''Crocidura yankariensis'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, and Sudan. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A sava ...
, ''Crocidura yankariensis'' LC


Order: Chiroptera (bats)

---- The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. *Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) **Subfamily: Pteropodinae ***Genus: ''
Eidolon In ancient Greek literature, an eidolon (; grc, εἴδωλον 'image, idol, double, apparition, phantom, ghost'; plural: eidola or eidolons) is a spirit-image of a living or dead person; a shade or phantom look-alike of the human form. Liter ...
'' **** Straw-coloured fruit bat, ''Eidolon helvum'' LC ***Genus: ''
Epomophorus ''Epomophorus'' (epauletted bat) is a genus of bat in the family Pteropodidae. They have a distribution throughout Africa. Species ''Epomophorus'' contains the following species: Genus ''Epomophorus'' * Angolan epauletted fruit bat, ''Epomoph ...
'' ****
East African epauletted fruit bat The East African epauletted fruit bat (''Epomophorus minimus'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna A savanna or savannah i ...
, ''Epomophorus minimus'' LC **** Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat, ''Epomophorus wahlbergi'' LC *Family: Vespertilionidae **Subfamily:
Vespertilioninae The Vespertilioninae are a subfamily of vesper bats from the family Vespertilionidae. Classification Subfamily Vespertilioninae *Tribe Antrozoini **Genus '' Antrozous'' *** Pallid bat, ''Antrozous pallidus'' **Genus '' Bauerus'' *** Van Geld ...
***Genus: '' Eptesicus'' ****
Botta's serotine Botta's serotine (''Eptesicus bottae'') is a species of vesper bat, one of 25 in the genus ''Eptesicus''. It is found in rocky areas and temperate desert. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1869 by German naturalist Wilh ...
, ''Eptesicus bottae'' LC ***Genus: ''
Glauconycteris ''Glauconycteris'' is a genus of vespertilionid bats found in Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) ...
'' ****
Butterfly bat The variegated butterfly bat (''Glauconycteris variegata'') is a species of vesper bat. It is sometimes also called the leaf-winged bat, or simply the butterfly bat. It is not currently endangered, but may be threatened by habitat loss in some pa ...
, ''Glauconycteris variegata'' LC ***Genus: '' Hypsugo'' **** Eisentraut's pipistrelle, ''Hypsugo eisentrauti'' DD ***Genus: ''
Neoromicia ''Neoromicia'' is a genus of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It contains the following species: * Anchieta's serotine (''Neoromicia anchietae'') * Kirindy serotine (''Neoromicia bemainty'') * Yellow serotine (''Neoromicia flavescens ...
'' ****
Cape serotine The Cape serotine (''Laephotis capensis'') is a species of vesper bat occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa. 'Serotine' is from Latin 'serotinus' meaning ‘of the evening'. It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep ...
, ''Neoromicia capensis'' LC **** Heller's pipistrelle, ''Neoromicia helios'' DD ****
Banana pipistrelle The banana serotine (''Afronycteris nanus''), formerly known as the banana pipistrelle, is a species of vesper bat found throughout much of Africa. It was previously known as ''Pipistrellus nanus'', but genetic analysis later reclassified it in ...
, ''Neoromicia nanus'' LC ****
Rendall's serotine Rendall's serotine (''Pseudoromicia rendalli'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, ...
, ''Neoromicia rendalli'' LC ****
Somali serotine The Somali serotine (''Neoromicia somalica'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Eritrea, Ethio ...
, ''Neoromicia somalicus'' LC ***Genus: ''
Nycticeinops ''Nycticeinops'' is a genus of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It contains the following species: * Bellier's serotine, ''Nycticeinops bellieri'' * Broad-headed serotine, ''Nycticeinops crassulus'' * Eisentraut's serotine, ''Nycti ...
'' ****
Schlieffen's bat Schlieffen's serotine (''Nycticeinops schlieffeni''), also known as Schlieffen's bat or Schlieffen's twilight bat, is a species of vesper bat found in Africa. It has been placed in numerous genera since its first description in 1859, but morpholog ...
, ''Nycticeinops schlieffeni'' LC ***Genus: ''
Pipistrellus ''Pipistrellus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae and subfamily Vespertilioninae. The name of the genus is derived from the Italian language, Italian word , meaning "bat" (from Latin "bird of evening, bat"). The size of the ge ...
'' **** Egyptian pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus deserti'' LC ****
Kuhl's pipistrelle Kuhl's pipistrelle (''Pipistrellus kuhlii'') is a species of vesper bat that occurs in large areas of North Africa, Southern Europe and West Asia. It lives in temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, Mediterranean-type shrubby ve ...
, ''Pipistrellus kuhlii'' LC ***Genus: ''
Scotoecus ''Scotoecus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilion ...
'' **** White-bellied lesser house bat, ''Scotoecus albigula'' DD ****
Hinde's lesser house bat Hinde's lesser house bat (''Scotoecus hindei'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is dry savanna. Oldfiel ...
, ''Scotoecus hindei'' DD ****
Dark-winged lesser house bat The dark-winged lesser house bat (''Scotoecus hirundo'') is a species of vesper bat. It can be found in Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana ...
, ''Scotoecus hirundo'' DD ***Genus: ''
Scotophilus ''Scotophilus'' is a genus of vespertilionid bats commonly called yellow bats. They are found in southern Asia and Africa. They are the only members of the tribe Scotophilini. Species * East African yellow bat, ''Scotophilus altilis'' * And ...
'' ****
African yellow bat The African yellow bat (''Scotophilus dinganii'') is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae, the vesper bats. Other common names include African yellow house bat, yellow-bellied house bat, and Dingan's Bat. It is one of fifteen species i ...
, ''Scotophilus dinganii'' LC *Family: Rhinopomatidae **Genus: ''
Rhinopoma Mouse-tailed bats are a group of insectivorous microbats of the family Rhinopomatidae with only three to six species, all contained in the single genus ''Rhinopoma''. They are found in the Old World, from North Africa to Thailand and Sumatra, i ...
'' ***
Egyptian mouse-tailed bat The Egyptian mouse-tailed bat (''Rhinopoma cystops'') is a species of mouse-tailed bat found in North Africa and the Middle East. Taxonomy It was described as a new species in 1903 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. The holotype had been co ...
, ''R. cystops'' ***
Lesser mouse-tailed bat The lesser mouse-tailed bat (''Rhinopoma hardwickii'') is a species of microbat in the family Rhinopomatidae. Also referred to as Hardwicke's lesser mouse-tailed bat and long-tailed bat, it is named after Major General Thomas Hardwicke (1755– ...
, ''Rhinopoma hardwickei'' LC *** Macinnes's mouse-tailed bat, ''Rhinopoma macinnesi'' VU *Family: Molossidae **Genus: '' Chaerephon'' ***
Little free-tailed bat The little free-tailed bat (''Chaerephon pumilus'') is a species of the genus ''Chaerephon'' in the family Molossidae. It is widely distributed across Africa and islands around the continent. Description The little free-tailed bat is one of t ...
, ''Chaerephon pumila'' LC **Genus: '' Mops'' ***
Angolan free-tailed bat The Angolan free-tailed bat (''Mops condylurus'') is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, ...
, ''Mops condylurus'' LC *Family: Emballonuridae **Genus: ''
Coleura ''Coleura'' is a genus of sac-winged bats in the family Emballonuridae. It contains three species: * African sheath-tailed bat (''C. afra'') * ''C. kibomalandy'' * Seychelles sheath-tailed bat The Seychelles sheath-tailed bat (''Coleura seyc ...
'' ***
African sheath-tailed bat The African sheath-tailed bat (''Coleura afra'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. Appearance and behavior The African sheath-tailed bat weighs , with females slightly larger than males. Forearm lengths range from . T ...
, ''Coleura afra'' LC **Genus: '' Taphozous'' *** Hamilton's tomb bat, ''Taphozous hamiltoni'' NT ***
Mauritian tomb bat The Mauritian tomb bat (''Taphozous mauritianus'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae that is found in central and southern Africa and Madagascar. It was discovered in 1818 by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, and is chara ...
, ''Taphozous mauritianus'' LC *** Naked-rumped tomb bat, ''Taphozous nudiventris'' LC ***
Egyptian tomb bat The Egyptian tomb bat (''Taphozous perforatus'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is a medium- to large-sized Yangochiroptera, microbat with a mass of approximately . It is an aerial insectivore, foraging in open sp ...
, ''Taphozous perforatus'' LC *Family: Nycteridae **Genus: ''
Nycteris ''Nycteris'' comprises a genus of bats commonly called slit-faced or hollow-faced bats. They are grouped in the family Nycteridae. The bats are found in East Malaysia, Indonesia, and many parts of Africa. Description They are small bats, from i ...
'' ***
Andersen's slit-faced bat Andersen's slit-faced bat (''Nycteris aurita'') is a slit-faced bat species found in East Africa. It has been recorded in Somaliland, through South Sudan and Ethiopia, into Kenya and Tanzania. No information is available on the population size of ...
, ''Nycteris aurita'' DD ***
Hairy slit-faced bat The hairy slit-faced bat (''Nycteris hispida'') is a species of slit-faced bat widely distributed throughout forests and savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees ...
, ''Nycteris hispida'' LC ***
Parissi's slit-faced bat Parissi's slit-faced bat (''Nycteris parisii'') is a species of slit-faced bat that may live in dry savanna regions of East Africa, near the Duba Valley and Benue River along with large rivers. It is only known from three specimens. One was foun ...
, ''Nycteris parisii'' DD *** Egyptian slit-faced bat, ''Nycteris thebaica'' LC *Family:
Megadermatidae Megadermatidae, or false vampire bats, are a family of bats found from central Africa, eastwards through southern Asia, and into Australia. They are relatively large bats, ranging from 6.5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length. They have lar ...
**Genus: ''
Cardioderma The heart-nosed bat (''Cardioderma cor'') is a species of bat in the family Megadermatidae. It is the only species within the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and ...
'' ***
Heart-nosed bat The heart-nosed bat (''Cardioderma cor'') is a species of bat in the family Megadermatidae. It is the only species within the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and ...
, ''Cardioderma cor'' LC **Genus: '' Lavia'' *** Yellow-winged bat, ''Lavia frons'' LC *Family: Rhinolophidae **Subfamily: Rhinolophinae ***Genus: '' Rhinolophus'' ****
Blasius's horseshoe bat Blasius's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus blasii'') is a species of Insectivore, insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found throughout large parts of the Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa. Taxonomy Blasius's horseshoe bat was species de ...
, ''R. blasii'' ****
Geoffroy's horseshoe bat Geoffroy's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus clivosus'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, caves and other su ...
, ''Rhinolophus clivosus'' LC ****
Eloquent horseshoe bat The eloquent horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus eloquens'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lo ...
, ''Rhinolophus eloquens'' DD ****
Rüppell's horseshoe bat Rüppell's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus fumigatus'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, savanna, caves and other subterranean habitats. This species is qui ...
, ''Rhinolophus fumigatus'' LC ****
Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus hildebrandtii'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in Africa. Its natural habitats are savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosy ...
, ''Rhinolophus hildebrandti'' LC **** Lander's horseshoe bat, ''Rhinolophus landeri'' LC **Subfamily:
Hipposiderinae The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.Simmons, 20 ...
***Genus: ''
Asellia ''Asellia'' is a genus of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It contains the following species: * Arabian trident bat (''Asellia arabica'') * Somalian trident bat (''Asellia italosomalica'') * Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (''Asellia patrizii'' ...
'' **** Trident leaf-nosed bat, ''Asellia tridens'' LC ***Genus: '' Hipposideros'' ****
Sundevall's roundleaf bat Sundevall's roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros caffer''), also called Sundevall's leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. These bats are very similar in appearance to the closely related Noack's roundleaf bat, and the two hav ...
, ''Hipposideros caffer'' LC ****
Commerson's roundleaf bat Commerson's roundleaf bat (''Macronycteris commersoni''), also known as Commerson's leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat endemic to Madagascar. It is named after French naturalist Philibert Commerson (1727-1773). Bat populations of Africa or São ...
, ''Hipposideros marungensis'' NT ****
Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat The Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros megalotis'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical ...
, ''Hipposideros megalotis'' NT ***Genus: '' Triaenops'' **** Persian trident bat, ''Triaenops persicus'' LC


Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

---- The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated
anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with ...
species. *Family:
Manidae Manidae is the only extant family of pangolins from superfamily Manoidea. This family comprises three genera ('' Manis'' from subfamily Maninae, ''Phataginus'' from subfamily Phatagininae, and ''Smutsia'' from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well as ex ...
**Genus: ''
Manis ''Manis'' is a genus of South Asian and East Asian pangolins, the Asiatic pangolins, from subfamily Maninae, within family Manidae. Etymology Carl Linnaeus (1758) invented the Neo-Latin generic name ''Manis'' apparently as a feminine singular ...
'' ***
Ground pangolin The ground pangolin (''Smutsia temminckii''), also known as Temminck's pangolin, Cape pangolin or steppe pangolin, is one of four species of pangolins which can be found in Africa, and the only one in southern and eastern Africa. The animal was ...
, ''Manis temminckii'' LR/nt


Order:

Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...
(whales)

---- The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and
porpoise Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...
s. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. *Suborder:
Mysticeti Baleen whales (systematic name Mysticeti), also known as whalebone whales, are a parvorder of carnivorous marine mammals of the infraorder Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises) which use keratinaceous baleen plates (or "whalebone") in their ...
(baleen whales) **Family:
Balaenopteridae Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin wha ...
(rorquals) ***Subfamily:
Balaenopterinae Rorquals () are the largest clade, group of baleen whales, which comprise the family (biology), family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant taxon, extant species in three genus, genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the b ...
****Genus: '' Balaenoptera'' ***** Common minke whale, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'' LC *****
Sei whale The sei whale ( , ; ''Balaenoptera borealis'') is a baleen whale, the third-largest rorqual after the blue whale and the fin whale. It inhabits most oceans and adjoining seas, and prefers deep offshore waters. It avoids polar and tropical ...
, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' EN *****
Bryde's whale Bryde's whale ( Brooder's), or the Bryde's whale complex, putatively comprises three species of rorqual and maybe four. The "complex" means the number and classification remains unclear because of a lack of definitive information and research ...
, ''Balaenoptera edeni'' DD ***** Blue whale, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' EN ***** Fin whale, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' EN ***Subfamily:
Megapterinae The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the monotypic taxon, only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh u ...
****Genus: '' Megaptera'' ***** Humpback whale, ''Megaptera novaeangliae'' CR (Arabian Sea population) *Suborder:
Odontoceti The toothed whales (also called odontocetes, systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales. Seventy-three species of ...
(toothed whales) **Superfamily: Platanistoidea ***Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales) ****Genus: ''
Physeter ''Physeter'' is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus''). Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including ''Physeter an ...
'' *****
Sperm whale The sperm whale or cachalot (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the genus ''Physeter'' and one of three extant species in the sperm whale famil ...
, ''Physeter macrocephalus'' VU ***Family:
Kogiidae Kogiidae is a family comprising at least two extant species of Cetacea, the Pygmy sperm whale, pygmy (''Kogia breviceps)'' and dwarf sperm whale, dwarf (''K. sima)'' sperm whales. As their common names suggest, they somewhat resemble sperm whales ...
****Genus: ''
Kogia ''Kogia'' is a genus of toothed whales within the superfamily Physeteroidea comprising two extant and two extinct species from the Neogene *Pygmy sperm whale, ''Kogia breviceps'' *Dwarf sperm whale, ''Kogia sima'' *†'' Kogia pusilla'', Italy, ...
'' ***** Pygmy sperm whale, ''Kogia breviceps'' LR/lc ***** Dwarf sperm whale, ''Kogia sima'' LR/lc ***Family:
Ziphidae Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...
(beaked whales) ****Subfamily:
Hyperoodontinae Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...
*****Genus: '' Indopacetus'' ******
Longman's beaked whale The tropical bottlenose whale (''Indopacetus pacificus''), also known as the Indo-Pacific beaked whale or Longman's beaked whale, was considered to be the world's rarest cetacean until recently, but the spade-toothed whale now holds that positio ...
, ''Indopacetus pacificus'' DD *****Genus: '' Ziphius'' ****** Cuvier's beaked whale, ''Ziphius cavirostris'' DD *****Genus: '' Mesoplodon'' ******
Blainville's beaked whale Blainville's beaked whale (''Mesoplodon densirostris''), or the dense-beaked whale, is believed to be the widest ranging mesoplodont whale. The French zoologist Henri de Blainville first described the species in 1817 from a small piece of jaw ...
, ''Mesoplodon densirostris'' DD ******
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale The ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (''Mesoplodon ginkgodens'') is a poorly known species of whale even for a beaked whale, and was named for the unusual shape of its dual teeth. It is a fairly typical-looking species, but is notable for the males no ...
, ''Mesoplodon ginkgodens'' DD ***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) ****Genus: '' Steno'' *****
Rough-toothed dolphin The rough-toothed dolphin (''Steno bredanensis'') is a species of dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. The species was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1823. The genus name ''Steno'', of which this spe ...
, ''Steno bredanensis'' DD ****Genus: '' Sousa'' ***** Indian humpback dolphin, ''Sousa plumbea'' DD ****Genus: ''
Tursiops Bottlenose dolphins are aquatic mammals in the genus ''Tursiops.'' They are common, cosmopolitan members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphins. Molecular studies show the genus definitively contains two species: the common ...
'' *****
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (''Tursiops aduncus'') is a species of bottlenose dolphin. This dolphin grows to long, and weighs up to . It lives in the waters around India, northern Australia, South China, the Red Sea, and the eastern co ...
, ''Tursiops aduncus'' DD ***** Common bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops truncatus'' DD ****Genus: ''
Stenella ''Stenella'' is a genus of marine mammals in Delphinidae, the family informally known as the oceanic dolphins. Species Currently, five species are recognised in this genus: The common name for species in this genus is the "spotted dolphins" o ...
'' *****
Pantropical spotted dolphin The pantropical spotted dolphin (''Stenella attenuata'') is a species of dolphin found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse s ...
, ''Stenella attenuata'' LR/cd ***** Striped dolphin, ''Stenella coeruleoalba'' LR/cd ***** Spinner dolphin, ''Stenella longirostris'' LR/cd ****Genus: '' Lagenodelphis'' *****
Fraser's dolphin Fraser's dolphin or the Sarawak dolphin (''Lagenodelphis hosei'') is a cetacean in the family Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Taxonomy ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' is spe ...
, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' DD ****Genus: '' Grampus'' ***** Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' DD ****Genus: '' Feresa'' ***** Pygmy killer whale, ''Feresa attenuata'' DD ****Genus: '' Pseudorca'' ***** False killer whale, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' LR/lc ****Genus: '' Orcinus'' ***** Orca, ''Orcinus orca'' LR/cd ****Genus: '' Globicephala'' ***** Short-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala macrorhynchus'' LR/cd ****Genus: '' Peponocephala'' ***** Melon-headed whale, ''Peponocephala electra'' DD


Order:

Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...
(carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. *Suborder: Feliformia **Family:
Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
***Subfamily: Felinae ****Genus: '' Acinonyx'' ***** Cheetah, ''A. jubatus'' ****Genus: '' Caracal'' ***** Caracal, ''Caracal caracal'' LC ****Genus: '' Felis'' ***** African wildcat, ''F. lybica'' ****Genus: ''
Leptailurus The serval (''Leptailurus serval'') is a wild cat native to Africa. It is widespread in sub-Saharan countries, except rainforest regions. Across its range, it occurs in protected areas, and hunting it is either prohibited or regulated in ran ...
'' ***** Serval, ''Leptailurus serval'' LC ***Subfamily: Pantherinae ****Genus: ''
Panthera ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family (biology), family Felidae that was named and described by Lorenz Oken in 1816 who placed all the spotted cats in this group. Reginald Innes Pocock revised the classification of this genus in 1916 as co ...
'' *****
Lion The lion (''Panthera leo'') is a large Felidae, cat of the genus ''Panthera'' native to Africa and India. It has a muscular, broad-chested body; short, rounded head; round ears; and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. It is sexually dimorphi ...
, ''Panthera leo'' VU *****
Leopard The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant species in the genus '' Panthera'', a member of the cat family, Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in some parts of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, a ...
, ''Panthera pardus'' VU **Family: Viverridae ***Subfamily: Viverrinae ****Genus: '' Civettictis'' ***** African civet, ''Civettictis civetta'' LC ****Genus: '' Genetta'' ***** Abyssinian genet, ''Genetta abyssinica'' DD *****
Common genet The common genet (''Genetta genetta'') is a small viverrid indigenous to Africa that was introduced to southwestern Europe. It is widely distributed north of the Sahara, in savanna zones south of the Sahara to southern Africa and along the coast ...
, ''Genetta genetta'' LC **Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) ***Genus: ''
Atilax ''Atilax'' is a genus of mongoose containing a single living species, the marsh mongoose ''(Atilax paludinosus)''. A single fossil species probably ancestral to the marsh mongoose is also known from South Africa. The Generic name (biology), gener ...
'' ****
Marsh mongoose The marsh mongoose (''Atilax paludinosus''), also known as the water mongoose or the vansire, is a medium-sized mongoose native to sub-Saharan Africa that inhabits foremost freshwater wetlands. It has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red L ...
, ''Atilax paludinosus'' LC ***Genus: '' Helogale'' ****
Ethiopian dwarf mongoose The Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (''Helogale hirtula''), also known as the desert dwarf mongoose or Somali dwarf mongoose, is a mongoose native to East Africa, particularly Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝 ...
, ''Helogale hirtula'' LC ****
Common dwarf mongoose The common dwarf mongoose (''Helogale parvula'') is a mongoose species native to Angola, northern Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, Zambia and East Africa. It is part of the genus ''Helogale'', along with the Ethiopian dwarf mongoose. Ch ...
, ''Helogale parvula'' LC ***Genus: ''
Herpestes ''Herpestes'' is a genus within the mongoose family Herpestidae. Several species in the family are known as slender mongooses. It is the type genus of the family, and comprises 5-6 living species, each with several subspecies. Fossil remains of t ...
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Egyptian mongoose The Egyptian mongoose (''Herpestes ichneumon''), also known as ichneumon (), is a mongoose species native to the coastal regions along the Mediterranean Sea between North Africa and Turkey, tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrub ...
, ''Herpestes ichneumon'' LC ****
Somalian slender mongoose The Somalian slender mongoose (''Herpestes ochraceus'') is a small mammal found in Somalia and adjacent regions. It is a small to medium-sized carnivoran, averaging about in weight. It was first described by John Edward Gray John Edward Gr ...
, ''Herpestes ochraceus'' LC ****
Common slender mongoose The common slender mongoose (''Herpestes sanguineus''), also known as the black-tipped mongoose or the black-tailed mongoose, is a very common mongoose species native to sub-Saharan Africa. Taxonomy The scientific name ''Herpestes sanguineus' ...
, ''Herpestes sanguineus'' LC ***Genus: '' Ichneumia'' **** White-tailed mongoose, ''Ichneumia albicauda'' LC ***Genus: '' Mungos'' **** Banded mongoose, ''Mungos mungo'' LC **Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) ***Genus: '' Crocuta'' ****
Spotted hyena The spotted hyena (''Crocuta crocuta''), also known as the laughing hyena, is a hyena species, currently classed as the sole extant member of the genus ''Crocuta'', native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is listed as being of least concern by the IUC ...
, ''Crocuta crocuta'' LC ***Genus: '' Hyaena'' **** Striped hyena, ''Hyaena hyaena'' NT ***Genus: '' Proteles'' **** Aardwolf, ''Proteles cristatus'' LC *Suborder:
Caniformia Caniformia is a suborder within the order Carnivora consisting of "dog-like" carnivorans. They include dogs (wolves, foxes, etc.), bears, raccoons, and mustelids. The Pinnipedia (seals, walruses and sea lions) are also assigned to this group. ...
**Family:
Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
(dogs, foxes) ***Genus: '' Vulpes'' **** Rüppell's fox, ''Vulpes rueppelli'' ***Genus: '' Canis'' **** African golden wolf, ''Canis lupaster'' LC ***Genus: ''
Lupulella ''Lupulella'' is a genus of canine found in Africa. This genus consists of only two extant species, the black-backed jackal (''Lupulella mesomelas'') and the side-striped jackal (''Lupulella adusta''). Taxonomy The two species had previously ...
'' **** Side-striped jackal, ''L. adusta'' ****
Black-backed jackal The black-backed jackal (''Lupulella mesomelas),'' also called the silver-backed jackal, is a medium-sized canine native to eastern and southern Africa. These regions are separated by roughly 900 kilometers. One region includes the southe ...
, ''L. mesomelas'' ***Genus: '' Otocyon'' ****
Bat-eared fox The bat-eared fox (''Otocyon megalotis'') is a species of fox found on the African savanna. It is the only extant species of the genus ''Otocyon'' and considered a basal canid species. Fossil records indicate this canid first appeared during th ...
, ''Otocyon megalotis'' LC ***Genus: '' Lycaon'' **** African wild dog, ''Lycaon pictus'' EN **Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) ***Genus: '' Ictonyx'' ****
Striped polecat The striped polecat (''Ictonyx striatus''), also called the African polecat, zoril, zorille, zorilla, Cape polecat, and African skunk, is a member of the family Mustelidae that resembles a skunk (of the family Mephitidae). The name "zorilla" co ...
, ''Ictonyx striatus'' LC ***Genus: '' Mellivora'' **** Honey badger, ''Mellivora capensis'' LC


Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

---- The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. *Family: Equidae (horses etc.) **Genus: ''
Equus Equus may refer to: * ''Equus'' (genus), a genus of animals including horses, donkeys and zebras * ''Equus'' (play), a play by Peter Shaffer * ''Equus'' (film), a film adaptation of the Peter Shaffer play * Equus (comics), a comic book characte ...
'' *** African wild ass, ''E. africanus'' presence uncertain **** Somali wild ass, ''E. a. somaliensis'' presence uncertain *** Grevy's zebra, ''E. grevyi'' extirpated *** Plains zebra, ''Equus quagga'' possibly extirpated **** Grant's zebra, ''E. q. boehmi'' possibly extirpated


Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

---- The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. *Family:
Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...
(pigs) **Subfamily:
Phacochoerinae ''Phacochoerus'' is a genus in the family Suidae, commonly known as warthogs (pronounced ''wart-hog''). They are pigs who live in open and semi-open habitats, even in quite arid regions, in sub-Saharan Africa. The two species were formerly cons ...
***Genus: ''
Phacochoerus ''Phacochoerus'' is a genus in the family Suidae, commonly known as warthogs (pronounced ''wart-hog''). They are pigs who live in open and semi-open habitats, even in quite arid regions, in sub-Saharan Africa. The two species were formerly cons ...
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Desert warthog The desert warthog (''Phacochoerus aethiopicus'') is a species of even-toed ungulate in the pig family (Suidae), found in northern Kenya and Somalia, and possibly Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. This is the range of the extant subspecies, commo ...
, ''Phacochoerus aethiopicus'' LR/lc ****
Common warthog The common warthog (''Phacochoerus africanus'') is a wild member of the pig family (Suidae) found in grassland, savanna, and woodland in sub-Saharan Africa. In the past, it was commonly treated as a subspecies of ''P. aethiopicus'', but today th ...
, ''Phacochoerus africanus'' LR/lc **Subfamily: Suinae ***Genus: ''
Potamochoerus ''Potamochoerus'' (meaning "river pig") is a genus in the pig family (Suidae). The two species are restricted to sub-Saharan Africa, although the bushpig, possibly due to introduction by humans, also occurs in Madagascar and nearby islands. Earl ...
'' **** Bushpig, ''Potamochoerus larvatus'' LR/lc *Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses) **Genus: '' Hippopotamus'' *** Hippopotamus, ''Hippopotamus amphibius'' VU *Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi) **Genus: ''
Giraffa The giraffe is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus ''Giraffa''. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. Traditionally, giraffes were thought to be one species, ''Giraffa camelopardalis ...
'' *** Reticulated giraffe, ''Giraffa reticulata'' VU *Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) **Subfamily:
Alcelaphinae The subfamily Alcelaphinae or tribe Alcelaphini of the family Bovidae contains wildebeest, hartebeest, bonteboks, and several similar species. Depending on the classification, there are 6–10 species placed in four genera, although ''Beatragu ...
***Genus: '' Alcelaphus'' **** Hartebeest, ''A. busephalus'' LC extirpated ***Genus: '' Beatragus'' ****
Hirola The hirola (''Beatragus hunteri''), also called the Hunter's hartebeest or Hunter's antelope, is a critically endangered antelope species found on the border between Kenya and Somalia. It was first described by the big game hunter and zoologist ...
, ''Beatragus hunteri'' CR ***Genus: '' Damaliscus'' ****
Topi ''Damaliscus lunatus jimela'' is a subspecies of topi, and is usually just called a topi. It is a highly social and fast type of antelope found in the savannas, semi-deserts, and floodplains of sub-Saharan Africa. Names The word ''tope'' or '' ...
, ''Damaliscus lunatus'' LR/cd **Subfamily:
Antilopinae The Antilopines are even-toed ungulates belonging to the subfamily Antilopinae of the family Bovidae. The members of tribe Antilopini include the gazelles, blackbucks, springboks, gerenuks, dibatags, and Central Asian gazelles, are often referre ...
***Genus: '' Ammodorcas'' **** Dibatag, ''Ammodorcas clarkei'' VU ***Genus: ''
Dorcatragus The beira (''Dorcatragus megalotis'') is a small arid adapted antelope that inhabits arid regions of the Horn of Africa. It is the only member of the genus ''Dorcatragus''. Description The beira has a bushy tail and a coarse coat which is red ...
'' **** Beira, ''Dorcatragus megalotis'' VU ***Genus: '' Gazella'' **** Dorcas gazelle, ''Gazella dorcas'' VU **** Grant's gazelle, ''Gazella granti'' LR/cd ****
Soemmerring's gazelle Soemmerring's gazelle (''Nanger soemmerringii''), also known as the Abyssinian mohr, is a gazelle species native to the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia and South Sudan). The species was described and given its binomen by Germ ...
, ''Gazella soemmerringii'' VU **** Speke's gazelle, ''Gazella spekei'' VU ***Genus: '' Litocranius'' **** Gerenuk, ''Litocranius walleri'' LR/cd ***Genus: '' Madoqua'' ****
Kirk's dik-dik Kirk's dik-dik (''Madoqua kirkii'') is a small antelope native to Eastern Africa and one of four species of dik-dik antelope. It is believed to have six subspecies and possibly a seventh existing in southwest Africa. Dik-diks are herbivores, typi ...
, ''Madoqua kirkii'' LR/lc ****
Silver dik-dik The silver dik-dik (''Madoqua piacentinii'') is a small antelope found in low, dense thickets along the southeastern coast of Somalia and in ''Acacia-Commiphora'' bushland in the Shebelle Valley in southeastern Ethiopia. It is the smallest specie ...
, ''Madoqua piacentinii'' VU ****
Salt's dik-dik Salt's dik-dik (''Madoqua saltiana'') is a small antelope found in semidesert, bushland, and thickets in the Horn of Africa, but marginally also in northern Kenya and eastern Sudan. It is named after Henry Salt, who was the first European to ack ...
, ''Madoqua saltiana'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Oreotragus'' ****
Klipspringer The klipspringer (; ''Oreotragus oreotragus'') is a small antelope found in eastern and southern Africa. The sole member of its genus and subfamily/tribe, the klipspringer was first described by German zoologist Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimm ...
, ''Oreotragus oreotragus'' LR/cd ***Genus: ''
Ourebia The oribi (; ''Ourebia ourebi'') is a small antelope found in eastern, southern and western Africa. The sole member of its genus, it was described by the German zoologist Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann in 1783. While this is the monotyp ...
'' **** Oribi, ''Ourebia ourebi'' LR/cd **Subfamily: Bovinae ***Genus: ''
Syncerus ''Syncerus'' is a genus of African bovid that contains the living Cape buffalo ''(Syncerus caffer)'', including the distinct African forest buffalo The African forest buffalo (''Syncerus caffer nanus''), also known as the dwarf buffalo or the ...
'' **** African buffalo, ''Syncerus caffer'' LR/cd ***Genus: '' Tragelaphus'' **** Lesser kudu, ''Tragelaphus imberbis'' LR/cd ****
Bushbuck The Cape bushbuck (''Tragelaphus sylvaticus'') is a common and a widespread species of antelope in sub-Saharan Africa.Wronski T, Moodley Y. (2009)Bushbuck, harnessed antelope or both? ''Gnusletter'', 28(1):18-19. Bushbuck are found in a wide ra ...
, ''Tragelaphus scriptus'' LR/lc **** Greater kudu, ''Tragelaphus strepsiceros'' LR/cd **Subfamily: Cephalophinae ***Genus: ''
Cephalophus ''Cephalophus'' is a mammal genus which contains at least fifteen species of duiker, a type of small antelope. Species Following Groves (2005), the species within ''Cephalophus'' include: * Aders's duiker ''Cephalophus adersi'' * Brooke's duiker ...
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Harvey's duiker The Harvey's red duiker (''Cephalophus harveyi'') is one of 19 species of duiker found in Tanzania and scattered through Kenya, southern Somalia and possibly central Ethiopia. Harvey's duikers are roughly 40 cm (15 in) tall at the shou ...
, ''Cephalophus harveyi'' LR/cd ***Genus: ''
Sylvicapra The common duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia''), also known as the grey or bush duiker, is a small antelope and the only member of the genus ''Sylvicapra''. This species is found everywhere in Africa south of the Sahara, excluding the Horn of Africa ...
'' **** Common duiker, ''Sylvicapra grimmia'' LR/lc **Subfamily: Hippotraginae ***Genus: '' Oryx'' ****
East African oryx The East African oryx (''Oryx beisa''), also known as the beisa is a species of antelope from East Africa. It has two subspecies: the common beisa oryx (''Oryx beisa beisa'') found in steppe and semidesert throughout the Horn of Africa and north ...
, ''Oryx beisa'' EN possibly extirpated **Subfamily: Reduncinae ***Genus: '' Kobus'' **** Waterbuck, ''Kobus ellipsiprymnus'' LR/cd *Family:
Camelidae Camelids are members of the biological family Camelidae, the only currently living family in the suborder Tylopoda. The seven extant members of this group are: dromedary camels, Bactrian camels, wild Bactrian camels, llamas, alpacas, vicuñas, ...
**Genus: '' Camelus'' *** Dromedary, ''Camelus dromedarius'' LC


See also

*
Wildlife of Somalia The wildlife of Somalia includes the flora and fauna of Somalia, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones. Somalia has a long coastline, bordered by the Indian Ocean in the east and Red ...
*
List of chordate orders This article contains a list of all of the classes and orders that are located in the Phylum Chordata. Subphylum Cephalochordata Class Leptocardii: Lancelets * Order Amphioxiformes Family Pikaiidae † * Genus Pikaia † Olfactores (unr ...
*
Lists of mammals by region Lists of mammals by region cover mammals found in different parts of the world. They are organized by continent, region, and country, and in some places by sub-national region. Most are full species lists, while those for Australia and the Caribbe ...
*
List of prehistoric mammals This is an incomplete list of prehistoric mammals. It does not include extant mammals or recently extinct mammals. For extinct primate species, see: list of fossil primates.Mikko's Phylogeny Archiv Mammaliaformes ' *Genus †''Adelobasileus' ...
* Mammal classification * List of mammals described in the 2000s


Notes


References

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mammals Of Somalia Somalia Somalia Mammals *