List Of Kurdish States And Territories

This is a list of Kurdish dynasties, countries and autonomous territories. By the 10th century, the term "Kurd" did not have an ethnic connotation and referred to Iranian nomads in the region between Lake Van and Lake Urmia. In Arabic medieval sources, "Kurd" referred to non- Persian and non-Turkish nomads and semi-nomads (see Origin of the Kurds).

Early entities

* Sadakiyans (770-827)
* ''Daysam'' (938–955)
* Hadhabanis (906–1080)
* Aishanids (912–961)
* Shaddadids (951–1199)Amir Hassanpour, ''Nationalism and Language in Kurdistan, 1918-1985'', Mellen Research University Press, 1992
p. 50.
/ref>
* Rawwadids (955–1071)
* Hasanwayhids (959–1014)
* Marwanids (983–1096)
* Annazids (990/91–1117)
* Shabankara (11th century–12th century)
* Principality of Eğil (1049–1864, Diyarbakir)
* Hazaraspids (1115–1425)
* Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1341)
* Principality of Bitlis (1187–1847)
* Vassaldom of Ardalan (14th century–1865 or 1868)
* Zakarids (1161–1360)
* Emirate of Çemişgezek (13th century–1663)
* Mukriyan (14th century–19th century)
* Zarrinnaal Dynasty (1448–1925)
* Emirate of Pazooka (1499–1587)
* Principality of Suleyman (15th century–1838)
* Emirate of Soran (before 1514–1836)
* Emirate of Miks (?–1846)

Remnants of the Ayyubid Dynasty (13th century–19th century)

Various Kurdish political entities blossomed in the period after the disestablishment of the Ayyubid dynasty in 1260. Some of these rulers claimed descent from the Ayyubids.
* Principality of Donboli (1210–1799)
* Emirate of Bingöl (1231–1864)
* Emirate of Hasankeyf (1232–1524)
* Emirate of Kilis
* Emirate of Şirvan (?–1840s)
* Emirate of Hakkâri (?–1845)
* Principality of Zirqan (1335–1835)
* Emirate of Bahdinan (1339–1843)
* Emirate of Bohtan (?–1833)
* Principality of Mahmudi (1406–1839)
* Principality of Pinyaşi (1548–1823)

Buffer zones between the Ottomans and Persia (13th century–19th century)

For various reasons, Kurdish entities existed as buffer zones between the Ottoman Empire and Persia throughout history. These include:

* Khoy Khanate (1210–1799)
* Emirate of Palu (1495–1845)
* Emirate of Bradost (1510–1609)
* Baban (16th century–1850)
* Tabriz Khanate (1757–1799)
* Hasan Khan dynasty in Pish-e Kuh (1795–1820)
* Sarab Khanate (18th century)

Other dynasties of Kurdish ancestry

* Safavid dynasty (1501–1736) – The dynasty was partly of Kurdish origin.
* Zand dynasty (1751-1794) – The dynasty is of Kurdish Lak origin.''...the bulk of the evidence points to their being one of the northern Lur or Lak tribes, who may originally have been immigrants of Kurdish origin.'', Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly, Charles Melville (ed.), ''The Cambridge History of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic'', Cambridge University Press, 1991,
p. 64.
/ref>

20th-21st century entities

* Kurdish State (1918–1919)
* Kingdom of Kurdistan (1921–1924 and 1925)
* Kurdistansky Uyezd (1923–1929) and Kurdistan Okrug (1930)
* Republic of Ararat (1927–1931)
* Republic of Mahabad (1946–1947)
* Republic of Laçin (1992)
* Islamic Emirate of Byara (2001–2003)

File:Kurdistan1920.png, Provisions of the Treaty of Sèvres for an independent Kurdistan (in 1920)
File:Kingdom of kurdistan 1923.png, Kingdom of Kurdistan (1923)
File:Red kurdistan 1923 1929.png, Red Kurdistan (1923–1929)
File:Republic of mahabad and iranian azerbaijan 1945 1946.png, Republic of Mahabad, (1945–1946)
File: Iraq kurdish areas 2003 vector.svg, Islamic Emirate of Byara (black) at their peak, controlling the entire Halabja Governorate

Current entities

* Kurdistan Region (autonomous region in Iraq, 1970–present)
*Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (self-proclaimed autonomous region declared during the Syrian Civil War by the PYD) (2012–present)

File:Kurdistan 1975.png, Iraqi Kurdistan in 1975
File:Kurdistan 1998.png, Iraqi Kurdistan in 1998
File:Kurdistan 2012.png, Iraqi Kurdistan in 2012
File:Autonomous Region Kurdistan-en.png, Modern Iraqi Kurdistan
File:De Facto Regions of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria.png, Kurdish-led Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria

Gallery

File:Khurasani kurdish exclave 1835.png, Khurasani Kurdish exclave circa 1835
File:Rawadids map.png, Rawadid Dynasty

See also

*Kurdish emirates
*Kurdistan Eyalet
*House of Kayus
*Corduene

Bibliography

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References

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External links

Historical map: Kurdish states in 1835

Historical map: Kurdish political enclaves and territorial demands, 1919-98

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Kurds
Kurdish
Kurdistan independence movement
Kurdish